基于非概率可靠性的结构优化设计研究

基于不确定参量的凸集合描述,研究了考虑非概率可靠性约束时,结构优化设计模型的求解问题。由于非概率可靠性指标是用一个极小极大模型来定义的,故以该指标作为设计约束,将得到一个嵌套的二级优化模型。为了求解该模型,提出了一种序列线性化的计算方法。利用非概率可靠性分析的拉格朗日乘子,逐步构造可靠性指标的一阶近似,通过序列线性规划法求解二级优化问题。该算法可用于区间变量和超椭球凸集模型并存的情形,具有较好的适用性。论文给出了主要的敏度计算公式,并通过简单算例对所提算法进行了验证。     

基于敏感参数修正的结构动态特性设计方法

本文提出了一种基于敏感设计参数修正的求解有限元逆特征值问题的新方法，以解决满足固有频率，固有振型及质量，质心等预定要求的结构动态特性再设计问题。针对通常设计结果对给定的固有振型的误差相当敏感，本文利用列主元ＱＲ分解将设计参数分为敏感设计参数和非敏感设计参数；通过敏感设计参数的修正求解满足预定要求的设计结果。算例及实际设计表明本文方法具有高效、可靠的特性。     

基于SMSA算法的网架结构优化设计

提出了应用SMSA(simulated simplex-annealing, 单纯形模拟退火)算法对网架结构进行优化设计,并对算法中参数的选 择进行了探讨,算例分析表明了单纯形模拟退火算法应用在网架结构优化中的可行性和有效 性.     

Lunar landing trajectory design based on invariant manifold

The low-energy lunar landing trajectory design using the invariant manifolds of restricted three-body problem is studied.Considering angle between the ecliptic plane and lunar orbit plate the four-body problem of sun-earth-moon-spacecraft is divided into two three-body problems,the sun-earth-spacecraft in the ecliptic plane and the earth- moon-spacecraft in the lunar orbit plane.Using the orbit maneuver at the place where the two planes and the invariant manifolds intersect,a general method to design low energy lunar landing trajectory is given.It is found that this method can save the energy about 20% compared to the traditional Hohmann transfer trajectory,The mechanism that the method can save energy is investigated in the point of view of energy and the expression of the amount of energy saved is given.In addition,some rules of selecting parameters with respect to orbit design are provided.The method of energy analysis in the paper can be extended to energy analysis in deep space orbit design.     

Dimensional synthesis of the optimal RSSR mechanism for a set of variable design parameters

This paper deals with the dimensional synthesis of the RSSR mechanism, also known as spatial four-bar linkage (R and S stand for revolute and spherical kinematic pairs respectively). To univocally describe the geometry of the RSSR mechanism a specific set of geometry parameters is necessary. Generally speaking, in a synthesis problem a subset of these parameters, defined as design parameters, is usually considered as assigned whereas the remaining ones, defined as design variables, have to be found by the synthesis procedure. That is, the goal of the synthesis procedure is to find the values of the design variables, while satisfying both functional requirements of the mechanism and constraints on the design parameters. In this paper each design parameter is assigned as variable within a given range rather than being assigned as a single value. In general, varying a design parameter means obtaining a different mechanism which has different functional performances as a consequence. This feature gives raise to a novel synthesis problem, which has not been treated in the literature yet. In particular, the RSSR mechanism synthesis presented in this paper takes the optimization of the force transmission as an objective function, while referring to a given range of values of each design parameter. In addition, prescribed constraints on given extreme angular positions for both the input and the output links, on the upper and lower bounds for the transmission ratio, and on the upper and lower bounds for the design variable values have to be satisfied. The synthesis problem, set as a constrained minimization problem, is solved numerically in two steps by means of a Genetic algorithm followed by a quasi-Newton algorithm. As an example of application, a dimensional synthesis of an RSSR mechanism used in a hand exoskeleton is reported.     

振动系统动力学设计迭代算法及解的存在性讨论

振动系统动力学设计被抽象为高维广义非线性特征值反问题。若系统构成以可变参数表示，则可构造一个非线性多元函数。基于多元函数极小原理，提出了一套求解这一特征值反问题的迭代算法。该算法不受系统给定阶数和给定方向的限制，也适用于具有重特征值的退化情况，系统或结构的构成材料可以是任意的。文中同时讨论了解的存在条件，且以显式表达，可方便地应用于工程实际。结合某直升机旋翼桨叶的动力学设计，给出了应用的数值算例。大量数值仿真结果及应用实践表明，本文算法具很好的收敛性，并有较高的计算精度。     

Design of a separation-free airfoil with outer-flow suction over a certain range of angles of attack

The problem of the design of an airfoil with slot air suction from the outer flow for a prescribed velocity distribution over the airfoil contour that ensures the absence of flow separation over a given range of angles of attack is formulated and solved. The proposed combined numerical and analytical method of airfoil design within the framework of the inviscid incompressible fluid model is based on the theory of inverse problems of aerohydrodynamics. Separationless flow past the airfoil is achieved by eliminating the falling velocity intervals from the specified velocity distribution in two given flow regimes. The flow past an airfoil with outer-flow suction is determined not only by the angle of attack as for an impermeable airfoil but also by the value of the suction mass flow. The slot is modeled by an annular channel with constant velocities on the walls. To satisfy the problem solvability conditions, free parameters are introduced into the initial velocity distribution. Examples of airfoil design are given. Kazan, Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Akademii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 4, pp. 185–191, July–August, 2000.     

Principal Compliance and Robust Optimal Design

The paper addresses a problem of robust optimal design of elastic structures when the loading is unknown and only an integral constraint for the loading is given. We propose to minimize the principal compliance of the domain equal to the maximum of the stored energy over all admissible loadings. The principal compliance is the maximal compliance under the extreme, worst possible loading. The robust optimal design is formulated as a min-max problem for the energy stored in the structure. The maximum of the energy is chosen over the constrained class of loadings, while the minimum is taken over the design parameters. It is shown that the problem for the extreme loading can be reduced to an elasticity problem with mixed nonlinear boundary conditions; the last problem may have multiple solutions. The optimization with respect to the designed structure takes into account the possible multiplicity of extreme loadings and divides resources (reinforced material) to equally resist all of them. Continuous change of the loading constraint causes bifurcation of the solution of the optimization problem. It is shown that an invariance of the constraints under a symmetry transformation leads to a symmetry of the optimal design. Examples of optimal design are investigated; symmetries and bifurcations of the solutions are revealed.     

反平面剪切下电磁弹性纤维增强复合材料界面相效应研究

研究具有界面相电磁弹性纤维增强复合材料的反平面剪切问题,利用复变函数方法,获得了无穷域中带界面相纤维问题在远场力、电、磁多场作用下的闭合解,得到了复合材料内部各区域电磁弹性物理量的精确表达式.利用所得结果,考虑纤维和基体间的界面相效应,研究了界面相厚度及弹性模量对复合材料内部应力场、电场强度和磁场强度的影响,数值结果给出了复合材料电磁弹性物理量随界面相参数变化的规律,为该类复合材料的设计与计算提供了有价值的参考.     

DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION FOR UNCERTAIN STRUCTURES USING INTERVAL METHOD

An interval optimization method for the dynamic response of structures with interval parameters is presented. The matrices of structures with interval parameters are given. Combining the interval extension with the perturbation, the method for interval dynamic response analysis is derived. The interval optimization problem is transformed into a corresponding deterministic one. Because the mean values and the uncertainties of the interval parameters can be elected design variables, more information of the optimization results can be obtained by the present method than that obtained by the deterministic one. The present method is implemented for a truss structure. The numerical results show that the method is effective.     

区间参数结构的动力响应优化

讨论区间参数结构的动态响应问题的区间优化方法．利用摄动理论和函数区间扩张,将区间优化问题转化为近似的确定性优化问题．由于区间设汁变量的中值和不确定性半径均可取作优化参数,昕以可得到比确定性优化更多的优化信息．将该方法应j用于桁架结构,算例表明该方法是有效的．     

Multiparameter Optimal Design of Plates and Shells

For global behavioral constraints, the problem of optimal design of plates and shells is formulated by assuming the design to be dependent upon a set of design parameters. Global minimum theorems are proved for some constraints, whereas for others only local extremum conditions are derived. A possibility of constructing some numerical algorithms by using the optima-lity condition and proper variational principle is discussed. The following behavioral constraints are considered: prescribed mean compliance measurer1 as the work of surface tractions, prescribed local deflection of linearly or nonlincarly elastic structure, given set of several free frequencies, prescribed safety factor for limit load of a plastic structure, any global constraint ex pressed as a surface integral with integrand depending on generalized stresses or strains.     

Asymptotic solution of nonlocal nonlinear reaction-diffusion Robin problems with two parameters

In this paper, the nonlocal nonlinear reaction-diffusion singularly perturbed problems with two parameters are studied. Using a singular perturbation method, the structure of the solutions to the problem is discussed in relation to two small parameters. The asymptotic solutions of the problem are given.     

Analysis of parameter sensitivity and experimental design for a class of nonlinear partial differential equations

The purpose of this work is to analyse the parameter sensitivity problem for a class of nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations, and to show how numerical simulations can help to optimize experiments for the estimation of parameters in such equations. As a representative example we consider the Laplace–Young problem describing the free surface between two fluids in contact with the walls of a bounded domain, with the parameters being those associated with surface tension and contact. We investigate the sensitivity of the solution and associated functionals to the parameters, examining in particular under what conditions the solution is sensitive to parameter choice. From this, the important practical question of how to optimally design experiments is discussed; i.e. how to choose the shape of the domain and the type of measurements to be performed, such that a subsequent inversion of the measured data for the model parameters yields maximal accuracy in the parameters. We investigate this through numerical studies of the behaviour of the eigenvalues of the sensitivity matrix and their relation to experimental design. These studies show that the accuracy with which parameters can be identified from given measurements can be improved significantly by numerical experiments. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A Note on Design of Fiber-Nets for Maximum Stiffness

For a specific fiber-net, the design variables are relative fiber density and fiber orientations. With a given amount of fibers, our objective is to maximize the stiffness (minimize the compliance) for a continuum subjected to a given load situation. Analytical optimality criteria are derived, and numerical optimization procedures are presented. Applications to a wedge problem from the literature, Royer-Carfagni (2000), and to a skew plate problem are shown, and the study includes the influence of a basic material to be reinforced. The procedure described can be combined with localized optimal design for density, orientation, and shape, “pointwise” or for design regions.     

Optimum design of laminated composite foam-filled sandwich plates subjected to strength constraint

Optimum design of laminated composite sandwich plates with both continuous (core thickness) and discrete (layer group fiber angles and thicknesses) design variables subjected to strength constraint is studied via a two-level optimization technique. The strength of a sandwich plate is determined in a failure analysis using the Tsai–Wu failure criterion and the finite element method which is formulated on the basis of the layerwise linear displacement theory. In the first level optimization of the design process, the discrete design variables are temporarily treated as continuous variables and the corresponding minimum weight of the sandwich plate is evaluated subject to the strength constraint using a constrained multi-start global optimization method. In the second level optimization, the optimal solution obtained in the first level optimization is used in the branch and bound method for solving a discrete optimization problem to determine the optimal design parameters and the final weight of the plate. Failure test of laminated composite foam-filled sandwich plates with different lamination arrangements are performed to validate the proposed optimal design method. A number of examples of the design of laminated composite foam-filled sandwich plates are given to demonstrate the feasibility and applications of the proposed method.     

基于拓扑描述函数的特定性能材料设计方法

研究了拓扑描述函数在材料设计中的应用,给出了一种基于拓扑描述函数的特定性能材料设计问题的提法和求解方法.将拓扑描述函数表示成含参数的基函数之和,将材料微结构拓扑优化问题转化为设计基函数描述参数的尺寸优化问题,使问题求解更方便.基于拓扑描述函数的方法可以准确确定设计域上任意点的材料分布,避免了变密度法常出现的棋盘效应、设计变量和有限元单元相关的缺点;与传统的水平集方法相比,其优化模型可以利用现有的优化方法求解,避免了差分法求偏微分方程.具有正泊松比和负泊松比的特定弹性性能材料的设计算例,说明了基于拓扑描述函数的材料设计方法的有效性.     

Sensitivity analysis of thermal design parameters for focal plane assembly in a space spectral imaging instrument

There are deviations between real parameters and thermal design parameters on thermophysical attribute of focal plane assembly (FPA). The parameters are difficult to be determined accurately and the thermal design scheme will be affected with the values of the parameters. The thermal design problem of FPA is described by means of system sensitivity theory. The in-orbit heat balance equations are established, and the thermal design parameters, which might affect the temperature distribution of the FPA, are given. As an example, the sensitivity of thermal design parameters is analyzed for a FPA in a space spectral imaging instrument. A basis to determine the structural and thermophysical parameters for FPA is gotten, furthermore, an analytical method is provided for reliability validation of thermal design and operating reliability on orbit. It is shown that contact heat-transfer coefficient between mounted surfaces and surface emissivity are the main parameters affecting mean temperature of Charge converse device (CCD). The power of the inner heat source, thermal conductivity and inner contact heat-transfer coefficient are the primary parameters affecting temperature difference between CCD and the heat-transfer block. The thermal test is set up, and it is illuminated that the sensitivity analysis strategy based on the thermal design scheme is effective and feasible.     

基于神经网络的结构可靠性优化设计

结合随机摄动技术和随机模拟方法,提出了可靠性优化设计的一种数值逼近法,将服从任意分布的可靠性概率约束等价转化为确定型约束,可以迅速准确地获得优化设计结果。针对具有多失效模式的结构可靠性优化设计,提出了随机模拟-神经网络方法,模拟得到随机设计变量与系统可靠度之间的显性函数表达式,简化了计算过程,同时可以获得较高的计算精度,具有很好的工程实用价值。