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1.
We present the first results from a novel experimental approach to the measurement of state-to-state differential scattering cross-sections for inelastic scattering of electronically excited CN A(2)Pi with Ar. Photodissociation of ICN with linearly polarized 266 nm radiation generates CN X(2)Sigma(+) (upsilon(")=0,J(")) with a near mono-energetic speed distribution and large anisotropy. Saturated optical pumping of the nascent CN X(2)Sigma(+) transfers this speed distribution without distortion to selected rotational quantum states of the A(2)Pi (upsilon(')=4) level. The products of rotational energy transfer within the A(2)Pi (upsilon(')=4) level into the J(')=0.5, F(2), f, state are probed using frequency modulated stimulated emission spectroscopy on the A-X (4,2) band with a single frequency external cavity tunable diode laser. Doppler profiles of transitions from individual rotational, spin-orbit and lambda doublet specific levels are acquired for different geometrical arrangements of photolysis polarization and probe propagation directions. The resulting Doppler profiles, which for this J(')=0.5 state cannot display a rotational angular momentum alignment, are combined to yield composite Doppler profiles depending on speed and translational anisotropy, which are analyzed to determine fully state-to-state resolved differential scattering cross-sections.  相似文献   

2.
Rotationally resolved resonant two-photon ionization (R2PI) spectra of ScCo and YCo are reported. The measured spectra reveal that these molecules possess ground electronic states of (1)Sigma(+) symmetry, as previously found in the isoelectronic Cr(2) and CrMo molecules. The ground state rotational constants for ScCo and YCo are B(0)(")=0.201 31(22) cm(-1) and B(0) (")=0.120 96(10) cm(-1), corresponding to ground state bond lengths of r(0) (")=1.812 1(10) A and r(0) (")=1.983 0(8) A, respectively. A single electronic band system, assigned as a (1)Pi<--X (1)Sigma(+) transition, has been identified in both molecules. In ScCo, the (1)Pi state is characterized by T(0)=15,428.8, omega(e)(')=246.7, and omega(e)(')x(e)(')=0.73 cm(-1). In YCo, the (1)Pi state has T(0)=13 951.3, omega(e)(')=231.3, and omega(e)(')x(e) (')=2.27 cm(-1). For YCo, hot bands originating from levels up to v(")=3 are observed, allowing the ground state vibrational constants omega(e)(")=369.8, omega(e)(")x(e)(")=1.47, and Delta G(12)(")=365.7 cm(-1) to be deduced. The bond energy of ScCo has been measured as 2.45 eV from the onset of predissociation in a congested vibronic spectrum. A comparison of the chemical bonding in these molecules to related molecules is presented.  相似文献   

3.
A new band system of C(2), d (3)Pi(g)<--c (3)Sigma(u) (+) is observed by laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy, constituting the first direct detection of the c (3)Sigma(u) (+) state of C(2). Observations were made by laser excitation of c (3)Sigma(u) (+)(v(")=0) C(2), produced in an acetylene discharge, to the d (3)Pi(g)(v(')=3) level, followed by detection of Swan band fluorescence. Rotational analysis of this band yielded rotational constants for the c (3)Sigma(u) (+)(v(")=0) state: B(0)=1.9218(2) cm(-1), lambda(0)=-0.335(4) cm(-1) and gamma(0)=0.011(2) cm(-1). The vibrational band origin was determined to be nu(3-0)=15861.28 cm(-1).  相似文献   

4.
We report on the dynamics of multiphoton excitation and dissociation of NO(2) at wavelengths between 395 and 420 nm and intensities between 4 and 10 TW cm(-2). The breakup of the molecule is monitored by NO A (2)Sigma(+)n(')=1,0-->X (2)Pi(r)n(")=0 fluorescence as a function of time delay between the driving field and a probe field which depletes the emission. It is found that generation of n(')=0 and 1 NO A (2)Sigma(+) results in different fluorescence modulation patterns due to the intense probe field. The dissociation dynamics are interpreted in terms of nuclear motions over light-induced potentials formed by coupling of NO(2) valence and Rydberg states to the applied field. Based on this model, it is argued that the time and intensity dependences of A (2)Sigma(+)n(')=0-->X (2)Pi(r)n(")=0 fluorescence are consistent with delayed generation of NO A (2)Sigma(+)n(')=0 via a light-induced bond-hardening brought about by the transient coupling of the dressed A (2)B(2) and Rydberg 3ssigma (2)Sigma(g) (+) states of the parent molecule. The increasingly prompt decay of A (2)Sigma(+)n(')=1-->X (2)Pi(r)n(")=0 fluorescence with increasing intensity, on the other hand, is consistent with a direct surface crossing between the X (2)A(1) and 3ssigma (2)Sigma(g) (+) dressed states to generate vibrationally excited products.  相似文献   

5.
Vibronically resolved resonant two-photon ionization and dispersed fluorescence spectra of the organometallic radicals CrC(2)H, CrCH(3), and NiCH(3) are reported in the visible and near-infrared wavelength regions. For CrC(2)H, a complicated vibronic spectrum is found in the 11 100-13 300 cm(-1) region, with a prominent vibrational progression having omega(e) (')=426.52+/-0.84 cm(-1), omega(e) (')x(e) (')=0.74+/-0.13 cm(-1). Dispersed fluorescence reveals a v(")=1 level of the ground state with DeltaG(1/2) (")=470+/-20 cm(-1). These vibrational frequencies undoubtedly pertain to the Cr-C(2)H stretching mode. It is suggested that the spectrum corresponds to the A (6)Sigma(+)<--X (6)Sigma(+) band system, with the CrC(2)H molecule being linear in both the ground and the excited state. The related CrCH(3) molecule displays a vibronic spectrum in the 11 500-14 000 cm(-1) region. The upper state of this system displays six sub-bands that are too closely spaced to be vibrational structure, but too widely separated to be K structure. It is suggested that the observed spectrum is a (6)E<--X (6)A(1) band system, analogous to the well-known B (6)Pi<--X (6)Sigma(+) band systems of CrF and CrCl. The ground state Cr-CH(3) vibration is characterized by omega(e) (")=525+/-17 cm(-1) and omega(e) (")x(e) (")=7.9+/-6 cm(-1). The spectrum of NiCH(3) lies in the 16 100-17 400 cm(-1) range and has omega(e) (')=455.3+/-0.1 cm(-1) and omega(e) (')x(e) (')=6.60+/-0.03 cm(-1). Dispersed fluorescence studies provide ground state vibrational constants of omega(e) (")=565.8+/-1.6 cm(-1) and omega(e) (")x(e) (")=1.7+/-3.0 cm(-1). Again, these values correspond to the Ni-CH(3) stretching motion. (c) 2004 American Institute of Physics.  相似文献   

6.
The CN-Ar van der Waals complex has been observed using the B (2)Sigma(+)-X (2)Sigma(+) and A (2)Pi-X (2)Sigma(+) electronic transitions. The spectra yield a dissociation energy of D(0")=102+/-2 cm(-1) and a zero-point rotational constant of B(0")=0.067+/-0.005 cm(-1) for CN(X)-Ar. The dissociation energy for CN(A)-Ar was found to be D(0')=125+/-2 cm(-1). Transitions to vibrationally excited levels of CN(B)-Ar dominated the B-X spectrum, indicative of substantial differences in the intermolecular potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the X and B states. Ab initio PESs were calculated for the X and B states. These were used to predict rovibrational energy levels and van der Waals bond energies (D(0")=115 and D(0')=183 cm(-1)). The results for the X state were in reasonably good agreement with the experimental data. Spectral simulations based on the ab initio potentials yielded qualitative insights concerning the B-X spectrum, but the level of agreement was not sufficient to permit vibronic assignment. Electronic predissociation was observed for both CN(A)-Ar and CN(B)-Ar. The process leading to the production of CN(A,nu=8,9) fragments from the predissociation of CN(B,nu=0)-Ar was characterized using time-resolved fluorescence and optical-optical double resonance measurements.  相似文献   

7.
DCl(+)(X (2)Pi(32),v(+")=0) cations have been prepared by 2+1 resonance enhanced multiphoton ionization, and their subsequent fragmentation following excitation at numerous wavelengths in the range of 240-350 nm studied by velocity map imaging of the resulting Cl(+) products. This range of excitation wavelengths allows selective population of A (2)Sigma(+) state levels with all vibrational (v(+')) quantum numbers in the range 0< or =v(+')< or =15. Image analysis yields wavelength dependent branching ratios and recoil anisotropies of the various D+Cl(+) ((3)P(J), (1)D, and (1)S) product channels. Levels with 10< or =v(+')< or =15 have sufficient energy to predissociate, forming D+Cl(+)((3)P(J)) products with perpendicular recoil anisotropies-consistent with the A (2)Sigma(+)<--X (2)Pi parent excitation and subsequent fragmentation on a time scale that is fast compared with the parent rotational period. Branching into the various spin-orbit states of the Cl(+)((3)P(J)) product is found to depend sensitively upon v(+') and, in the case of the v(+')=13 level, to vary with the precise choice of excitation wavelength within the A (2)Sigma(+)<--X (2)Pi(13,0) band. Such variations have been rationalized qualitatively in terms of the differing contributions made to the overall predissociation rate of DCl(+)(A,v(+')) molecules by coupling to repulsive states of (4)Pi, (4)Sigma(-), and (2)Sigma(-) symmetries, all of which are calculated to cross the outer limb of the A (2)Sigma(+) state potential at energies close to that of the v(+')=10 level. Cl(+)((3)P(J)) fragments are detected weakly following excitation to A (2)Sigma(+) state levels with v(+')=0 or 1, Cl(+)((1)D) fragments dominate the ion yield when exciting via 2< or =v(+')< or =6 and via v(+')=9, while Cl(+)((1)S) fragments dominate the Cl(+) images obtained when exciting via levels with v(+')=7 and 8. Analysis of wavelength resolved action spectra for forming these Cl(+) ions and of the resulting Cl(+) ion images shows that (i) these ions all arise via two photon absorption processes, resonance enhanced at the one photon energy by the various A(v(+')<10) levels, (ii) the first A (2)Sigma(+)<--X (2)Pi absorption step is saturated under the conditions required to observe significant two photon dissociation, and (iii) the final absorption step from the resonance enhancing A(v(+')) level involves a parallel transition.  相似文献   

8.
The A (2)A(')-X (2)A(") electronic spectra of jet-cooled HPBr and DPBr have been obtained for the first time using the pulsed electric discharge technique with a precursor mixture of PBr(3) and H(2)/D(2). Laser-induced fluorescence and single vibronic level emission spectra gave the bending and P-Br stretching frequencies in the ground and excited states of both isotopomers. Rotational analyses of the HPBr and DPBr 0(0) (0) bands showed small spin splittings characteristic of a doublet-doublet transition of an asymmetric-top molecule. From the ground- and excited-state rotational constants, effective (r(0)) structures were derived with r(")(PH)=1.4307(86) A, r(")(PBr)=2.2021(9) A, and theta(")=95.2(8) degrees, and r(')(PH)=1.434(31) A, r(')(PBr)=2.1669(26) A, and theta(')=115.5(16) degrees . In a few favorable cases, further hyperfine splitting of the spin-rotation energy levels has been observed, due to the excited-state Fermi contact interaction of the unpaired electron with the spin magnetic moment of the (31)P nucleus, with a(F) (')=0.064(9) cm(-1) for HPBr. Fluorescence depletion spectroscopy and lifetime measurements indicate that higher vibrational levels of the A (2)A(') state are predissociated by a X (2)A(") dissociative continuum. CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations predict that the most likely dissociation process is HPBr (X (2)A("))-->PH((3)Sigma(-))+Br((2)P(u)).  相似文献   

9.
Fluorescence excitation spectra produced through photoexcitation of N(2) using synchrotron radiation in the spectral region between 80 and 100 nm have been studied. Two broadband detectors were employed to simultaneously monitor fluorescence in the 115-320 nm and 300-700 nm regions, respectively. The peaks in the vacuum ultraviolet fluorescence excitation spectra are found to correspond to excitation of absorption transitions from the ground electronic state to the b (1)Pi(u), b(') (1)Sigma(u) (+), c(n) (1)Pi(u) (with n=4-8), c(n) (') (1)Sigma(u) (+) (with n=5-9), and c(4) (')(v('))(1)Sigma(u) (+) (with v(')=0-8) states of N(2). The relative fluorescence production cross sections for the observed peaks are determined. No fluorescence has been produced through excitation of the most dominating absorption features of the b-X transition except for the (1,0), (5,0), (6,0), and (7,0) bands, in excellent agreement with recent lifetime measurements and theoretical calculations. Fluorescence peaks, which correlate with the long vibrational progressions of the c(4) (') (1)Sigma(u) (+) (with v(')=0-8) and the b(') (1)Sigma(u) (+) (with v(') up to 19), have been observed. The present results provide important information for further unraveling of complicated and intriguing interactions among the excited electronic states of N(2). Furthermore, solar photon excitation of N(2) leading to the production of c(4) (')(0) may provide useful data required for evaluating and analyzing dayglow models relevant to the interpretation of c(4) (')(0) in the atmospheres of Earth, Jupiter, Saturn, Titan, and Triton.  相似文献   

10.
The magnetic tuning of the low-rotational levels of the A (6)Sigma(+) (v = 1 and 0) states of chromium monohydride, (52)CrH, have been experimentally investigated using optical spectroscopy of the (0, 0) and (1, 0) bands of the A (6)Sigma(+)-X (6)Sigma(+) transition. The tuning of the numerous low-rotational lines in the A (6)Sigma(+)-X (6)Sigma(+) (0, 0) band can be accurately modeled using a single set of g-factors (g(S) and g(l)) which are close to the expected values. In contrast, the g-factors for the A (6)Sigma(+) (v = 1) state required to model the magnetic tuning of low-rotational lines in the A (6)Sigma(+)-X (6)Sigma(+) (1, 0) band are strongly dependent upon rotational and fine structure component and the determined effective values for g(S) deviate significantly from 2.002. Interpretation of the quantum level variation of g(S) is presented. The magnetic hyperfine structure of the (0, 0) and (1, 0) bands of the A (6)Sigma(+)-X (6)Sigma(+) transition is analyzed to produce proton Fermi contact, b(F) and dipolar, c, magnetic hyperfine parameters of 19(1) MHz and 34(5) MHz for the A (6)Sigma(+) (v = 0) state and 21(2) MHz and 30(7) MHz for the A (6)Sigma(+) (v = 1) state.  相似文献   

11.
The photodissociation spectra of CS(2)(+) ions via B(2)Sigma(u)(+) and C(2)Sigma(g)(+) electronic states have been studied by using two-photon excitation, where the parent CS(2)(+) ions were prepared by [3 + 1] REMPI (resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization) at 483.2 nm from the jet-cooled CS(2) molecules. The [1 + 1] photodissociation spectrum of CS(2)(+) via the B(2)Sigma(u)(+)(upsilon(1)upsilon(2)0) <-- X(2)Pi(g,3/2)(000) transition was obtained by scanning the dissociation laser in the wavelength range of 270-285 nm and detecting the signal of both S(+) and CS(+). The [1 + 1'] photodissociation spectra of CS(2)(+) were obtained by fixing the first dissociation laser at 281.94 or 277.15 nm to excite the B(2)Sigma(u)(+) (000 or 100) <-- X(2)Pi(g,3/2)(000) transitions and scanning the second dissociation laser in the range of 606-763 nm to excite C(2)Sigma(g)(+)(upsilon(1)upsilon(2)0) <-- B(2)Sigma(u)(+)(000,100) transitions. New spectroscopic constants of nu(1) = 666.2 +/- 2.5 cm(-1), nu(2) = 363.2 +/- 1.9 cm(-1), chi(11) = -5.5 +/- 0.1 cm(-1), chi(22) = 1.6 +/- 0.1 cm(-1), chi(12) = -8.6 +/- 0.2 cm(-1), and k(122) = 44.9 +/- 2.5 cm(-1) (Fermi resonance constant) for the C(2)Sigma(g)(+) state are deduced from the [1 + 1'] photodissociation spectra. On the basis of the [1 + 1] and [1 + 1'] photodissociation spectra, the wavelength and level dependence of the product branching ratios CS(+)/S(+) has been found and the dissociation dynamics of CS(2)(+) ions via B(2)Sigma(u)(+) and C(2)Sigma(g)(+) electronic states are discussed.  相似文献   

12.
The optical Stark effect in the (R)R(13)(0.5) branch feature of the [18.1] (2)Pi(12)-X (4)Sigma(12) (-) (v('),v(")=0) band of rhodium monosulfide (RhS) has been recorded and analyzed to determine the permanent electric dipole moment mu(e) of 3.40(2) D for the ground X (4)Sigma(12) (-) (v=0) state and an upper limit of 1.5 D for the [18.1] (2)Pi(12) state. Molecular orbital correlation diagrams are used to interpret the relative values of mu(e) for RhN, RhO, and RhS. The (103)Rh(I=12) magnetic hyperfine interaction in the X (4)Sigma(12) (-) and [18.1] (2)Pi(12) states is analyzed.  相似文献   

13.
A supersonic beam of metastable He(*) atoms and He(2) (*) a (3)Sigma(u) (+) molecules has been generated using a pulsed discharge at the exit of a pulsed valve prior to the gas expansion into vacuum. Pulsed-field-ionization zero-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectra of the He(2) (+) X(+) (2)Sigma(u) (+) (v(+)=0-2)<--He(2) (*) a (3)Sigma(u) (+) (v(")=0-2) transitions and photoionization spectra of He(2) (*) in the vicinity of the lowest ionization thresholds have been recorded. The energy level structures of (4)He(2) (+) X(+) (2)Sigma(u) (+) (v(+)< or =2,N(+)< or =23) and (3)He(2) (+) X(+) (2)Sigma(u) (+) (v(+)=0,N(+)< or =11) have been determined, and an accurate set of molecular constants for all isotopomers of He(2) (+) has been derived in a global analysis of all spectroscopic data reported to date on the low vibrational levels of He(2) (+). The analysis of the photoionization spectrum by multichannel quantum defect theory has provided a set of parameters describing the threshold photoionization dynamics.  相似文献   

14.
Pure rotational spectra of Ne-SH and Kr-SH have been studied by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. R-branch transitions in the lower-spin component (Omega=3/2) corresponding to a linear (2)Pi(i) radical were observed for J(")=1.5-4.5 in the region 11-25 GHz for Ne-SH and for J(")=1.5-6.5 in the region 5-20 GHz for Kr-SH, respectively, with parity doublings and hyperfine splittings associated with the H nucleus. Although the spectral pattern of Kr-SH is relatively regular, that of Ne-SH is irregular with the J dependence of the parity doublings quite different from other Rg-SH or Ar-OH complexes. Two-dimensional intermolecular potential energy surfaces (IPSs) for both of the species have been determined from the least-squares fittings of the observed rotational transitions utilizing results of high-level ab initio calculations. These IPSs reproduce the observed transition frequencies within the experimental error and provide accurate knowledge on the intermolecular interaction and internal dynamics. Systematic comparisons of Rg-SH complexes have clarified various features of this series of complexes.  相似文献   

15.
The (3)(1)Pi state of the NaCs molecule was studied by high resolution Fourier-transform spectroscopy. The (3)(1)Pi-->X (1)Sigma(+) laser induced fluorescence was excited by an Ar(+) ion laser or by a single-mode frequency-doubled cw Nd:YAG laser. The presence of argon buffer gas yielded rich rotational relaxation spectra allowing to enlarge the data set for the (3)(1)Pi state term values, as well as to observe Lambda splittings in a wide range of vibrational (v(')) and rotational (J(')) quantum numbers. The data field includes about 820 energy levels of (3)(1)Pi NaCs in the range from v(')=0 to 37 and from J(')=3 to 190, which corresponds to ca. 95% of the potential well depth. Direct fit of the potential energy curve to the level energies is realized using the inverted perturbation approach method; a set of Dunham coefficients is also presented.  相似文献   

16.
Transition probabilities were evaluated for the X (1)Sigma(+)-A (1)Pi system of AlNC and AlCN isomers to analyze photoabsorption and fluorescence spectra. The global potential energy surfaces (PESs) of the X (1)Sigma(+) and A (1)Pi (1 (1)A("),2 (1)A(')) electronic states were determined by the multireference configuration interaction calculations with the Davidson correction. Einstein's B coefficients were computed by quantum vibrational calculations using the three-dimensional PESs of these states and the electronic transition moments for the X-1 (1)A(") and X-2 (1)A(') systems. Einstein's B coefficients obtained for AlNC or AlCN exhibit that the Al-N or Al-C stretching mode is strongly enhanced in the transition. The absorption and fluorescence spectra calculated for the X-1 (1)A(") and X-2 (1)A(') systems are discussed comparing with the observed photoexcitation and fluorescence spectra. The lifetimes for the several vibrational levels of the A (1)Pi state were calculated to be ca. 7 ns for AlNC and 21-24 ns for AlCN from the fluorescence decay rates of the 1 (1)A(")-X and 2 (1)A(')-X emissions.  相似文献   

17.
18.
High-resolution laser excitation spectroscopy has been used to record the A (2)E-X (2)A(1) electronic transition of SrCH(3) in a laser ablation/molecular jet source. Transitions arising from the K(')=1<--K(")=0, K(')=0<--K(")=1, and K(')=2<--K(")=1 subbands have been observed and assigned. The data were modeled with (2)E and (2)A(1) symmetric top Hamiltonian matrices in a Hund's case (a) basis, using a least squares fitting program. Rotational and fine structure parameters for the A (2)E state were determined. A comparison of the spin-orbit energy separation in the A (2)E state to other strontium containing free radicals showed that the Jahn-Teller effect is negligible. The spin-rotation constants for the A (2)E state were calculated using the pure precession model and were found to be in good agreement with the experimentally determined parameters. These calculations suggest that the A (2)E state of SrCH(3) is not entirely of p orbital character. The rotational constants were used to estimate the structural parameters of SrCH(3) in the A (2)E state. The strontium-carbon bond length was found to decrease by approximately 0.006 A, and the hydrogen-carbon-hydrogen bond angle opened by approximately 0.8 degrees compared to the X (2)A(1) state, similar to the geometry changes observed for CaCH(3).  相似文献   

19.
Fluorescence-dip infrared spectroscopy, an UV-IR double-resonance technique, is employed to characterize the line positions, linewidths, and corresponding lifetimes of highly predissociative rovibrational levels of the excited A (2)Sigma(+) electronic state of the OH radical. Various lines of the 4 <--2 overtone transition in the excited A (2)Sigma(+) state are observed, from which the rotational, centrifugal distortion, and spin-rotation constants for the A (2)Sigma(+) (v = 4) state are determined, along with the vibrational frequency for the overtone transition. Homogeneous linewidths of 0.23-0.31 cm(-1) full width at half maximum are extracted from the line profiles, demonstrating that the N = 0 to 7 rotational levels of the OH A (2)Sigma(+) (v = 4) state undergo rapid predissociation with lifetimes of < or =23 ps. The experimental linewidths are in near quantitative agreement with first-principles theoretical predictions.  相似文献   

20.
We have measured the Stark shift of the A2Pi(1/2)-X2Sigma+ transition in YbF. We use a molecular beam triple resonance method, with two laser transitions acting as pump and probe, assisted by an rf transition that tags a single hyperfine transition of the X state. After subtracting the known ground state Stark shift, we obtain a value of 70.3(1.5) Hz/(V/cm)2 for the static electric polarizability of the state A2Pi(1/2) (J=1/2),f by fitting our data to a purely quadratic Stark shift in the interval 0-5 kV/cm. A more exact analysis that does not assume a perfectly quadratic Stark effect yields the value mu(e)=2.48(3) D for the electric dipole moment of the A2Pi(1/2)(v=0) state.  相似文献   

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