关于QGP中夸克屏蔽位势来自动力论方程的研究

从QGP的动力论方程出发,计及运动检验夸克的色电场扰动,采用微扰方法,并在高温极限下得到QGP中夸克的分布函数和色电势.给出了考虑运动效应在内的德拜长度λ_D(或屏蔽质量ω_D)与温度T的关系,在静态极限下它们与QCD理论相符.     

夸克模型中的Dsj(2317),Dsj(2460)衰变

用夸克模型结合D_s,D_s^*, 讨论窄共振态D_sj^*(2317),D_sj(2460). 除η－π⁰混合角由D^*_s衰变宽度给出, 所有的参数均取自Godfrey和Isgur的夸克模型. 得到的电磁衰变宽度与实验数据和其他作者的结果相一致. 但是, 与现有的实验结果比较, D_sj^*(2317), D_sj(2460)的π介子衰变宽度要小一个数量级. 我们怀疑简单的手征夸克-π轴矢相互作用的哈密顿量不适合于D_sj^*(2317), D_sj(2460)的强衰变.     

在手征么正模型中0+重介子是否存在分子态结构

在分子态结构的假设下, 利用手征么正模型研究了D₀(2308)和B₀的可能结构. 通过研究重子-赝标介子相互作用, 找到了一些可能的分子态. 结果表明: 在带奇异数的系统中, 存在一个质量为2.312±0.041GeV的DK束缚态, 它可以被解释为实验上发现的D_s0(2317). 与此同时, 在非奇异系统中, 存在一个与之对应的、质量为2.1GeV的宽度较大的态和一个对应的、质量为2.44GeV的宽度较小的态. 这两个态应对应于D₀. 因此, 分子态结构只能是D₀(2308)一个分量. 计算结果还预言了一些B_s0和B₀态. 其中质量为5.725±0.039GeV的BK束缚态可以被解释为B_s0(5725), 而预言的B₀(5536)和B₀(5819)应为与B_s0(5725)相对应的非奇异态.     

DsJ(2632)强衰变的研究

SELEX合作组发现的D_sJ(2632)引起了很多的讨论, 同时也带来了激烈的争论. 它的自旋宇称还没有最后确定, 如果它真的存在, 它的夸克结构可能是奇特的. 以前有的文献假定D_sJ(2632)是1^－的径向激发态, 我们假定它可能是夸克结构为qq,J^P为2⁺的基态或者0⁺D_sJ(2317)的第一径向激发态, 用Bethe-Salpeter方程重新计算了它的衰变宽度. 计算结果表明, 理论值和实验数据还是存在尖锐的矛盾.     

不同能量的氦原子与同位素分子H2(D2，T2)碰撞分波截面的理论计算

用Tang-Toennies势模型和密耦近似方法计算了不同能量下惰性气体原子He与H₂及其同位素D₂，T₂替代碰撞体系的振转激发碰撞截面. 通过分析He-H₂(D₂，T₂)各碰撞体系分波截面的差异，总结出在H₂分子的对称同位素替代情形下He-H₂(D₂，T₂)碰撞体系分波截面随量子数和体系     

关于标量介子的研究

基于a₀(980)和D^*_sJ(2317)属于1 ³P₀介子多重态这个主要假定, 在准线性Regge轨迹方案下估计了1 ³P₀介子多重态成员的质量. 在介子-介子混合的框架下,建议a₀(980), K^*₀(1052), f₀(1099)和f₀(530)组成基态标量介子九重态, 并且f₀(1099)主要由ss组成,而f₀(530)主要是uu+dd. 这些态可能分别对应已观察到的标量态a₀(980), κ(900), f₀(980)和f₀(600)/σ. 另外, 在胶球为主的图像下, 估计基态标量胶球的质量大约为1340MeV. 给出的结果与其他不同方法给出的结果是一致的.     

Probing the interactions of charmed mesons with nuclei in ¯p-induced reactions

We study the perspectives of resonant and nonresonant charmed-meson production in ˉp + A reactions within the Multiple Scattering Monte Carlo (MSMC) approach. We calculate the production of the resonances Ψ(3770),Ψ(4040) and Ψ(4160) on various nuclei, their propagation and decay to D,ˉD, D ^*,ˉD^*, D _s,ˉD_s in the medium and vacuum, respectively. The modifications of the open charm vector mesons in the nuclear medium are found to be rather moderate or even small such that dilepton spectroscopy will require an invariant mass resolution of a few MeV. Furthermore, the elastic and inelastic interactions of the open charm mesons in the medium are taken into account, which can be related to (u, d )-, s- or c-quark exchange with nucleons. It is found that by studying the D/ˉD ratio for low momenta in the laboratory ( ? 2 - 2.2 GeV/c) as a function of the target mass A stringent constraints on the c-quark exchange cross-section can be obtained. On the other hand, the ratios D ^- _s/D ⁺ _s as well as D/D ^- _s and D/D ⁺ _s at low momenta as a function of A will permit to fix independently the strength of the s-quark exchange reaction in D ^- _s N scattering. Received: 1 March 2002 / Accepted: 21 March 2002     

Ne原子与H2分子碰撞的同位素替代效应研究

使用密耦近似（Close-Coupling）方法、采用Tang-Toennies势模型计算了惰性气体原子Ne与H₂分子及同位素D₂分子在碰撞能量为83.8 meV时的微分散射截面及分波截面, 并与实验值和文献值进行比较.计算得到的微分散射截面值与实验值符合得较好,分波截面值与文献值也相符合.使用同样的方法和模型,文中对Ne-H₂(D₂,T₂)三个体系的微分截面和分波截面进行了系统计算和比较分析,得出对称同位素替代碰撞体系的散射截面规律.     

Cl(2P)+D2→DCl+D反应中波恩-奥本海默近似有效性的交叉分子束研究

本文利用高分辨的里德堡态氘原子标识-交叉分子束装置,研究了碰撞能为4.5∽6.5 kcal/mol范围内Cl(²P)[Cl(²P_3/2)和Cl^*(²P_1/2)]与D₂的反应. 虽然自旋轨道激发态反应Cl^*(²P_1/2)+D₂在波恩-奥本海默(B-O)近似下本应是禁阻的,但实验中观测到了该反应的贡献. 通过测量靠近后向的碰撞能相关的微分散射截面连线,发现低碰撞能下的产物主要来自于B-O近似禁阻的反应Cl^*+D₂. 随着碰撞能的提高,自旋轨道基态反应Cl+D₂的反应性增加明显要比自旋轨道激发态反应Cl^*+D₂更快,并且在高碰撞能下成为产物的主要来源. 实验结果表明：在低碰撞能下,Cl^*中自旋轨道激发态的额外能量,可以帮助B-O近似禁阻的反应Cl^*+D₂越过势垒;然而当碰撞能接近和高于反应势垒时,B-O近似允许的反应Cl+D₂占主导地位. Cl/Cl^*+D₂反应中B-O近似有效性的特征与其同位素反应Cl/Cl^*+H₂是一致的.     

交叉分子束实验研究F+D2(v=1, j=0)反应

本文使用交叉分子束方法研究了氟原子和振动激发态氘分子D₂(v=1, j=0)的反应. 使用受激拉曼抽运的方法制备了振动激发的D₂分子. 实验中未观测到来自于旋轨耦合激发态氟原子F^*(²P_1/2)与振动激发态D₂分子的贡献. 观测到来自于旋轨耦合基态氟原子F(²P_3/2)和振动激发态D₂的反应信号,相应的产物DF分子布居于v''=2,3,4,5振动态上. 与振动基态反应F+D₂(v=1,j=0)相比,振动激发态反应F+D₂(v=1,j=0)生成的DF产物转动分布更“热”. 获得了振动激发反应的四个碰撞能在0.32至2.62 kcal/mol范围内的微分反应截面. 在最低的碰撞能0.32 kcal/mol下,所有振动态的DF产物都以后向散射为主. 随着碰撞能的增加,DF产物的角分布逐渐从后向转移到侧向. 测量了DF(v''=5)产物的前向微分散射截面随碰撞能变化的曲线. 前向散射的DF(v''=5)信号出现于1.0 kcal/mol. 在2.62 kcal/mol碰撞能下DF(v''=5)主要为前向散射.     

Numerical analysis of the azimuthal periodicity in the two lowest order modes of microstructured fibres applied to the precise determination of the cutoff wavelength

The azimuthal far-field analysis technique (AFFAT) is one of the only two methods reported to date, able to measure the cutoff wavelength λ_c in microstructured fibres (MOFs). The measurement is operated through a parameter D which is related to the modulation of the power crossing a rotating slit at the output of the tested fibre. In standard fibres, the criterion of the CEI/IEC 793-1-C7A normalised method (i.e., 2.25% of the output power carried by the second mode) is expressed by the unchanged −16.4 dB value of D(λ_c). In this paper, we show that this criterion is expressed in MOFs by a value of D which strongly depends on the geometrical parameters of the fibre and on the launching conditions at the input. However, we demonstrate that, with a slightly relaxed criterion corresponding to 10% of the output power carried by the second mode at λ_c, D remains close to −10 dB whatever the considered MOF. Thus, this constitutes a universal decision criterion allowing to determine λ_c in any classical MOF, by means of the AFFAT, with a very limited uncertainty.     

On the Entropy of Schwarzschild Space-Time

In a previous paper by Pollock and Singh, it was proven that the total entropy of de Sitter space-time is equal to zero in the spatially flat case K=0. This result derives from the fundamental property of classical thermodynamics that temperature and volume are not necessarily independent variables in curved space-time, and can be shown to hold for all three spatial curvatures K=0,±1. Here, we extend this approach to Schwarzschild space-time, by constructing a non-vacuum interior space with line element ds ²=e^2λ(r) dt ²?e^?2λ(r) dr ²?r ²(dθ ²+sin² θd? ²), where $\mathrm{e}^{2{\lambda }(r)}=-\frac{1}{2}(1-\frac{r^{2}}{R_{0}^{2}})$ , which matches onto the vacuum exterior Schwarzschild metric in such a way that e^2λ and d(e^2λ )/dr are both continuous at the Schwarzschild radius R ₀=2M. Then we show that the volume entropy is equal to A/4, where $A\equiv 4\pi R_{0}^{2}$ is the area of the apparent horizon, as found by Hawking.     

Pressure broadening studies on the 33D1-2 3P0 helium line by saturated-absorption techniques

Broadening and shift measurements on the 3³D₁?2³P₀ component of the helium line at λ=587.5 nm are reported. The saturated-absorption method is used. Measurements are performed at room temperature and at liquid nitrogen temperature. Homogeneous broadening constants are deduced from an analysis taking into account the effect of weak velocity-changing collisions. Broadening and shift constants are interpreted in term of a Lennard-Jones interaction potential. The very small shifts observed show the predominance of the repulsive core effect in the interaction potential.     

Sphalerons on orbifolds

In this work, we study the electroweak sphalerons in a 5D background, where the fifth dimension lies on an interval. We consider two specific cases: flat space-time and the anti-de Sitter space-time compactified on S ¹/Z ₂. In our work, we take the SU(2) gauge–Higgs model, where the gauge fields reside in the 5D bulk; but the Higgs doublet is confined in one brane. We find that the results in this model are close to those of the 4D Standard Model (SM). The existence of the warp effect, as well as the heaviness of the gauge Kaluza–Klein modes make the results extremely close to the SM ones.     

Finite-size crossover in systems with slab geometry

A renormalization group study of the finite-size (dimensional) crossover is carried out with the help pf ε = 4 − d and ε₀ = 3 − d expansion techniques. The finite-size crossover and the invariance relation for the length scale transformation are proven up to the two-loop approximation. The formal equivalence between the finite-size crossover in classical systems and the quantum-to-classical dimensional crossover in certain quantum statistical models is emphasized and exploited. The finite-size corrections to the fluctuation shift of the critical temperature and the width of the critical region are investigated. It is shown that the shift exponent λ describing the fractional rounding of the critical temperature obeys the relation λ = D − 2, where D is the dimensionality of the system.     

Higher dimensional cosmologies

Einstein equations are derived for D-dimensional space-time that spontaneously compactify to the product M⁴ × Π_{i = 1}^α M^d_i in which the metric is taken to be of the generalized Robertson-Walker form. Cosmological solutions for these equations are studied with power law, oscillatory and exponential behaviour for the D-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell, N = 2, D = 10 and N = 1, D = 11 supergravity models. In the Einstein-Maxwell case the presence of a cosmological constant forces the extra dimensions to be static. Nevertheless, it is possible to find solutions with vanishing effective 4 dimensional cosmological constant with an expanding 4-dimensional space-time. In the supergravity models the requirement of having compact extra dimensions restricts the solutions to have expansion only in the 4-dimensional space-time. Matter contribution is added to the energy-momentum tensor in an attempt to find new solutions.     

固定边矩形板的弯曲问题

The problem of bending of orthotropic rectangular plates with clamped edges on elastic foundation may be reduced to the following differential equation and boundary conditions (?⁴w)/(?x⁴)+2λ(?⁴w)/(?x²?y²)+(?⁴w)/(?y⁴)+kw=q/D. w=0, (?w)/(?x)=0 at x=±a, w=0, (?w)/(?y)=0, at y=±b. In the case of isotropic plates, λ = 1. In this paper a perturbation method is proposed for the solution of this problem fay expanding w in power series of λ: w=w₀+w₁λ+w₂λ²+……. It is proved that this series is convergent when -1 ≤λ≤1.     

Large deviations and Lifshitz singularity of the integrated density of states of random Hamiltonians

We consider the integrated density of states (IDS) ρ_∞(λ) of random Hamiltonian H_ω=?Δ+V_ω, V_ω being a random field on ? ^d which satisfies a mixing condition. We prove that the probability of large fluctuations of the finite volume IDS |Λ|^?1ρ(λ, H_Λ(ω)), Λ ? ? ^d , around the thermodynamic limit ρ_∞(λ) is bounded from above by exp {?k|Λ|},k>0. In this case ρ_∞(λ) can be recovered from a variational principle. Furthermore we show the existence of a Lifshitztype of singularity of ρ_∞(λ) as λ → 0⁺ in the case where V_ω is non-negative. More precisely we prove the following bound: ρ_∞(λ)≦exp(?kλ^?d/2) as λ → 0⁺ k>0. This last result is then discussed in some examples.     

Stability of proton and maximally symmetric minimal unification model for basic forces and building blocks of matter

With the hypothesis that all independent degrees of freedom of basic building blocks should be treated equally on the same footing and correlated by a possible maximal symmetry, we arrive at a 4-dimensional space-time unification model. In this model the basic building blocks are Majorana fermions in the spinor repre- sentation of 14-dimensional quantum space-time with a gauge symmetry GM4D = SO(1,3)×SU(32)×U(1)A×SU(3)F. The model leads to new physics including mirror particles of the standard model. It enables us to issue some fundamental questions that include: why our living space-time is 4-dimensional, why parity is not con- served in our world, how the stability of proton is, what the origin of CP violation is and what the dark matter can be.     

Relativistic star solutions in higher-dimensional pseudospheroidal space-time

We obtain relativistic solutions of a class of compact stars in hydrostatic equilibrium in higher dimensions by assuming a pseudospheroidal geometry for the spacetime. The space-time geometry is assumed to be (D − 1) pseudospheroid immersed in a D-dimensional Euclidean space. The spheroidicity parameter (λ) plays an important role in determining the equation of state of the matter content and the maximum radius of such stars. It is found that the core density of compact objects is approximately proportional to the square of the space-time dimensions (D), i.e., core of the star is denser in higher dimensions than that in conventional four dimensions. The central density of a compact star is also found to depend on the parameter λ. One obtains a physically interesting solution satisfying the acoustic condition when λ lies in the range λ > (D + 1)/(D − 3) for the space-time dimensions ranging from D = 4 to 8 and (D + 1)/(D − 3) < λ < (D ² − 4D + 3)/(D ² − 8D − 1) for space-time dimensions ≥9. The non-negativity of the energy density (ρ) constrains the parameter with a lower limit (λ > 1). We note that in the case of a superdense compact object the number of space-time dimensions cannot be taken infinitely large, which is a different result from the braneworld model.