共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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微机扫描黑体辐射实验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
利用微机扫描光栅光谱仪和溴钨灯进行黑体辐射实验研究,验证了黑体辐射的基本规律;论证了黑体辐射实验方法的可行性,分析了黑体的辐射、传递和接收以及正弦机构等器件的性能和误差修正问题. 相似文献
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利用HFY-200BII型黑体辐射源和相应的热辐射探测器以及微伏特计搭建了一套组合式黑体辐射实验装置,通过该装置验证了黑体辐射的基本规律,论证了黑体辐射实验方法的可行性. 相似文献
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黑体辐射中两类粒子的辐射规律 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
考虑到相对论效应,采用量子统计的方法,得到了满足Bose-Einstein统计分布和Fermi-Dirac统计分布的两类粒子的黑体辐射公式(包括Planck黑体辐射公式).发现辐射谱不仅与黑体的辐射温度有关,还与辐射粒子的能量、化学势和种类有关.辐射强度与辐射粒子的能量、静质量、简并因子有关。 相似文献
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中国计量科学研究院引进了高温黑体BB3500M作为新的光谱辐射照度基准光源。黑体BB3500M包括辐射腔体和温度反馈系统。辐射腔体由一系列高温热解石墨环组成,可以加热至3 500 K。在光谱辐照度测量中,高温黑体的性能参数和温度测量至关重要。对于黑体的性能参数,着重考察了黑体温度的稳定性和腔底温度的均匀性。在将高温黑体的光谱辐射照度传递给工作标准灯时,黑体的温度可能发生改变。实验观测了一小时内黑体的温度漂移情况。当高温黑体加热至3 016 K时,采用温度反馈系统的BB3500M稳定在0.3 K。实验光路中设置了限制光栏,用于屏蔽来自黑体腔壁的辐射。黑体腔底辐射环的温度均匀性优于0.2 K。在温度测量中,2 473 K以下的温度可以直接溯源到中国计量科学研究院热工处,对于更高温度的测量需要进行温度延伸。文中从普朗克公式出发,通过多波长亮度比较法进行了温度延伸。实验先在低温区进行延伸证实了方法的可能性,然后进行了高温区的温度延伸。 相似文献
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黑体辐射是近代物理史上一只会下金蛋的鹅,是近代物理的摇篮。黑体辐射研究的意义还在于这是唯一一个涉及c,k,h三个普适常数的物理情景。黑体辐射谱抗测量误差的特性带来了辐射标准和绝对温度参照,谱分布公式对模型的不敏感则使得黑体辐射成为独特的物理研究母题。黑体辐射谱分布公式,普朗克多角度推导过,德拜推导过,艾伦菲斯特推导过,劳厄推导过,洛伦兹和庞加莱深入讨论过,泡利推导过,玻色推导过,爱因斯坦在20多年的时间里多角度推导过且产出最为丰硕,近代还有从相对论角度的推导,每一个角度的推导都带来了物理学的新内容,这包括量子力学、固体量子论、受激辐射、量子统计、相对论统计,等等。认真回顾黑体辐射研究的历史细节,考察其中的思想概念演化,不啻于体验一次教科书式的学(做)物理之旅,比如也可以尝试给出能量局域分立化的简单新证明。 相似文献
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模拟空间环境辐射定标技术主要用于卫星发射前对其所携带的多光谱扫描仪的响应特性进行辐射定标,为用户提供定标曲线。介绍了利用多个光源、多套定标光学系统的多光谱扫描仪辐射定标技术。多谱段光源系统由太阳辐照积分球和黑体组成,积分球用于可见光、近红外谱段的辐射定标,黑体用于远红外谱段的辐射定标。多谱段定标光学系统通过在真空低温环境下的精密传动机构切换反射镜位置,以离轴抛物面反射镜为中心形成两套光学系统,分别将积分球、黑体的辐射反射到扫描仪的入口,从而一次试验即可完成卫星多光谱扫描仪全谱段的辐射定标。 相似文献
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球形微粒子近场辐射换热研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
从偶极辐射理论出发,结合普朗克黑体辐射分布,推导出近场区热辐射分布。采用MC法模拟了两个纳米球形 村子的辐射换热,考察相天参数对近场辐射换热的影响。表明其辐射热流可比黑体辐射高8个数量级。其热流随间距的增 大急剧减小。小研究对于纳米粒子群的传热研究有积极意义。 相似文献
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A non-adiabatic model of single bubble sonoluminescence has been advanced through considering the energy dissipation caused by light emission. The bubble dynamical equations with a black-body radiation have been solved numerically. The results show that without introduciag any model parameter, this model not only can well reproduce the experimental phenomena in the time scale of microsecond of the adiabatic model can do, but also can obtain a 40-100 ps of flash duration and a 104 K effective temperature of the black-body radiation. These agree with the experiment quite well. 相似文献
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《Physics letters. A》1996,223(6):401-403
Using the Unruh-DeWitt detector, it is shown that a universal and continuous Lorentz transformation of temperature cannot exist for black-body radiation. Since any valid Lorentz transformation of temperature must be able to deal with black-body radiation, it is concluded that a universal and continuous temperature transformation does not exist. 相似文献
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In this paper I deal with an early phase of the history of research on black-body radiation. In this phase,
from 1880-1900, the American astrophysicist Samuel Pierpont Langley (1834-1906) invented and used
a key instrument, the bolometer, to measure for the first time radiation curves that displayed the
characteristic features of asymmetry and of a shifting of their maxima to shorter wavelengths with
increasing temperature. I emphasize the complex development of the construction of the bolometer and
the early experiments performed with it. I also discuss how these developments became important for
theoretical research on the black-body radiation formula. My aim is to show that the often-neglected
experimental part of the history of research on black-body radiation represents an important precondition
for the theoretical developments that followed. 相似文献
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Spherically symmetric static cosmological models filled with black-body radiation are considered. The models are isotropic
about a central observer but inhomogeneous. It is suggested that the energy density of the free gravitational field, which
is coupled to the isotropic radiation energy density, might play an important role in generating sufficient field (vacuum)
energy (when converted into thermal energy) and initiate processes like inflation. On the central world line the energy density
of the free gravitational field vanishes whereas the proper pressure and density of the isotropic black-body radiation are
constants. Further, it is shown that the cosmological constant is no more arbitrary but given in terms of the central pressure
and density. Also, at its maximum value the energy density of the free gravitational field is proved to be equal to one third
of the combined value of radiation pressure and density. 相似文献
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The black-body radiation is considered in a theory with noncommutative electromagnetic fields; that is noncommutativity is introduced in field space, rather than in real space. A direct implication of the result on cosmic microwave background map is argued. 相似文献
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An exact solution of the Einstein field equations for a combination of black-body radiation and an imperfect fluid, in which the geometrical background is a flat FRW metric, is presented. The solution exhibits an axial preferred direction along which the material content moves relative to the radiation field, the latter representing the cosmic background radiation. The solution is shown to be in excellent agreement with current observations. 相似文献
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It is shown that the effect of particle creation by a black hole is a consequence of the Casimir effect for a spherical shell. The temperature of black-body radiation coincides with that obtained by Hawking. 相似文献
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This paper reports that the directional temperature is used to present a scheme for deducing the velocity of the reference frame where the black-body which produces the 2.7 K radiation background is at rest.The new renormalized relativistic thermodynamics lays the foundations of the method. 相似文献
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空腔"黑体"辐射的简单模型及推论 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了一个简单的模型来描绘空腔辐射中腔壁与辐射场的能量交换,由此可以得到空腔辐射平衡场能谱的性质,基尔霍夫定律,以及空腔与黑体的关系. 相似文献