拟线性常微分方程组边值问题的奇摄动

本文研究拟线性常微分方程组边值问题x′=f(t,x,y,ε),εy″=g(t,x,y,ε)y′+h(t,x,y,ε), x(0,ε)=A(ε),y(0,ε)=B(ε),y(1,ε)=C(ε)的奇摄动.其中x,f,y,h,A,B和C均属于Rn和g是对角矩阵.在适当的假设下,利用对角化技巧和微分不等式理论获得了解的存在和它的按分量逐个一致有效的估计.     

具有非线性边界条件的奇摄动边值问题

本文研究如下的奇摄动边值问题: εx″=f(t,x,x′,ε) g(x(0),x′(0),ε)=A(ε),h(x(1),x′(1),ε)=B(ε),其中ε>0是小参数,f(t,x,y,ε),g(x,y,ε),h(x,y,ε),A(ε),B(ε)适当光滑。我们用微分不等式方法证明了解的存在唯一性,并给出了解的一致有效估计。     

含积分算子拟线性系统边值问题的奇摄动

研究奇摄动积分微分方程组边值问题εy"＝f(x,y,Ty,ε)y′++g(x,y,Ty,ε);y(0,ε)＝A(ε),y(1,ε)=B(ε)其中y、g、A和B均为n维向量函数,f是n×n矩阵函数,(Ty)(x)=∫xK(x,s,y(sε),ε)ds在一定假设条件下,利用对角化技巧和逐步逼近法证明解的存在,并给出解的直到0(εN+1)的渐近展开式.     

一类具有转向点的三阶微分方程的边值问题的解的高阶渐近展开

利用上下解方法,研究如下一类具有转向点的三阶微分方程的边值问题{ε~2y″′=f(t,y,ε)y″ g(t,y,ε)y′ h(t,y,ε),a相似文献   

非线性向量边值问题的奇异摄动

本文研究摄动边值问题dx/dt=f(x,y,t;ε),εdy/dt=g(x,y,t;ε),a₁(ε)x(0,ε)+a₂(ε)y(0,ε)=a(ε)b₁(ε)x(1,ε)+εb₂(ε)y(1,ε)=β(ε)这里x,f,β∈Em,y,g,a∈En,0<ε《1,a₁(ε),a₂(ε),b₁(ε),b₂(ε)为适当阶数的矩阵.在g_y(t)是非奇异矩阵及其它的适当限制下,证明了解的存在唯一性,作出了解的n阶渐近近似式,并得出余项估计.     

有限元求解一维奇异摄动问题

1 问题的引入 考虑边值问题 L_y≡-εy″+p(x)y′+q(x)y=f(x),x∈I≡(o,1), y(0)=y(1)=0, (1,1)其中ε是一常数,ε∈(0,1),p(x),q(x),f(x)是[0,1]上的光滑函数,且满足p(x)≥a_1>0,q(x)≥0,q(x)-(1/2)P′(x)≥a_2>0.以下用C和d表示一常数,仅依赖于p(x),q(x),f(x),与ε无关,在不同的地方它们可能代表不同的数. 引入双线性形式 B(u,v)=integral from n=0 to 1(εu′v′+pu′v +quv)dx,u,v∈H~1(I),及范数     

争鸣

问题问题109已知函数f(x)满足:f(x y) f(x-y)=2f(x)·f(y),且f(0)≠f(π2)=0,求f(π)及f(2π)的值.解法1令x=y=0,得f(0)=1.令x=y=π2,得f(π)=-1.令x=y=π,得f(2π)=1.解法2令x=y=0,得f(0)=1.令x=32π,y=π2,得f(2π)=-f(π).再令x=y=π,得f(2π) 1=2f2(π),∴2f2(π) f(π)-1=0.∴f(π)=12或f(π)=-1,从而f(2π)=-12或f(2π)=1.问题出在哪里?问题110人教版高一数学(上)P8,有下面一段话:容易知道,对于集体A,B,C,如果A B,B C,那么A C.事实上,设x是集合A的任意一个元素,因为A B,所以x∈B,又因为B C,所以x∈C,从而A C.这个证明严格吗?…     

MAXIMAL CALDERóN-ZYGMUND SINGULAR INTEGRAL ON RBMO

§1Introduction Letk(x,y)beafunctiononRd×Rd\{(x,y)∶x=y}whichsatisfiesthesize condition:|k(x,y)|≤C1|x-y|n,(2)andLipschitzcondition:thereexistsarealnumberγ>0,if|x-y|>2|y′-y|,|k(x,y)-k(x,y′)|+|k(y,x)-k(y′,x)|≤C2|y′-y|γ|x-y|n+γ.(3)Givenalocallyintegrablefunctionf,let Tε,Nf(x)=∫ε<|x-y|ε>0|Tε,Nf(x)|.HereT*f(x)maybeinfinite.Itisobviousthatlimε→0,N→∞T*ε,Nf(x)=T*f(x).Wesay k(x,y)aCalder n-Zygmundkerneli…     

一阶系统非线性边值问题的奇摄动*

本文应用比较定理研究了一类非线性边界条件的向量非线性奇摄动问题εx='f(t,x,y,e)εy'=g(t,x,y,ε)x(0)=A(ξ₁,ξ₂,x(1)-x(0),y(1)-y(0),ε)y(0)=B(ξ₁,ξ,x(1)-x(0),y(1)-y(0),ε)这里ξ₁,ξ₂为ε的函数。0<ε<<1,在适当的条件下,作出了任意次精度的渐近展式。并得出余项估计。     

UPPER SEMICONTINUITY OF ATTRACTORS FORTHE REACTION DIFFUSION EQUATION

1IntroductionInthepresentpaper,weconsiderthefollowingreactiondiffusionequation:at~vAn f(u) A0u g(x)=0,V(x,t)ERxR .(1.1).u(x,0)=u000,VxER,(1.2)andforO=(--n,n)withnEN,otu.~aam. f(,u.) A0u,, g(x)=0,V(x,t)EfixR .(1.3)u.(x,0)=.no.(x),VxeO,(1.4)un(~n,f)=un(n,t)=0,(1.5)whereuandAcarepositivenumbers,g(x)EL'(R),f:R~Risasmoothfunctionwhichsatisfiesf(u)u20,VatER,(1.6)f(0)=0,f,(0)=0,f'(u)2~C,VatER,(1.7)If'(u)I5C(1 fi4lp),p>0,V.uER,(1.8)Inthefollowing,wedenotebyH=L'(R)witlltheusualillnerpro…     

On the distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix

In this paper, the authors cosider the derivation of the exact distributions of the ratios of the extreme roots to the trace of the Wishart matrix. Also, exact percentage points of these distributions are given and their applications are discussed.     

多晶体光滑表面疲劳微裂纹形核机理研究

建立晶体学模型来研究多晶体承受均匀外载时光滑表面疲劳微裂纹形核的机理．由于晶粒取向的不相同,即使承受均匀外载,多晶体内将产生不均匀的应力,变形也不均匀A·D2在疲劳载荷的作用下,表面粗糙度随疲劳周次逐渐增加,变形逐渐集中到若干部位,即局部化,形成微裂纹．     

用常微分方程模型分析预防和隔离措施对SARS发病率的影响

通过建立常微分方程模型 ,分析了预防和隔离措施对 SARS发病率的影响 ,并把计算结果与实际统计数据进行了比较 ,结果表明 ,及时高效的预防和隔离措施能够有效地控制 SARS的传播 .     

Asymptotics of the distribution of the integral of the positive part of the Brownian bridge for large arguments

The double Laplace transform of the distribution function of the integral of the positive part of the Brownian bridge was determined by M. Perman and J.A. Wellner, as well as the moments of this distribution. The purpose of the present paper is to determine the asymptotics of this distribution for large values of the argument, and the corresponding asymptotics of the moments.     

Acceleration of the convergence of the Laguerre series in the problem of inverting the Laplace transform

When the Laplace transform is inverted numerically, the original function is sought in the form of a series in the Laguerre polynomials. To accelerate the convergence of this series, the Euler-Knopp method is used. The techniques for selecting the optimal value of the parameter of the transform on the real axis and in the complex plane are proposed.     

生态系统的参数确定问题

通过不同观测数据研究捕食者—被捕食者生态系统参数确定问题.研究了四种情形1.观察数据无误差,并已知一个参数值.这种情况下,参数可由其相轨线和最小二乘法精确确定.2.观察数据无误差,但所有参数未知.此时仅靠相轨线的研究,无论给出多少组精确数据,都无法精确确定这些参数.通过原非线性模型的数值计算和网格搜索法,至少需要4组数据,同样得到了精度较高的参数值.3.当观测数据有误差时,根据解的周期性,引入标准周期的概念,在一个标准周期里讨论参数的确定问题,并利用标准周期内的捕食者与被捕食者的数量均值与系统的平衡点的关系对参数进行修正,然后使用网格法进行搜索,进一步提高了参数的精度.4.当观测时间也有误差时,先选取相对最优的随机正态数对观测时刻进行修正,然后再利用3.的方法估计参数.     

On the degree of the inverse of an automorphism of the affine space

We study the degree of the inverse of an automorphism f of the affine n-space over a -algebra k, in terms of the degree d of f and of other data. For n = 1, we obtain a sharp upper bound for deg (f^{− 1}) in terms of d and of the nilpotency index of the ideal generated by the coefficients of f^′'. For n = 2 and arbitrary d≥ 3, we construct a (triangular) automorphism f of Jacobian one such that deg(f^{− 1}) > d. This answers a question of A. van den Essen (see [3]) and enables us to deduce that some schemes introduced by authors to study the Jacobian conjecture are not reduced. Still for n = 2, we give an upper bound for deg (f^{− 1}) when f is triangular. Finally, in the case d = 2 and any n, we complete a result of G. Meisters and C. Olech and use it to give the sharp bound for the degree of the inverse of a quadratic automorphism, with Jacobian one, of the affine 3-space.     

矩阵特征值、特征向量的确定

首先对由 A的特征值、特征向量求 A- 1 ,AT,A* ( A的伴随矩阵 )、P- 1 AP以及 A的多项式φ( A)的特征值和特征向量的结论作了个归纳 ;对相反的情形 ,我们给出了部分已有的结果 ,并通过四道例题着重讨论了如何由 φ( A)的特征值来求 A的特征值 .     

On the minimization of the product of the powers of several integrals

This paper considers the minimization of the product of the powers ofn integrals, each of which depends on a functiony(x) and its derivative . The necessary conditions for the extremum are derived within the frame of the Mayer-Bolza formulation of the calculus of variations, and it is shown that the extremal arc is governed by a second-order differential equation involvingn undetermined multipliers related to the unknown values of the integrals. After the general solution is combined with the definitions of the multipliers and the end conditions, a system ofn+2 algebraic equations is obtained; it involvesn+2 unknowns, that is, then undetermined multipliers and two integration constants.The procedure discussed here can be employed in the study of shapes which are aerodynamically optimum at supersonic, hypersonic, and free-molecular flow velocities, that is, wings and fuselages having the maximum lift-to-drag ratio or the minimum drag. The problem of a slender body of revolution having the minimum pressure drag in Newtonian hypersonic flow is developed as an example. First, a general solution is derived for any pair of conditions imposed on the length, the thickness, the wetted area, and the volume. Then, a particular case is treated, that in which the thickness and the wetted area are given, while the length and the volume are free; the shape minimizing the pressure drag is a cone.This research, supported by the Office of Scientific Research, Office of Aerospace Research, United States Air Force, Grant No. AF-AFOSR-828-67, is a condensed version of the investigation described in Ref. 1. The author is indebted to Messrs. H. Y. Huang, J. C. Heideman, and J. N. Damoulakis for analytical and numerical assistance.     

Examples of the influence of the geometry on the propagation of progressive waves

In this paper, we give examples of the influence of the domain of propagation on progressive waves. More precisely, we numerically investigate the propagation of reaction diffusion waves in cylinders with variable radius. We show that, when the radius rapidly expands from a very small radius to a larger one, depending on the viscosity and the nonlinearity, the travelling wave may be blocked. The aim of this paper is to give numerical illustrations and quantifications of this effect, and to propose some conjectures which could be interesting subjects for further mathematical investigations.This work is linked to the study of spreading depression (SD), a propagative mechanism in brain and various tissues which has been observed in vivo and in vitro in many species since their discovery in 1944 by Leao. As a matter of fact, their direct observation in Man is still controversial. The complex structure of gray and white matter in humans may block the propagation of SD over large distances in brain and thus explain the difficulty of observing it. Medical consequences of the current numerical studies are detailed in [M.A. Dronne, et al., Influence of brain geometry on spreading depressions: A computationnal study, Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology 97 (1) (2008) 54–59] and a first mathematical approach given in [M.A. Dronne, E. Grenier, H. Gilquin, Modelization of spreading depressions following Nedergaard, preprint, 2003].