新型钙钛矿铜氧材料Sr8 CaRe3 Cu4 O24的亚铁磁和轨道有序性质

用密度泛函理论和格林函数方法研究了新型钙钛矿铜氧材料Sr8CaRe3Cu44O24的电子结构和磁性性质.所得结果与实验符合得很好,表明这种材料是绝缘体,每个元胞有1.0μB的磁矩.磁矩主要在Cu原子上,相邻Cu原子上的磁矩反平行排列.非磁的Re原子使得Cu上的d轨道有序排列,这导致这种材料有很高的居里温度(TC≈440K).基于密度泛函的结果,用海森伯模型描述了材料的电子自旋自由度,并用格林函数方法研究了材料有限温度下的磁性行为,所得结果和实验一致,表明自旋为1和自旋为1/2磁矩交错排列的海森伯模型可很好地描述这种材料的磁性性质.     

Z型自旋梯子模型中的自旋波

应用Jordan-Wigner变换和格林函数方法讨论了带有组错的Z型自旋梯子模型中的自旋波、子晶格磁矩、内能及热容.对进一步研究Z型自旋梯子模型的磁性及热力学性质有一定的意义.     

掺杂Sr8 CaRe3 Cu4 O24:一种可能具有半金属性和大的氧磁矩的材料

用密度泛函理论方法仔细研究了新型钙钛矿铜氧材料Sr8CaRe3Cu4O24的电子结构和磁性性质，发现掺杂将使得这种材料表现出非常奇特的性质：（1）用W或Mo替代Re，将使得材料变成半金属，同时它的磁转变温度仍然很高；（2）对Sr8CaRe3Cu4O24进行空穴掺杂，也将使它变为具有高磁转变温度的半金属材料。更为奇特的是，空穴掺杂将导致O原子上有很大的磁矩。因此，Sr8CaRe3Cu4O24很有可能是一种有广阔应用前景的磁性材料。     

硅团簇自旋电子器件的理论研究

利用过渡金属掺杂的硅基团簇, 构建了一种自旋分子结; 并利用第一性原理方法, 对其电子自旋极化输运性质进行了研究. 计算表明, 通过过渡金属掺杂可以有效地产生自旋极化电流, 磁性金属Fe和非磁性金属Cr和Mn掺杂的体系呈现出较明显的自旋极化透射现象, 但分子结的自旋极化输运能力与团簇孤立状态下的磁矩无一致性.从Sc到Ni的掺杂, 体系的自旋极化透射能力先增大后迅速减小, 在Fe掺杂的Si₁₂团簇中出现最大值. 关键词： 硅团簇 自旋极化输运 密度泛函理论 非平衡格林函数     

Cr掺杂ZnO纳米线电子性质和磁性质

本文采用第一性原理密度泛函理论系统的研究了Cr原子单掺杂和双掺杂两种尺寸ZnO纳米线的电子性质和磁性质.所有掺杂纳米线的形成能都比纯纳米线的形成能低,表明掺杂增强了纳米线的稳定性.研究发现Cr原子趋于替代纳米线表面的Zn原子.所有掺杂纳米线都显示了金属性.纳米线的总磁矩主要来源于Cr原子3d轨道的贡献.由于杂化,相邻的O原子和Zn原子也产生了少量自旋.在超原胞内,Cr和O原子磁矩反平行排列,表明它们之间是反铁磁耦合.表面双掺杂纳米线铁磁态能量比反铁磁态能量低149 meV,表明Cr掺杂ZnO纳米线可能获得室温铁磁性.     

应变作用下EuTiO_3材料磁性的格林函数理论研究

基于自旋波和格林函数理论,研究了低温下二维应变诱导的EuTiO_3在铁电四方相下的磁性性质,主要讨论了在铁电四方相下Eu离子在铁磁性和反铁磁性有序时系统沿不同高对称性方向的自旋波散射和磁化.我们发现施加外加应变不仅可改变晶格结构的对称性,还可以通过改变电子自旋之间的交换耦合作用,进而改变该材料的磁性散射和磁化等.     

应变作用下EuTiO3材料磁性的格林函数理论研究

基于自旋波和格林函数理论,研究了低温下二维应变诱导的EuTiO3在铁电四方相下的磁性性质,主要讨论了在铁电四方相下Eu离子在铁磁性和反铁磁性有序时系统沿不同高对称性方向的自旋波散射和磁化。我们发现施加外加应变不仅可改变晶格结构的对称性,还可以通过改变电子自旋之间的交换耦合作用,进而改变该材料的磁性散射和磁化等。     

混合自旋反铁磁材料Y2BaNiO5的磁学和热力学性质

在格林函数的理论框架下，采用一维自旋为1的各向异性Heisenberg模型来讨论Y₂BaNiO₅材料的磁学和热力学性质.得到了它的自旋关联函数、低激发谱、基态能(E_g)、比热(C)和静态磁化率(χ)在不同交换各向异性因子下的性质，所得结果与实验和数值模拟结果完全一致. 关键词： Heisenberg模型 格林函数理论 Haldane能隙 反铁磁长程序     

低维纳米材料量子热输运与自旋热电性质 ——非平衡格林函数方法的应用

低维材料不断涌现的新奇性质吸引着科学研究者的目光. 除了电子的量子输运行为之外, 人们也陆续发现和确认了热输运中显著的量子行为, 如 热导低温量子化、声子子带、尺寸效应、瓶颈效应等. 这些小尺度体系的热输运性质可以很好地用非平衡格林函数来描述. 本文首先介绍了量子热输运的特性、声子非平衡格林函数方法及其在低维纳米材料中的研究进展; 其次回顾了近年来在 一系列低维材料中发现的热-自旋输运现象. 这些自旋热学现象展现了全新的热电转换机制, 有助于设计新型的热电转换器件, 同时也给出了用热产生自旋流的新途径; 最后介绍了线性响应理论以及在此理论框架下结合声子、电子非平衡格林函数方法进行的一些有益的探索. 量子热输运的研究对热效应基础研究以及声子学器件、能量转换器件的发展有着不可替代的重要作用.     

Sm1－xGdxA12低温下的磁性

分别测量了Sm1-xGdxAl2在低温下不同外加磁场时的电阻和磁化率.实验 结果表明，铁磁性物质Sm1-xGdxAl2在居里温度以下时，自旋磁矩和轨 道磁矩反平行有序排列，且对温度的依赖关系不同，导致在磁性抵消点出现自旋铁磁有序而 总磁矩为零的磁现象.并发现外加强磁场时自旋 轨道发生翻转. 关键词： Sm1-xGdxAl2 铁磁有序 自旋磁矩 轨道磁矩     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.