原子受激态的Stokes参数分析

根据密度矩阵理论,导出了受激原子态P态密度矩阵元和P态退激辐射的光子密度矩阵元的Stokes参数,它们之间存在一种非常简单直接的关系,说明在电子-光子符合散射实验中,通过测量光子的Stokes参数,就可以描述受激P态电荷云分布和散射过程的动力学。According to the density matrix theory, the density matrix of photon emitted from excited atom P state and of P state were introdued in this paper. There were a simple direct relation between the two density matrices, which shows that the electron cloud shape of excited atomic state and scattering dynamics can be described through the observable Stokes parameters of photon in electron-photon coincidence experiment.     

Isotropic Evolution of a JBD Anisotropic Bianchi Universe

I study the dynamical effects due to the Brans-Dicke scalar -field at the early stages of a supposedly anisotropic Universe expansion in the scalar-tensor cosmology of Jordan-Brans-Dicke. This is done considering the behaviour of the general solutions for the homogeneous model of Bianchi type VII in the vacuum case. I conclude that the Bianchi-VII₀ model shows an isotropic expansion and that its only physical solution is equivalent to a Friedman-Robertson-Walker spacetime whose evolution can, depending on the value of the JBD coupling constant, begin in a singularity and, after expanding (inflating, if > 0), shrink to another, or starting in a non-singular state, collapse to a singularity. I also conclude that the general Bianchi-VII _h (with h 0) models show strong curvature singularities producing a complete collapse of the homogeneity surfaces to 2D-manifolds, to 1D-manifolds or to single points. Our analysis depends crucially on the introduction of the so-called intrinsic time, , as the product of the JBD scalar field times a mean scale factor a ³ = a ₁ a ₂ a ₃, in which the finite-cosmological-time evolution of this universe unfolds into an infinite -range. These universes isotropize from an anisotropic initial state, thence I conclude that they are stable against anisotropic perturbations.     

利用纠缠密度研究光子禁带系统的纠缠演化特性

研究了一个二能级原子在光子禁带模型中的原子与热库间及热库模式间的纠缠动力学行为.利用全局纠缠的方法,引出与热库模式相关的纠缠密度.研究发现,当禁带是完美带隙时,会出现稳态原子布居数俘获现象,从而抑制原子的自发辐射效应,防止了信息传输过程中信息的流失.原子与热库模式之间的纠缠密度以及热库模式与模式之间的纠缠密度会随着原子与热库之间耦合强度的增加而增大.当取长时极限时,原子与热库模式之间的纠缠减为零.热库模式与模式之间在强耦合情况下,由于拉比分裂的作用,在两个对称模式间会形成较强的纠缠;在弱耦合情况下,只能在中心频率处形成纠缠.     

宇宙线大气簇射μ子定点密度及原初能谱“膝”的研究

用梁王山宇宙线观测站的数据研究宇宙线大气簇射μ子定点密度谱,谱呈现明显的拐折.通过MonteCarlo模拟,得到拐点对应的能量约为1.7×10¹⁵eV,拐点前后原初能谱指数差约为0.43,证实了KASCADE实验μ子定点密度谱呈现拐折的首次观测结果,又一次推证了原初宇宙线能谱膝的存在.     

Evolution on a Smooth Landscape: The Role of Bias

The role of mutational bias in evolution on a smooth landscape is investigated. We consider both a finite-length genome where the bias increases linearly with the fitness, and an infinite genome with a fixed bias. We present simulations of finite populations in a waiting time model, showing both the nonequilibrium dynamics and the equilibrium fitness distributions that are reached. We compute the equilibrium analytically in several cases, using approximate direct solution of the master equations and truncated hierarchies.     

非传统超导PuCoGa5晶体结构和电子性质的密度泛函理论研究

基于密度泛函理论的全势能线性缀加平面波方法（FLAPW）,采用局域自旋密度近似（LSDA）及LSDA+U方法报道了Pu基超导体系PuCoGa₅的晶格参数,原子占位和电子性质.LSDA+U方法不仅考虑Pu-5f而且考虑了Co-3d的库伦排斥作用U和Hund交换相关作用J.结果表明LSDA+U在同时考虑Pu和Co的强关联作用时晶格参数和原子占位与相关理论和实验数据吻合较好,特别是PuCoGa₅中Pu-5f的强定域特征尤其是自旋向下的电子.此外,Pu-5f与Co-3d电子的轨道杂化明显强于Ga-4p电子.     

Essay: Supersymmetry, the Cosmological Constant, and a Theory of Quantum Gravity in Our Universe

There are many theories of quantum gravity, depending on asymptotic boundary conditions, and the amount of supersymmetry. The cosmological constant is one of the fundamental parameters that characterizes different theories. If it is positive, supersymmetry must be broken. A heuristic calculation shows that a cosmological constant of the observed size predicts superpartners in the TeV range. This mechanism for SUSY breaking also puts important constraints on low energy particle physics models.     

随机电磁光束的广义斯托克斯参数实验测量

利用杨氏双缝和马赫曾德干涉提出一种检测随机电磁光束的广义斯托克斯参数的实验方法.部分相干光通过杨氏双缝后,用光阑、半波片和偏振片组成的马赫曾德干涉光路进行处理,检测干涉条纹的相干度和单个缝的光场强度,得到光束的交叉谱密度矩阵,进而得到光束的广义斯托克斯参数.实验结果表明,同方向偏振的光分量的空间相干度高于正交偏振方向的光分量.该方法可用于研究光束传播过程中的偏振特性和相干特性的变化.     

Role of the Density of Lower Laser Levels in the Control of Generation Parameters of a Copper Vapor Laser

The possibility of controlling the generation parameters of a copper vapor laser (CVL) by varying the density of metastable states of Cu atoms both during pulsed excitation and within interpulse periods is considered. It is shown that control of the CVL generation parameters could be carried out without disruption of laser thermal conditions, and the regime of varying the generation parameters is independent of the means of excitation of the active medium.     

电子散射的钠原子受激态取向参数研究

原子碰撞中的取向(orientation)参数的研究为原子碰撞动力学、原子受激态结构提供了丰富的信息.散射靶原子集合可用态多极(state multipole)描述，用它可以表征受激态原子的取向参数.通过取向参数与受激原子态退激的偶极辐射光子的Stokes参数之间的关系，可以进行实验与理论的比较.本文主要研究钠原子受电子散射S→P跃迁中取向参数，根据散射理论的扭曲波近似展开计算得到的散射振幅，带入态多极，然后计算钠原子3P态取向与散射角的关系及不同入射能下受激态取向参数变化特点，并与电子-光子符合散射实验所测数据进行比较.考虑到符合散射实验的测量困难，在误差范围内，理论分析与实验结果符合得比较好. 关键词： 取向参数 态多极 Stokes参数 电子-光子符合测量     

A Note on Friedmann Equation of FRW Universe in DeformedHo\v{r}ava-Lifshitz Gravity from Entropic Force

With entropic interpretation of gravity proposed by Verlinde, we obtain the Friedmann equation of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe for the deformed Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity. It is shown that, when the parameter of Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravityω→∝, the modified Friedmann equation will go back to the one in Einstein gravity. This results may imply that the entropic interpretation of gravity is effective for the deformed Ho\v{r}ava-Lifshitz gravity.     

单模CO2激光器动力学参数的实验研究

给出以失谐量对输出的影响来独立测定单模ＣＯ２激光器有关动力学参数的方法及所得结果。     

基于ZigBee的环境参数远程无线监控系统设计

针对室内环境参数的远程监控问题,提出一种基于ZigBee技术与手机进行实时数据交换的远程无线监控系统。传感器节点采集环境中的温湿度、光强和烟雾浓度数据,通过ZigBee无线网络将数据传输到中心协调器;协调器与WIFI模块通过串口连接,将数据发送到互联网;另外,设计Android手机软件对监测数据进行获取,并发出对参数进行调节的指令,从而完成远程的无线监控任务。经过测试,通过手机可以在任何有网络的地方实时对环境参数进行采集和控制,且各节点性能稳定,满足长期监测的需求。     

大气压微等离子体射流电子密度研究

采用微空心阴极放电装置,利用光学方法和电学方法研究了大气压流动Ar和N₂混合气体中产生的微等离子体射流特性。研究发现,随着电源输入功率增大到一定数值,微空心阴极装置中两个电极间气体发生击穿,通过击穿气隙气体的流动会沿着气流方向产生最大为4 mm的等离子体射流。放电电流为准连续的脉冲放电形式,其中放电电流脉冲宽度约为0.1 μs。分别利用爱因斯坦方程和等离子体发射光谱中谱线的Stark展宽方法计算了电子密度。结果发现,2种计算方法得出的微等离子体射流的电子密度均在1015·cm-3的量级。研究还发现,功率对微等离子体射流电子密度影响不大。利用气体击穿理论,对以上结论进行了定性分析。     

偶氮染料掺杂高分子PMMA薄膜的光学参数

在单晶硅片上,利用旋涂法,制备了偶氮染料掺杂高分子（ＰＭＭＡ）薄膜,可变入射角、波长扫描的全自动椭圆偏振光谱仪,研究了薄膜的复折射率、吸收系数和厚度,分析了影响薄膜电子光谱的因素。研究结果表明,该薄膜在４００～６００ｎｍ波长范围内,存在强而宽的吸收,并且发现分子聚集状态对该染料的吸收光谱有较大的影响。     

Unitary Operator and Density Matrix for a Ring of Coupled Oscillator Model

A unitary operator U which can directly diagonalize the Hamiltonian of a ring of N coupled oscillators is found. With use of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators we see that U includes a squeezing transformation. For large N it turns out that, except a zero-mode, the ring Hamiltonian has the same spectrum as the one-dimensional monatomic lattice model plus the Born-Von-Karmen boundary condition. The density matrix of this model is calculated by the U transformation, which further leads us to derive the heat capacity of the coupled oscillators in the large N limit.     

木榄醇手性光谱的密度泛函研究

手性光学理论研究有助于解释手性分子的旋光机理和设计新的手性药物.采用B3LYP方法,计算了木榄醇A—C的旋光度和圆二色谱.从分子结构、正则振动和电子结构方面,探索了分子手性微观起源,分析了旋光度和电子圆二色谱的溶剂效应.表明OH的引入可调节分子的手性,甲基和苯环加强了分子的手性.发生在手性骨架上的振动和电子跃迁,加强了分子的手性.溶剂效应减小旋光度、削弱电子圆二色谱. 关键词： 木榄醇 光学活性 密度泛函理论 圆二色谱     

密度分布对原子核阻止同位旋效应的影响

利用同位旋相关的量子分子动力学（IQMD）模型,分析了中能重离子碰撞过程中相对论平均场和SkyrmeHartrere－Fork等核结构模型给出的核密度分布对原子核阻止的影响。研究表明,从费米能到的较大能量范围内,无论小质量体系还是大质量体系,原子核阻止对同位旋相关的核子－核子碰撞截面都非常灵敏,而不同模型给出的核密度分布对原子核阻止影响不大,说明原子核阻止作为提取同位旋相关核子－核子碰撞截面的灵敏探针是与原子核结构模型无关的。 Influence of densitydistributionwhichisgivenbyRMFandSkyrme－Hartrere－Fork etalnuclearstructuremodelonnuclearstoppinginheavy－ioncollisionsatintermediateenergiesarestudiedbyusingisospin－dependentquantummoleculardynamics(IQMD)model.ResearchshowsthatrangeformtheFermienergytothelargerenergyof 100 Mev/u, for bothsmallandlargemasssystem,nuclearstoppingisfoundtobestronglydependentonthenucleon－nucleoncrosssections,andweaklyondifferentdensitydistribution.ThisshowsthatnuclearstoppingcanbeusedasaprobetoextracttheinformationontheisospindependenceN－Ncrosssectionsandhasnorelationshipwithnuclearstructuremodels.