BTF变色对其热安定性和与PVB等相容性的影响

通过光照制备了一定量的变色苯并三呋咱氧化物（BTF）,再分别采用差热（DTA）,差示扫描量热（DSC）,真空安定性试验（VST）等热分析方法,对变色前后的BTF进行了热安定性研究及与聚乙烯醇缩丁醛（PVB）等接触材料的相容性研究,并通过热重－红外等仪器分析手段,初步探讨了BTF与PVB之间的作用机理。     

微量杂质对苯并三氧化呋咱(BTF)感度影响研究

苯并三氧化呋咱(BTF)是一种由三叠氮三硝基苯(TATNB)经脱氮反应制得的零氧无氢炸药,90℃～120℃温度范围内动力学参数计算外推得到其贮存寿命大约是太安的1．5倍,桥丝感度与太安相当,需要的能量较小,并使发火的电压降低,其起爆性能、输出能量、机械感度、热安定性均     

耐热炸药TATB、PYX和LLM-105的热安定性研究

耐热炸药热安定性在其应用中具有重要作用。本文采用差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重(TG)、真空安定性(VST)等热分析方法,研究了TATB、PYX和LLM-105的热安定性,对TATB、PYX和LLM-105的热分解表观活化能进行了计算。实验结果表明,TATB、PYX和LLM-105在较宽的温度范围内具有较高的热稳定性,耐热温度都超过250℃。这三种炸药的热安定性顺序为:PYX略优于TATB,TATB优于LLM-105。     

3,5-二氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺及其衍生物的合成

分别以3,5-二氯苯胺为原料,经N保护、硝化、水解以及以1,3,5-三氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯(TCTNB)为原料,经叔丁胺化,再在三氟乙酸中脱叔丁基2种方法合成了3,5-二氯-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺。 与甲胺反应,合成了3,5-二甲氨基-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺,收率85%,再用混酸硝化合成了3,5-二甲硝胺基-2,4,6-三硝基苯胺的硝酸盐,收率70%。 采用核磁共振、质谱、红外和元素分析等进行了结构表征。 探讨了不同参数下TCTNB的氨化结果。 优化的条件为：n(TCTNB)∶n(叔丁胺)=1∶2,CuO为催化剂,KHCO3为碱。     

新型O-取代苯磺酰羟胺化合物的合成及其热性能

以O-取代苯磺酰氯和乙酰羟肟酸乙酯为原料，经消除、水解反应合成了6个新型的O-取代苯磺酰羟胺化合物：O-2-硝基苯磺酰羟胺、O-3-硝基苯磺酰羟胺、O-2,4-二硝基苯磺酰羟胺、O-2,4-二甲基苯磺酰羟胺、O-2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酰羟胺和O-2,4,6-三异丙基苯磺酰羟胺，其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和元素分析表征。并初步探讨了可能的反应机理。利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)研究了化合物的热性能。结果表明：苯环上取代基供电子能力越强，化合物的热稳定性越好。     

用差热分析法研究铜（Ⅱ）离子对人血清白蛋白热变性的影响

用差热分析法研究铜（Ⅱ）离子对人血清白蛋白热变性的影响曾成鸣，丁敏，孙凡（重庆医科大学检验系，重庆，６３００４６）（西南农业大学基础部，重庆，６３０７１６）关键词：白蛋白，铜，热变性，差热分析热分析技术已被广泛用于生物物质在各种条件下的热力学性质的研...     

在线测量电池充放电过程热功率的量热计

由于锂离子电池安全问题的严重性，它的热性质一直受到很大重视。对电池的热性质表征，传统方法主要包括单组分的热重（TG）、示差扫描（DSC）、加速量热法（ARC）等测量。由于体积较大，对于整池的热物性研究主要依赖于加速量热仪或充电／放电过程的温度检测。整池充放电过程的热耗散／吸收过程只能利用热导式量热计进行，如我们曾利用Calvet量热计对AA型Ni-MH电池在充放电过程中的热耗散进行过研究。     

脂肪二胺对热致液晶聚酯酰亚胺热行为的影响

用差示扫描量热法和热重法研究了热致液晶聚酯酰亚胺（ＰＥＩ）中己二胺（Ｃ６）、戊二胺（Ｃ５）以及癸二胺（Ｃ１０）组成对ＰＥＩ的相转变温度、玻璃化转变温度（Ｔｇ）和热稳定性的影响。     

高热安定型碳氢燃料的理论设计与制备

结合碳氢燃料的组成-性质关系和喷气燃料的基本理化性质指标,建立了高热安定性碳氢燃料的设计方法.通过碳氢燃料烃族组成(直链烷烃、异构烃、环烷烃、芳烃)和性质关系的三角相图,确定符合吸热型碳氢燃料基本理化性质(密度、闪点、冰点、热值与热安定性)的烃族组成域.对4种燃料样品的热安定性研究表明,在确定的组成域内燃料的热安定性优于RP-3,证实了燃料理论设计方法的可靠性.     

绿色三氨基三硝基苯的热安定性研究

三氨基三硝基苯（ＴＡＴＢ）是目前使用的钝感高能炸药。该炸药在受光照射后，将发生颜色的变化，从黄色、绿色十黑色。由于ＴＡＴＢ的广泛应用，这种变化在钝感高能炸药研究、使用、储存等过程中，对它的热安定性能以及与接触材料的相容性影响越来越引起人们的重视。我们曾利用现代表面分析手段对ＴＡＴＢ变色的原因以及变色后产生绿色ＴＡＴＢ的分子结构进行了研究［‘］，经研究表明：ＴＡＴＢ颜色变化的主要原因是ＴＡＴＢ表面分子受光照后，吸收能量变为激发态分于，促使电子跃迁，形成游离基。Ｄａｖｉｄ、Ｆｉｓｉｃｈ等［‘叭在研究…     

Thermo-kinetic studies of NaN3/KNO3 air bag gas generant mixture

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - This paper addresses the thermal behavior of commonly used NaN3/KNO3 gas generant mixtures under different heating rates using simultaneous thermal...     

Energetic Co-Crystal of a Primary Metal-Free Explosive with BTF. Ideal Pair for Co-Crystallization

Co-crystallization is an elegant technique to tune the physical properties of crystalline solids. In the field of energetic materials, co-crystallization is currently playing an important role in the engineering of crystals with improved performance. Here, based on an analysis of the structural features of the green primary explosive, tetramethylammonium salt of 7-oxo-5-(trinitromethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrotetrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-ide (1), a co-former such as the powerful secondary explosive, benzotrifuroxan (BTF, 2), has been proposed to improve it. Compared to the original 1, its co-crystal with BTF has a higher detonation pressure and velocity, as well as an initiating ability, while the impact sensitivity and thermal stability remained at about the same level. Both co-formers, 1 and 2, and co-crystal 3 were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and their crystal packing was analyzed in detail by the set of approaches, including periodic calculations. In the co-crystal 3, all intermolecular interactions were significantly redistributed. However, no new types of intermolecular interactions were formed during co-crystallization. Moreover, the interaction energies of structural units in crystals before and after co-crystallization were approximately the same. A similar trend was observed for the volumes occupied by structural units and their densifications. The similar nature of the organization of the crystals of the co-formers and the co-crystal gives grounds to assert that the selected co-formers are an ideal pair for co-crystallization, and the invariability of the organization of the crystals was probably responsible for the preservation of some of their properties.     

不同碱金属叠氮化物对层状晶体β-MNCl(M=Zr,Hf)电子掺杂的影响

Layer-structured crystals of β-MNCl (M=Zr,Hf) could be electron-doped by reactions with different alkali metal azides RN3 (R=Li,Na,K,Rb), and controlling the amounts with the molar ratios of azides to β-MNCl. All the prepared compounds show superconductivity with the same transition temperatures at 13.5 K for β-ZrNCl and 23.5 K for β-HfNCl. However the different alkali metal azides RN3 show different reactivity with β-MNCl, and the properties of the products such as superconducting fractions, the lattice constant, and stability against thermal or air, are very dependent on the kinds of alkali metals used. Based on the the results of SQUID measurements, it can be concluded that NaN3 and KN3 are the best react agents for β-ZrNCl and β-HfNCl respectively.     

Nitrogen‐Rich Energetic Dianionic Salts of 3, 4‐Bis(1H‐5‐­tetrazolyl)furoxan with Excellent Thermal Stability

Nitrogen‐rich 3, 4‐bis(1H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)furoxan (H₂BTF, 2 ) and its energetic salts with excellent thermal stability were successfully synthesized and fully characterized by ¹H, and ¹³C NMR, and IR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and elemental analyses. Additionally, the structures of barium ( 3 ) and 1‐methyl‐3, 4, 5‐triamino‐triazolium ( 10 ) salts were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The densities of the energetic salts paired with organic cations range between 1.56 and 1.85 g · cm^–3 as measured by a gas pycnometer. Based on the measured densities and calculated heats of formation, the detonation pressures and velocities are calculated to be in the range 23.4–32.0 GPa and 7939–8915 m · s^–1, which make them competitive energetic materials.     

Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane promoted radical reaction and electron-transfer reaction in benzotrifluoride

Tris(trimethylsilyl)silane (TTMSS) promoted free radical reaction in benzotrifluoride (BTF) was investigated. Compared to same reaction using environmentally less desirable tri-n-butyltin hydride (TBTH) in benzene, less quantity of BTF than that of benzene can be used because of slower hydrogen atom transfer from TTMSS than that from TBTH toward primary alkyl radicals. Also, electron-transfer reactions promoted by tris(p-bromophenyl)aminium hexachloroantimonate (TBPA) and FeCl₃ were conducted in BTF. Then, TBPA was found to be effective in BTF comparably to that in methylene chloride. In addition, an interesting observation that FeCl₃ promoted reaction was accelerated by the addition of imidazolium salt was made. All the results suggest that BTF is a tolerable solvent for free radical reaction with TTMSS and electron-transfer reactions using TBPA as well as FeCl₃.     

New Regional Editor

Thermal decomposition of an agrowaste, namely banana trunk fibers (BTF) were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) up to 900 °C at different heating rates (from 5 to 100 °C/min). The BTF was subjected to modification by means of various known chemical methods (mercerization, acetylation, peroxide treatment, esterification, and sulfuric acid treatment). Various degradation models, such as the Kissinger, Friedman, and Flynn–Wall–Ozawa were used to determine the apparent activation energy. The obtained apparent activation energy values (149–210 kJ/mol) allow in developing a simplified approach to understand the thermal decomposition behavior of natural fibers as a function of polymer composite processing.     

紫外光解强化生物滤塔去除疏水性α-蒎烯的传质及降解动力学分析

利用紫外光解（UV）作为预处理工艺来强化生物过滤塔（BF）和生物滴滤塔（BTF）对疏水性化合物α-蒎烯的去除,基于试验数据对滤塔内α-蒎烯的传质行为和微生物活性进行了模型和理论分析.Michaelis-Menten动力学分析表明,α-蒎烯在UV-BTF内的气相饱和常数为1.0gm-3,是其在BTF内的20倍,而α-蒎烯在BF内的气相饱和常数略大于UV-BF内相应数值.UV-BTF的理论临界进气浓度为555.22mgm-3,高于其他处理系统.微生物代谢活性和比耗氧速率分析表明,UV-BTF内的微生物世代时间明显缩短,α-蒎烯及其光解产物的最大比耗氧速率分别达到了1.16、0.34、0.41和0.25mgO2mg-1DWh-1,略高于其他处理系统中相应数值的150%-200%.以上模型拟合数据从理论上说明UV光解工艺能减轻α-蒎烯在BTF内的传质抑制效应,进而提高整体宏观去除能力;但是由于BF工艺的自身特性和累积臭氧的毒害效应,UV光解不适合作为BF的预处理工艺.