The internal organization of star-shaped polystyrene macromolecules containing fullerene C60 as a branching center is studied via small-angle neutron scattering in deuterotoluene. Analysis of the experimental data
according to the Debye-Benoit approximation and the Fourier transformation of the momentum transfer dependences of scattering
cross sections for the linear PS precursor and stars is used to determine their molecular masses (9 × 103 and 5 × 104) and gyration radii (∼2.7 and ∼5.5 nm), the gyration radius of the arm (∼3.4 nm), and the average functionality of the star
(5.7). The behavior of scattering cross sections for the fullerene-containing polymer on the whole is described by the law
of scattering for stars with Gaussian arms (the Benoit model). However, at the local level (within one chain segment), the
fullerene center exerts a specific effect on the conformation of arms. As a result, their statistical flexibility decreases
and eventually the size of the star increases by ∼30%. This finding conflicts with the Daoud-Cotton theory. 相似文献
The effect of the fullerene C60 branching center on the structure and conformation of star-shaped polystyrenes with different arm lengths at equal concentrations in deuterotoluene (c = 1 g/dL) is studied by the method of small-angle neutron scattering. The analysis of neutron scattering for linear PS precursors and stars (the molecular masses of arms are ~7 × 103 and ~4 × 104) shows that the stars have ~6 arms that form a dense excluded-volume zone around a core inaccessible to other macromolecules. In low-molecular-mass stars (the molecular mass of the arm is ~7 × 103), strengthening of the static rigidity of arms is observed; as a result, the size of arms increases relative to the size of free PS chains in a good solvent. At a greater length of arms (M ~ 4 × 104), their individual properties are weakly pronounced in the correlation spectrum of the arm because of the interpenetration of arms, thereby demonstrating similarity in the structures of stars and their linear analogs. The mechanism controlling the effect of fullerene C60 on the conformations of stars via solvent structuring by fullerene is discussed. 相似文献
Since two interesting inorganic “host‐guest” polyoxomolybdates 1 and 2 have been reported previously, we have now succeeded in selectively isolating three new acetated “host‐guest” polyoxomolybdates 3–5, which considerably extend the range of structures in the cyclic polyoxomolybdate catalogue. 3 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P‐1 with a = 1.22235(1) nm, b = 1.52977(2) nm, c = 1.54022(1) nm, a = 113.746(1)°, β = 96.742(1)°, γ = 101.564(1)°, V = 2.51892(4) nm3, Z =1, Dc = 2.568 g. cm?3. 4 and 5 crystallize in the monoclinic system: P2(1)/n, a = 1.08298(2) nm, b = 1.54029(1) nm, c = 2.78893(5) nm, β =94.2730(10)°, V = 4.63929(12) nm3, Z = 2 and Dc = 2.671 g. cm?3 for 4, and C2/c, a =2.59907(8) nm, b = 1.65992(3) nm, c = 2.28473(7) nm, β‐93.4370(10)°, V = 9.8392(5) nm3, Z = 4 and Dc = 2.556 g. cm?3 for 5. The structures of 3, 4 and 5 consist of 18‐membered “host‐guest” polyoxoanions [ Na (X)2| ∈ |(μ3‐OH)4Moy8MoVI1052(μ2‐CH3COO)2]?(R+9 (X = CH3COO?for 3, DMF for 4 and H2O for 5), which are connected via Na* ions or hydrogen bonds into infinite extended frameworks. 相似文献
Critical concentrations of α-(1→3)-D-glucan L-FV-Ⅱ from Lentinus edodes were studied by viscometry andfluorescence probe techniques. The dependence of the reduced viscosity on concentration of the glucan in 0.5 mol/L NaOHaqueous solutions with or without urea showed two turning points corresponding to the dynamic contact concentration c_s andthe overlap concentration c~* of the polymer. The values of c_s and c~* were found to be 1×10~(-3) g cm~(-3) and 1.1×10~(-2) g cm~(-3),respectively, for L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solutions. The two critical concentrations of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/LNaOH aqueous solutions were also found to be 1.2×10~(-3) g cm~(-3) fbr c_s and 9.2×10~(-3) g cm~(-3) for c~* from the concentrationdependence of phenanthrene fluorescence intensities. The overlap concentration c~* of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueoussolutions was lower than that of polystyrene with same molecular weight in benzene, owing to the fact that polysaccharidetends to undergo aggregation caused by intermolecular hydrogen bonding. A normal viscosity behavior of L-FV-Ⅱ in 0.5 mol/L urea/0.5 mol/L NaOH aqueous solutions can still be observed in an extremely low concentration range at 25℃. 相似文献
A facile and efficient methodology for the formation of polymer‐fullerene networks via a light‐induced reaction is reported. The photochemical crosslinking is based on a nitrile imine‐mediated tetrazole‐ene cycloaddition reaction, which proceeds catalyst‐free under UV‐light irradiation (λmax = 320 nm) at ambient temperature. A tetrazole‐functionalized polymer (Mn = 6500 g mol−1, Ð = 1.3) and fullerene C60 are employed for the formation of the hybrid networks. The tetrazole‐functionalized polymer as well as the fullerene‐containing networks are carefully characterized by NMR spectrometry, size exclusion chromatography, infrared spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Furthermore, thermal analysis of the fullerene networks and their precursors is carried out. The current contribution thus induces an efficient platform technology for fullerene‐based network formation.
The self-assembly of a racemic exo-bidentate ligand 2,2'-bis(4-pyridylmethyloxy)-1,1'-binaphthyl, namely Rac-L, with cadmium(Ⅱ) salt gave rise to a new one-dimensional polymer, which has been characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The polymer crystallizes in a triclinic space group P-1 with unit cell parameters: a=0.6976(1) nm, b= 1.30160(14) nm, c= 1.71146(17) nrn.α= 105.141(3)°, β=94.263(5)°, γ= 100.405(4)°, V= 1.4633(2) nm^3, Z=2, C32H29CdCl2N2O4.5, M=696.88, Dc= 1.584 g/cm^3, F(000)=708,μ(Mo Kα)=0.972 mm^-1. The final R and wR are 0.0498 and 0.1282 for 5079 observed reflections with I≥2σ(I). 相似文献
Although the production of near-infrared (NIR)-absorbing organic polymers with an excellent nonlinear optical (NLO) response is vital for various optoelectronic devices and photodynamic therapy, the molecular design and relevant photophysical investigation still remain challenging. In this work, large NLO activity is observed for an NIR-absorbing bithiophene-based polymer with a unique head-to-head linkage in the NIR region. The saturable absorption coefficient and modulation depth of the polymer are determined as ∼−3.5×105 cm GW−1 and ∼32.43%, respectively. Notably, the polymer exhibits an intrinsic nonlinear refraction index up to ∼−9.36 cm2 GW−1, which is six orders of magnitude larger than that of CS2. The maximum molar-mass normalized two-photon absorption cross-section (σ2/M) of this polymer can be up to ∼14 GM at 1200 nm. Femtosecond transient absorption measurements reveal significant spectral overlap between the 2PA and excited state absorption in the 1000–1400 nm wavelength range and an efficient triplet quantum yield of ∼36.7%. The results of this study imply that this NIR-absorbing polymer is promising for relevant applications. 相似文献
Introduction As an important type of fungicides, triazole com-pounds are highly efficient, low poisonous and inward absorbent.1-3 At present, the studies on triazole deriva-tives are mainly concentrated on compounds with tria-zole as the only active group. The report on triazole compounds that contain both triazole group and other active group in a single molecule has rarely been found. Some pyrimidines have been used as highly efficient and lowly poisonous fungicides4 in controling powdery mi… 相似文献