The periodic contact problem for an elastic half-space

A method of solving the periodic contact problem for a system of indentors of arbitrary shape and an elastic half-space is proposed. Different versions of the arrangement of the indentors, at one and at several levels, are considered. The results are used to analyse the effect of the parameters of the microgeometry of the characteristics of a discrete contact and the stressed state of solids possessing regular microrelief.     

Effective media for periodic anisotropic systems

One considers the wave propagation in periodic anisotropic systems. For these systems, with the aid of a matrix method, one determines the effective media.Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov Leningradskogo Otdeleniya Matematicheskogo Instituta im. V. A. Steklova AN SSSR, Vol. 128, pp. 130–138, 1983.     

Theoretical analysis of discrete contact problems with Coulomb friction

A discrete model of the two-dimensional Signorini problem with Coulomb friction and a coefficient of friction F depending on the spatial variable is analysed. It is shown that a solution exists for any F and is globally unique if F is sufficiently small. The Lipschitz continuity of this unique solution as a function of F as well as a function of the load vector f is obtained. Furthermore, local uniqueness of solutions for arbitrary F > 0 is studied. The question of existence of locally Lipschitz-continuous branches of solutions with respect to the coefficient F is converted to the question of existence of locally Lipschitz-continuous branches of solutions with respect to the load vector f. A condition guaranteeing the existence of locally Lipschitz-continuous branches of solutions in the latter case and results for determining their directional derivatives are given. Finally, the general approach is illustrated on an elementary example, whose solutions are calculated exactly.     

Localization for random perturbations of anisotropic periodic media

We prove localization for random perturbations of periodic divergence form operators of the form ∇ · a_ω · ∇ near the band edges. Here a_ω is a matrix function which results from an Anderson type perturbation of a periodic matrix function.     

Perturbation theorems for periodic surfaces II

This paper is a continuation of Article which appeared in the previous issue of this journal. We present here the proofs of the main theorems stated in part I.     

Nielsen periodic point theory for periodic maps on orientable surfaces

Let denote a periodic self map of minimal period m on the orientable surface of genus g with g>1. We study the calculation of the Nielsen periodic numbers NPn(f) and NΦn(f). Unlike the general situation of arbitrary maps on such surfaces, strong geometric results of Jiang and Guo allow for straightforward calculations when n≠m. However, determining NPm(f) involves some surprises. Because fm=idFg, fm has one Nielsen class Em. This class is essential because L(idFg)=χ(Fg)=2−2g≠0. If there exists k<m with L(fk)≠0 then Em reduces to the essential fixed points of fk. There are maps g (we call them minLef maps) for which L(gk)=0 for all k<m. We show that the period of any minLef map must always divide 2g−2. We prove that for such maps Em reduces algebraically iff it reduces geometrically. This result eliminates one of the most difficult problems in calculating the Nielsen periodic point numbers and gives a complete trichotomy (non-minLef, reducible minLef, and irreducible minLef) for periodic maps on Fg.We prove that reducible minLef maps must have even period. For each of the three types of periodic maps we exhibit an example f and calculate both NPn(f) and NΦn(f) for all n. The example of an irreducible minLef map is on F₄ and is of maximal period 6. The example of a non-minLef map is on F₂ and has maximal period 12 on F₂. It is defined geometrically by Wang, and we provide the induced homomorphism and analyze it. The example of an irreducible minLef map is a map of period 6 on F₄ defined by Yang. No algebraic analysis is necessary to prove that this last example is an irreducible minLef map. We explore the algebra involved because it is intriguing in its own right. The examples of reducible minLef maps are simple inversions, which can be applied to any Fg. Using these examples we disprove the conjecture from the conclusion of our previous paper.     

Yield surfaces for non-homogeneous anisotropic shells of revolution

The state of stress in a rotationally symmetric shell is characterized by the direct stresses and moments in the circumferential and longitudinal directions. It is assumed that the material of the shell is rigid perfectly plastic and that the yield stress of the material varies over the thickness of the shell. The material has different yield stresses in tension and compression and the yield stresses in the principal directions have different values. The yield condition for the shell is obtained in terms of the stress resultants assuming that the material of the shell obeys the maximum shear stress criterion.     

An anisotropic flow law for incompressible polycrystalline materials

New and explicit anisotropic constitutive equations between the stretching and deviatoric stress tensors for the two- and three-dimensional cases of incompressible polycrystalline materials are presented. The anisotropy is assumed to be driven by an Orientation Distribution Function (ODF). The polycrystal is composed of transversally isotropic crystallites, the lattice orientation of which can be characterized by a single unit vector. The proposed constitutive equations are valid for any frame of reference and for every state of deformation. The basic assumption of this method is that the principle directions of the stretching and of the stress deviator are the same in the isotropic as well as in the anisotropic case. This means that the proposed constitutive laws are able to model the effects of anisotropy only via a change of the fluidity due to a change of the ODF. Such an assumption is justified to guarantee that, besides knowledge of the parameters involved in the isotropic constitutive equation, the anisotropic material response is completely characterized by only one additional parameter, a type of enhancement factor. Explicit comparisons with experimental data are conducted for Ih–ice.     

An anisotropic flow law for incompressible polycrystalline materials

New and explicit anisotropic constitutive equations between the stretching and deviatoric stress tensors for the two- and three-dimensional cases of incompressible polycrystalline materials are presented. The anisotropy is assumed to be driven by an Orientation Distribution Function (ODF). The polycrystal is composed of transversally isotropic crystallites, the lattice orientation of which can be characterized by a single unit vector. The proposed constitutive equations are valid for any frame of reference and for every state of deformation. The basic assumption of this method is that the principle directions of the stretching and of the stress deviator are the same in the isotropic as well as in the anisotropic case. This means that the proposed constitutive laws are able to model the effects of anisotropy only via a change of the fluidity due to a change of the ODF. Such an assumption is justified to guarantee that, besides knowledge of the parameters involved in the isotropic constitutive equation, the anisotropic material response is completely characterized by only one additional parameter, a type of enhancement factor. Explicit comparisons with experimental data are conducted for Ih–ice. Dedicated to Prof. L.W. Morland on the occasion of his 70^th birthday Received: July 6, 2004; revised: November 8, 2004     

Finite element analysis of a static contact problem with Coulomb friction

A unilateral contact problem with a variable coefficient of friction is solved by a simplest variant of the finite element technique. The coefficient of friction may depend on the magnitude of the tangential displacement. The existence of an approximate solution and some a priori estimates are proved.     

An example of nonuniqueness for the continuous static unilateral contact model with Coulomb friction

The aim of this Note is to propose an example of nonuniqueness for the continuous static unilateral contact model with Coulomb friction in linear elasticity. To cite this article: P. Hild, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 337 (2003).     

A class of dynamic contact problems with Coulomb friction in viscoelasticity

The aim of this work is to study a class of nonsmooth dynamic contact problems which model several surface interactions, including relaxed unilateral contact conditions, adhesion and Coulomb friction laws, between two viscoelastic bodies of Kelvin–Voigt type. An abstract formulation which generalizes these problems is considered and the existence of a solution is proved by using Ky Fan’s fixed point theorem, suitable approximation properties, several estimates and compactness arguments.     

Minimal surfaces associated with nonpolynomial contact symmetries

Two infinite sequences of minimal surfaces in space are constructed using symmetry analysis. In particular, explicit formulas are obtained for the self-intersecting minimal surface that fills the trefoil knot. __________ Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika (Fundamental and Applied Mathematics), Vol. 12, No. 7, pp. 93–100, 2006.     

Positive periodic solutions for a system of anisotropic parabolic equations

We consider a system of two degenerate parabolic equations with nonlocal terms and Dirichlet boundary conditions. More precisely, the degeneracy in each equation of the system is of the type r(x)-Laplacian where r(x) is a function depending on x∈Ω, where Ω is a bounded smooth domain of Rn. The system models the diffusion and the interaction between two different biological species sharing the same territory Ω. The paper provides conditions on the parameters of the problem that guarantee the coexistence of a T-periodic non-negative solution (u,v) with both non-trivial u,v.