气相色谱法测定溶剂型木器涂料中异佛尔酮含量

建立一种快速测定溶剂型木器涂料中异佛尔酮含量的气相色谱法。样品经乙酸乙酯提取,采用Rtx–1701毛细管色谱柱分离后,以十四烷作内标物,内标法定量。该方法中异佛尔酮质量浓度在10~200 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 98,方法检出限为10 mg/kg。样品平均加标回收率为92.2%~97.1%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.13%~1.25%(n=6)。该方法能有效地对溶剂型木器涂料中异佛尔酮进行定性、定量分析,而且具有简单、快速、准确、检出限低等特点,能满足实验要求。     

顶空固相微萃取–气相色谱–质谱法测定饮用水中9种嗅味物质

建立顶空固相微萃取–气相色谱–质谱法同时测定水中的2-甲基异莰醇、土臭素、2-异丙基-3甲氧基吡嗪、2-异丁基-3-甲氧基吡嗪、三氯苯甲醚、β-环柠檬醛、β-紫罗兰酮等9种嗅味物质。以内标法定量,嗅味物质在1~200 ng/L范围内线性良好,线性相关系数r~2为0.993 7~0.999 9,方法检出限为0.38~0.55 ng/L。水样的加标回收率为72.1%~130.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于10%(n=5)。同时对样品的保存期限、保存剂、余氯的影响进行了研究。该法适用于饮用水中嗅味物质的测定。     

吹扫捕集–气相色谱质谱联用法测定地表水中6种氯苯类化合物

建立吹扫捕集–气相色谱质谱联用法测定地表水中6种氯苯类化合物的方法。在水样中加入过饱和硫酸钠溶液提高吹扫捕集效率,通过吹扫捕集富集水样中的6种氯苯类化合物,解吸后用气相色谱–质谱联用法同时测定,内标法定量。6种氯苯类化合物在0~60μg/L范围内与定量离子色谱峰面积线性关系良好,线性相关系数为0.999 0~0.999 5,检出限为0.01~0.02μg/L,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.74%~3.83%(n=6),加标回收率为92.8%~97.9%。该方法操作简便,准确度高,重现性好,能够满足地表水中6种氯苯类化合物的同时测定。     

固相萃取-气相色谱质谱法测定水体中氯代多环芳烃

本研究建立了固相萃取-气相色谱质谱联用测定水体中6种Cl-PAHs的分析方法。采用poly-sery HLB固相萃取小柱对水样进行富集浓缩,用大体积采样器以2 mL/min的流速过柱,用6 mL的正己烷-二氯甲烷(4∶1,V/V)洗脱,气相色谱-质谱联用、选择离子扫描方式进行定性和定量分析,并采用内标定量法。在对应Cl-PAHs线性范围内的线性相关系数为0.9952~0.9997,检出限与定量限分别为0.013~0.592 ng/L和0.051~0.257 ng/L。除9-Cl Flu(加标回收率为34.4%~45.6%)外,其它Cl-PAHs的加标回收率为77.8%~105.4%。将本方法用于测定南京工业园区及周边水体中Cl-PAHs分析,测得其总浓度为23.594~106.374 ng/L。     

气相色谱法测定茶饮料中的乙酸苄酯

采用气相色谱法测定饮料中的乙酸苄酯含量。样品经提取定容后,在色谱柱中将乙酸苄酯、内标物正十二烷与其它组分分离,用FID检测器检测,以内标法定量。乙酸苄酯的加标回收率为72.7%~84.3%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.18%~3.43%(n=6)。     

气相色谱法测定溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量

建立测定溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量的气相色谱(GC)检测方法。样品在乙酸乙酯中超声提取,以ZB–WAX毛细管柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25 μm)为分离色谱柱,加入十四烷作为内标物,氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测,内标法定量。结果表明,环己酮的质量浓度在10~250 mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9。以阴性涂料样品为样品基质,加标平均回收率在92.5%~97.8%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差在0.87%~1.77%(n=7)之间,方法检出限为13 mg/kg。采用该方法对15种溶剂型涂料样品进行测定,其中11种检出环己酮。该方法能使目标化合物得到有效分离,分析时间短,重复性好,灵敏度高,适用于溶剂型涂料中环己酮含量的快速测定。     

ICP-MS法测定LED有机硅封装胶中铂

建立了混酸消解,ICP-MS法直接测定LED有机硅封装胶中Pt的分析方法,并对消解方法、ICP-MS工作参数及条件进行了优化和选择。LED封装胶用HNO_3+HClO_4+HF混酸体系消解后加入Cs为内标,用ICP-MS直接检测。方法的检出限为0.1 ng/mL,定量限为0.3 ng/mL。对5种不同含量水平的实际样品分析结果表明,RSD为0.8%~2.8%,加标回收率为96%~103.5%,满足分析的要求。     

吹扫捕集–气相色谱–质谱法同时测定环境水中101种挥发性有机物

建立吹扫捕集–气相色谱–质谱联用法测定环境水中101种常见挥发性有机物(VOCs)的方法。通过加热吹扫,样品水中的VOCs富集于捕集管中,以DB–624(60 m×0.25 mm,1.4μm)色谱柱分离,内标法定量。结果表明,101种挥发性有机物(VOCs)色谱分离效果良好,质量浓度在0.5~50 ng/mL范围内与色谱峰面积均呈线性关系,高沸点VOCs线性范围较窄。方法定量限(10 S/N)为0.11~0.77 ng/mL,均低于GB 3838–2002《地表水环境质量标准》、GB 5749–2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》及国外相关标准的限值。平均加标回收率在70.3%~123.6%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差不大于8.8%(n=6)。该方法快速、简便,适用于环境水中挥发性有机化合物的分析检测。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定汽车材料中7种苯系物

采用气相色谱-质谱法测定汽车材料中7种苯系物的含量。在气相色谱分离中用HP-5MS色谱柱为固定相,在质谱分析中采用全扫描和选择离子监测模式。以氘代苯-D6为内标物。7种苯系物的线性范围均为1 0~1 000ng,检出限(3s)在9~18ng之间。苯系物测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.81%~2.4%之间,加标回收率在99.0%~102%之间。     

大体积搅拌棒吸附萃取技术与热脱附-气相色谱-质谱法测定地表水中多环芳烃

基于搅拌棒吸附萃取(SBSE)技术建立了气相色谱-质谱测定地表水中16种多环芳烃(PAHs)的分析方法。该法采用多搅拌吸附棒同时富集,依次热脱附冷聚焦后进样的方式有效解决了搅拌棒吸附时间长、富集水样体积小等问题。优化后的结果表明,在0.2~10 ng/L范围内(萘为0.5~10 ng/L范围),16种PAHs的线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均0.99,方法检出限(MDL)为0.03~0.20 ng/L(萘为0.50 ng/L)。用该方法对钱塘江流域地表水进行测定,共检测出11种PAHs,含量为0.13~1.57 ng/L,不同添加水平下的加标回收率为75.6%~108.9%。该法可应用于地表水样品中该类物质的超痕量检测。     

Preparation of a novel sorptive stir bar based on vinylpyrrolidone‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate monolithic polymer for the simultaneous extraction of diazepam and nordazepam from human plasma

A new monolithic coating based on vinylpyrrolidone‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate polymer was introduced for stir bar sorptive extraction. The polymerization step was performed using different contents of monomer, cross‐linker and porogenic solvent, and the best formulation was selected. The quality of the prepared vinylpyrrolidone‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate stir bars was satisfactory, demonstrating good repeatability within batch (relative standard deviation < 3.5%) and acceptable reproducibility between batches (relative standard deviation < 6.0%). The prepared stir bar was utilized in combination with ultrasound‐assisted liquid desorption, followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for the simultaneous determination of diazepam and nordazepam in human plasma samples. To optimize the extraction step, a three‐level, four‐factor, three‐block Box–Behnken design was applied. Under the optimum conditions, the analytical performance of the proposed method displayed excellent linear dynamic ranges for diazepam (36–1200 ng/mL) and nordazepam (25–1200 ng/mL), with correlation coefficients of 0.9986 and 0.9968 and detection limits of 12 and 10 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and interday recovery ranged from 93 to 106%, and the relative standard deviations were less than 6%. Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of diazepam and nordazepam at their therapeutic levels in human plasma. The novelty of this study is the improved polarity of the stir bar coating and its application for the simultaneous extraction of diazepam and its active metabolite, nordazepam in human plasma sample. The method was more rapid than previously reported stir bar sorptive extraction techniques based on monolithic coatings, and exhibited lower detection limits in comparison with similar methods for the determination of diazepam and nordazepam in biological fluids.     

Molecularly imprinted polymeric stir bar: Preparation and application for the determination of naftopidil in plasma and urine samples

In this study, molecularly imprinting technology and stir bar absorption technology were combined to develop a microextraction approach based on a molecularly imprinted polymeric stir bar. The molecularly imprinted polymer stir bar has a high performance, is specific, economical, and simple to prepare. The obtained naftopidil‐imprinted polymer‐coated bars could simultaneously agitate and adsorb naftopidil in the sample solution. The ratio of template/monomer/cross‐linker and conditions of template removal were optimized to prepare a stir bar with highly efficient adsorption. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, selectivity, and extraction capacity experiments showed that the molecularly imprinted polymer stir bar was prepared successfully. To utilize the molecularly imprinted polymer stir bar for the determination of naftopidil in complex body fluid matrices, the extraction time, stirring speed, eluent, and elution time were optimized. The limits of detection of naftopidil in plasma and urine sample were 7.5 and 4.0 ng/mL, respectively, and the recoveries were in the range of 90–112%. The within‐run precision and between‐run precision were acceptable (relative standard deviation <7%). These data demonstrated that the molecularly imprinted polymeric stir bar based microextraction with high‐performance liquid chromatography was a convenient, rapid, efficient, and specific method for the precise determination of trace naftopidil in clinical analysis.     

Mercury speciation and analysis in drinking water by stir bar sorptive extraction with in situ propyl derivatization and thermal desorption-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A method for mercury analysis and speciation in drinking water was developed, which involved stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) with in situ propyl derivatization and thermal desorption (TD)-GC-MS. Ten millilitre of tap water or bottled water was used. After a stir bar, pH adjustment agent and derivatization reagent were added, SBSE was performed. Then, the stir bar was subjected to TD-GC-MS. The detection limits were 0.01 ng mL(-1) (ethylmercury; EtHg), 0.02 ng mL(-1) (methylmercury; MeHg), and 0.2 ng mL(-1) (Hg(II) and diethylmercury (DiEtHg)). The method showed good linearity and correlation coefficients. The average recoveries of mercury species (n=5) in water samples spiked with 0.5, 2.0, and 6.0 ng mL(-1) mercury species were 93.1-131.1% (RSD<11.5%), 90.1-106.4% (RSD<7.8%), and 94.2-109.6% (RSD<8.8%), respectively. The method enables the precise determination of standards and can be applied to the determination of mercury species in water samples.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中镉和总汞

建立电感耦合等离子质谱法测定土壤中镉和总汞的方法。土壤样品在电热板上用盐酸和硝酸于100℃低温消解,重量法定容,取上清液上机测定。镉和总汞含量分别在0.502~10.20 ng/g,0.212~5.010 ng/g范围内线性良好,相关系数(r2)大于0.999,土壤中镉和总汞的检出限分别为0.021,0.002μg/g,测定结果的相对标准偏差分别为1.99%,5.57%(n=6),加标回收率分别为97.5%~101.1%,87.5%~92.9%。该方法样品处理简单快捷,检出限低,准确度和精密度高,适合土壤中镉和总汞含量的测定。     

Simultaneous clinical monitoring of lactic acid, pyruvic acid and ketone bodies in plasma as methoxime/tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode

Simultaneous determination of lactic acid, pyruvic acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid for clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in human plasma (20 microL) was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode after generating methoxime/tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivatives. All of the targeted carboxylic acids were detected by characteristic fragment ions, which permitted sensitive and selective identification in the presence of co-extracted free fatty acids and other acidic metabolites at much higher levels. The method was linear (r>or=0.9991), reproducible (% relative standard deviation=1.2-5.8), and accurate (% relative error=-7.2-7.6), with detection limits of 0.05-1.7 ng/mL. This rapid, accurate and selective method using minimal plasma samples (20 microL) is useful in the clinical monitoring of lactic acidosis and ketone body formation in plasma.     

Measurement of perchlorate in water by use of an 18O-enriched isotopic standard and ion chromatography with mass spectrometric detection

A novel analytical method has been developed for the determination of 4-tert.-octylphenol (OP) and 4-nonylphenol (NP) in laboratory animal feed samples, which involves stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) followed by liquid desorption (LD) and column-switching liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (CS-LC-MS) with solid-phase extraction (SPE). The method required correction by stable isotopically labeled surrogate standards, deuterium 4-tert.-octylphenol (OP-d) and [2H5] 4-(1-methyl)octylphenol (m-OP-d5). A feed sample was homogenized with methanol by ultrasonication. After centrifugation, the supernatant was subjected to extraction for 120 min at room temperature (25 degrees C) using a stir bar coated with polydimethylsiloxane. After the extraction, the analyte was desorbed from the stir bar by LD using acetonitrile. Then, the liquid sample was analyzed by CS-LC-MS with SPE. The average recoveries from laboratory feed samples spiked with OP and NP at 20 ng g(-1) were 99.5 and 103.8%, respectively, with correction using the added surrogate standards. The limits of quantification were 1 ng g(-1) for OP and 5 ng g(-1) for NP in feed sample. The measurement of OP and NP in commercial laboratory animal feed samples resulted in the detection of sub ng g(-1) NP     

分散固相萃取结合液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中8种脂溶性着色剂

建立了饲料中8种脂溶性着色剂(对位红、苏丹红Ⅰ、苏丹红Ⅱ、苏丹红Ⅲ、苏丹红Ⅳ、苏丹红7B、苏丹红G、苏丹黄)含量的液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法。饲料样品中脂溶性着色剂经乙腈提取,离心后上清液采用分散固相萃取净化,净化液稀释后进行LC-MS/MS分析。样品测定时采用Acquity BEH C18色谱柱进行色谱分离,以0.2%甲酸溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子(ESI+)模式电离,多反应监测(MRM)模式检测,同位素稀释内标法定量。8种脂溶性着色剂在1.0~200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r~2)均大于0.998;在饲料中的方法检出限为5.0μg/kg,定量下限为10μg/kg。在10,50,500μg/kg加标浓度下8种脂溶性着色剂的回收率为102%~111%,批内相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.8%~8.0%,批间RSD为2.8%~7.8%。该方法能满足饲料样品中脂溶性着色剂监控的需要。     

Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as the coating of stir bar for sorptive extraction of bisphenol A in tap water

A unique stir bar coated with dummy molecularly imprinted polymers for bisphenol A was prepared by sol-gel technique. The scanning electron microscopic image of the coating presented a homogeneous surface with a thickness of about 57 ± 2.5 μm. The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of the coating proved the incorporating of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers with the sol-gel network. When used to extract bisphenol A from aqueous solution containing bisphenol A and its three analogs (4-tert-butylphenol, 4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl, and 3,3',5,5'-tetrabromo-bisphenol A). Dummy molecularly imprinted polymers-coated stir bar showed better selectivity than the bars coated with polydimethylsiloxane or non-imprinted polymers. The extraction conditions including stirring speed, pH, and extraction time were optimized. After back extraction with methanol, the extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. The linear range was 0.0228-0.456 ng/mL with correlation coefficient of 0.9994 and the detection limit was about 5.70 × 10(-3) ng/mL based on three times ratio of signal-to-noise. The method was applied to the determination of trace bisphenol A in tap water.     

气相色谱-离子阱串联质谱法检测大气颗粒物中12种多氯联苯

建立了大气颗粒物中的12种二噁英类多氯联苯的气相色谱/离子阱串联质谱检测方法。优化后的方法定性定量准确度达到最优,12种多氯联苯的方法检出限为0.20~2.00ng/mL,标准曲线相关系数(R2)为0.9901~0.9992,加标回收率为69%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.17%~7.94%(n=6)。对4份兰州实际大气样品的检测结果表明,建立的方法灵敏度高、抗干扰能力强,适用于目标化合物含量低、基质背景干扰严重的大气样品分析。     

应用搅拌棒吸附萃取-热脱附-气相色谱-质谱测定烟叶和茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

应用搅拌棒吸附萃取(SBSE)技术分别萃取烟叶和茶叶中的5种拟除虫菊酯,并利用热脱附系统将萃取到的物质进行热脱附,然后通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)进行分析测定。实验过程中对影响SBSE的因素及影响热脱附的条件进行了优化。在优化条件下,采用外标法分别对烟叶和茶叶中的5种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留进行了定量分析。结果表明,烟叶中5种拟除虫菊酯的检出限范围为3.3~11.4 ng,加标回收率为94.8%~103.4%,6次测定的相对标准偏差（RSD）为5.3%~8.6%;茶叶中5种拟除虫菊酯的检出限范围为4.2~10.5 ng,加标回收率为98.2%~110.1%,6次测定的RSD为5.0%~9.6%。实验证明该法具有较高的准确度、灵敏度和较好的重现性,可用于烟叶和茶叶中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的快速分析测定。