氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中微量铅

食盐中铅测定采用萃取-原子吸收光谱法,方法使用有机试剂,操作也复杂。采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法直接测定,氯化钠干扰很大。本文提出氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中铅。采用WHG-102A2型流动注射氢化物发生器与原子吸收光谱仪配合,载气压力作为自动化能源,流动注射方     

氢化物发生-电加热原子吸收测定高纯铅中砷

铅是工农业生产中一种重要原料 ,高纯电解铅的纯度虽然优于 99.99% ,但一些痕量杂质元素的存在仍严重影响铅的质量 ,检测这些杂质元素的含量是铅生产工业中重要环节。目前 ,高纯电解铅中砷的测定一般采用光度法 ,此法较繁琐而且灵敏度低。本文通过试验 ,提出了用氢化物标准加入原子吸收光谱法 ,以碘化钾和硫脲作还原剂和掩蔽剂测定高纯铅中砷。该法灵敏度高 ,干扰少。标准加入可以消除基体效应等优点。1　试验部分1.1　主要仪器与试剂ＧＧＸ 9原子吸收分光光度计ＷＨＧ 10 2Ａ2流动注射电热石英管原子化氢化物发生器 (北京瀚时制作所 )碘化…     

氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定食品中铅

采用微波溶样,以盐酸铁氰化钾硼氢化钾反应体系,将标准液及食品中铅氧化为Pb4+,利用连续流动注射氢化物发生器,以15g·L-1硼氢化钾在酸性条件下产生的氢自由基,与Pb4+生成的PbH4(铅烷)气体从反应体系中逸出,导入电热石英原子化器,采用高性能空心阴极灯作光源,进行原子吸收光谱检测。方法的灵敏度为0.065μg·L-1/1%A,检出限为0.070μg·L-1,线性范围在0～14μg·L-1之间,相关系数为0.9991,RSD小于3%,加标回收率为97%。     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定柠檬酸中微量铅

柠檬酸样品经硫酸处理及在550℃灼烧灰化,残渣溶于盐酸(5+95)溶液中。用铁氰化钾将溶液中铅(Ⅱ)氧化成铅(Ⅳ),然后再以硼氢化钾为还原剂,盐酸(1+99)溶液为载流,用氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定铅含量。在优化的试验条件下,铅的质量浓度在20μg·L~(-1)以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)为2.6μg·L~(-1)。用此方法分析了3个柠檬酸样品,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)小于5%,加标回收率在90.5%～110.0%之间。     

流动注射氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定土壤中铅

土壤中铅的测定,以往多用石黑炉[1]或氢化物发生[2]原子吸收光谱法,本文通过试验表明,应用流动注射氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定,使方法更为简便、快速,结果准确可靠.     

氢化物发生-电热原子吸收光谱法测定人发中铅

经清洗并干燥的人发样用硝酸-高氯酸混合酸溶解,试样溶液中铅(Ⅱ)转化成铅烷(PbH4)及试样中铅量的测定采用WHG-102A2型流动注射氢化物发生器及GGX-9型原子吸收光谱仪的联用而自动完成.方法的最佳测定条件,包括铁氰化钾的加入量、原子化温度、高氯酸的影响及干扰试验等作了试验和选择.方法的检出限为0.25μg·L-1,在8μg·g-1的水平上进行精密度试验,测得结果的相对标准偏差(n=10)为3.0%.     

氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中痕量铅

采用微波消化、氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定蔬菜中痕量铅。研究了硼氢化钾用量、酸介质及其酸度对铅的测定影响,采用铁氰化钾-草酸体系可消除金属元素对铅测定的干扰。检出限为0．023μg·L-1,回收率为97．8％～105．6％,RSD为0．8％～1．8％,线性范围为0～40μg·L-1。     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定大米中铅

采用微波消解方式处理样品,建立了氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱法测定大米中痕量铅的分析方法。对载气流速、硼氢化钠浓度、溶液酸度以及铅反应试剂加入量进行了研究。在选择了最佳实验条件下,方法的检出限为0.05μg/L,加标回收率在96.8%~103.8%。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中铅

ＮａＣｌ在铅的吸收灵敏线 2 83.3ｎｍ附近有很强烈的分子吸收 ,给原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中微量铅带来了困难。通过不同含量的ＮａＣｌ溶液对吸光度的干扰程度试验 ,证明在有基体改进剂ＮＨ4 Ｈ2 ＰＯ4存在下 ,ＮａＣｌ含量在 0～ 10ｇ·Ｌ- 1之间对吸光度无影响。将食盐样用ＨＮＯ3(1+99)稀释 10 0倍后测定 ,获得较为满意结果。本法快速、简便、灵敏度高 ,不需复杂的前处理 ,与化学法比较无显著性差异 (ｔ <ｔ0 .0 5,Ｐ >0 .0 5 )。1　试验部分1.1　仪器与试剂ＡＡ 680 0原子吸收分光光度计 (日本岛津 )ＧＦＡ 65 0 0石墨炉控制器ＡＳＣ 6…     

Determination of selenomethionine by high performance liquid chromatography-direct hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry

A simple, reliable, trace determination of selenomethionine (Semet) based on a direct hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometric method was developed using sodium tetrahydroborate (0.3% in 0.2% NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (3 M). The method excluded any chemical pretreatment prior to hydride generation (HG). The optimized HG system was successfully coupled with the HPLC system. The detection limit (3σ of blank; n=5), reproducibility (R.S.D. of three successive analyses/day, performed on three different days), and repeatability (R.S.D. of three successive analyses) of the method were 1.08 ng ml⁻¹, 9.8% for 9.04 ng ml⁻¹ and 2.1–9.5% for 30.0–1.27 ng ml⁻¹ Semet as Se (standards prepared in Milli-Q water). Calibration graph was linear up to 30 ng ml⁻¹. This HPLC-HG-AAS method is very promising and successfully determined Semet (spiked) in human urine.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药中的微量砷

研究了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定中草药中微量砷的方法的最佳条件,以50g／L硫脲 50g／L抗坏血酸为预还原抗干扰剂,测定了10种中草药药品中的砷,方法检出限(3σ)为0．103μg/L,相对标准偏差为1．6％-3.2％,回收率为89．2％-112％。     

HCl沉淀分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定银锭中锑和铋

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定银锭中铋和锑。用HCl沉淀分离银,滤液还原后利用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铋和锑。方法检出限:Bi和Sb分别为0.02mg/kg和0.002mg/kg;回收率91%～96%;RSD小于1.2%。方法能同时准确测定铋和锑且检出限极低,测定结果与国家标准方法一致。     

氢化物发生原子荧光法同时测定保健品中痕量锗和硒

采用微波消解样品,氢化物发生原子荧光法同时测定保健品中的锗和硒.研究了仪器条件、酸度、 KBH4浓度等对测定的影响,锗和硒的检出限为0.40和0.51 μg/L;相对标准偏差均为2.0%;回收率为77.1%～105.2%和80.0%～108.2%,已用于保健品中锗和硒的测定.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光法测定绞股蓝中痕量铅

建立了以重铬酸钾为氧化剂、碱性铁氰化钾为络合剂, 丙二酸为掩蔽剂, 在盐酸介质中进行铅的氢化物发生的反应体系. 样品经HNO3-H2O2体系高压消解后, 采用断续流动氢化物发生器, 对测定铅的各种条件进行了优化和探讨. 在选定条件下, 方法检出限为3.76×10-7 g/L, 线性范围为0.01～2.00 ×10-4 g/L, 相对标准偏差为1.3%. 方法用于绞股蓝中铅的测定, 回收率为90.5%～101.4%.     

UV photochemical vapor generation-atomic fluorescence spectrometric determination of conventional hydride generation elements

A systematic investigation of UV photochemical vapor generation (photo-CVG) and its potential application for seven typical hydride-forming elements (As, Sb, Bi, Te, Sn, Pb and Cd) when combined with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) detection is presented. These analyte ions were converted to volatile species following UV irradiation of their aqueous solution to which low molecular weight organic acids (such as formic, acetic or propionic acid) had been added, and introduced to an atomic fluorescence spectrometer for subsequent analytical measurements. The experimental conditions for photo-CVG and the interferences arising from concomitant elements were carefully investigated. Limits of detection as low as 0.08, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 ng mL^− 1 were obtained for Te, Bi, Sb and As, respectively, comparable to those by hydride generation-AFS. The RSDs obtained with the proposed method for these elements were better than 5% at 50 ng mL^− 1. It is noteworthy that the presence of TiO₂ nanoparticles combined with UV irradiation remarkably enhances the CVG efficiencies of Se(VI) and Te(VI), which cannot form hydrides with KBH₄/NaBH₄. Moreover, photo-CVG has a greater tolerance toward interferences arising from transition elements than hydride generation, and this facilitates its application to the analysis of complicated sample matrices.     

电解氢化物发生原子荧光法测定镉

通过电解氢化物发生技术结合原子荧光光谱仪,采用自行设计的管式电解池,研究了管状阴极材料以及电解质种类、电解条件等因素对Cd的电解还原氢化物发生情况的影响。方法检出限为0.26μg/L,相对标准偏差为3.3%(n=11)。对标准物质海带及几种海产品中的Cd进行了测定,回收率在93%～110%之间。     

Modular L-design of hydride atomizers for atomic absorption spectrometry

A novel modular L-shaped design of hydride atomizer for atomic absorption spectrometry is described. It makes it possible to replace the optical tube of the atomizer and, mainly, to employ optical tubes made also from other materials than fused quartz. The design is useful mainly for further improvement of hydride atomizers based on the multiatomizer concept. Employing selenium hydride as the analyte and arsine as the interferent, a preliminary evaluation of performance of three types of L-shaped multiatomizers based on various optical tubes in terms of sensitivity, linearity of calibration graph and resistance to atomization interferences is made. The “classical” T-shaped multiatomizer was employed as a reference.The L-shaped multiatomizer with the optical tube analogous to that employed in the “classical” T-shaped multiatomizer offers virtually the same performance as the reference multiatomizer. Optical tube made of fused quartz with holes with smaller diameters does not offer significantly better performance compared to the reference T-shaped multiatomizer. However, the L-shaped multiatomizer with optical tube fabricated from porous quartz glass overpowers all the other multiatomizers substantially in terms of the resistance against interferences: even the maximum As interferent concentration of 5 µg ml^− 1 does not significantly influence the observed signal. This should be compared with multiatomizers based on plain fused quartz tubes with holes: tolerance limit around 0.5 µg ml^− 1; interferent concentration of 1 µg ml^− 1 causing 20% signal depression.     

Determination of As(III) and total inorganic arsenic by flow injection hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry

A simple procedure was developed for the direct determination of As(III) and As(V) in water samples by flow injection hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (FI–HG–AAS), without pre-reduction of As(V). The flow injection system was operated in the merging zones configuration, where sample and NaBH₄ are simultaneously injected into two carrier streams, HCl and H₂O, respectively. Sample and reagent injected volumes were of 250 μl and flow rate of 3.6 ml min⁻¹ for hydrochloric acid and de-ionised water. The NaBH₄ concentration was maintained at 0.1% (w/v), it would be possible to perform arsine selective generation from As(III) and on-line arsine generation with 3.0% (w/v) NaBH₄ to obtain total arsenic concentration. As(V) was calculated as the difference between total As and As(III). Both procedures were tolerant to potential interference. So, interference such as Fe(III), Cu(II), Ni(II), Sb(III), Sn(II) and Se(IV) could, at an As(III) level of 0.1 mg l⁻¹, be tolerated at a weight excess of 5000, 5000, 500, 100, 10 and 5 times, respectively. With the proposed procedure, detection limits of 0.3 ng ml⁻¹ for As(III) and 0.5 ng ml⁻¹ for As(V) were achieved. The relative standard deviations were of 2.3% for 0.1 mg l⁻¹ As(III) and 2.0% for 0.1 mg l⁻¹ As(V). A sampling rate of about 120 determinations per hour was achieved, requiring 30 ml of NaBH₄ and waste generation in order of 450 ml. The method was shown to be satisfactory for determination of traces arsenic in water samples. The assay of a certified drinking water sample was 81.7±1.7 μg l⁻¹ (certified value 80.0±0.5 μg l⁻¹).     

Determination of selenium in vegetables by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry

A digestion mixture of H₂SO₄/HNO₃/H₂O₂/HF/V₂O₅ was investigated for decomposition of plant samples and sensitive detection of selenium was achieved by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HG-AFS). The method was found to be accurate and reproducible, with a low detection limit (DL) (0.14 ng g⁻¹ solution). The repeatability of the determination was mostly around 10%, the reproducibility over a period of 8 months for determination of selenium in the standard reference material Trace Elements in Spinach Leaves, NIST 1570a, was 9% and the relative measurement uncertainty was 7% using a coverage factor of 2.3 at 95% probability. The average recovery of the whole procedure was 90%. The characteristics of this method are simple and inexpensive equipment, low consumption of chemicals and the ability to analyse many samples in a short time. The whole procedure was carried out in the same PTFE tube, and in addition only a simple cleaning procedure is needed. As a consequence of all these advantages, the described method is suitable for environmental and nutritional studies. The selenium content was determined in 44 vegetable samples from different regions of Slovenia and the contents found were in the range 0.3-77 ng g⁻¹ wet weight.