Escaping from nonhyperbolic chaotic attractors

The noise-induced escape process from a nonhyperbolic chaotic attractor is of physical and fundamental importance. We address this problem by uncovering the general mechanism of escape in the relevant low noise limit using the Hamiltonian theory of large fluctuations and by establishing the crucial role of the primary homoclinic tangency closest to the basin boundary in the dynamical process. In order to demonstrate that, we provide an unambiguous solution of the variational equations from the Hamiltonian theory. Our results are substantiated with the help of physical and dynamical paradigms, such as the Hénon and the Ikeda maps. It is further pointed out that our findings should be valid for driven flow systems and for experimental data.     

Effect of noise on the relaxation to an invariant probability measure of nonhyperbolic chaotic attractors

We study the influence of external noise on the relaxation to an invariant probability measure for two types of nonhyperbolic chaotic attractors, a spiral (or coherent) and a noncoherent one. We find that for the coherent attractor the rate of mixing changes under the influence of noise, although the largest Lyapunov exponent remains almost unchanged. A mechanism of the noise influence on mixing is presented which is associated with the dynamics of the instantaneous phase of chaotic trajectories. This also explains why the noncoherent regime is robust against the presence of external noise.     

Quantities describing local properties of chaotic attractors

We numerically investigate the Local Divergence Rate (LDR) of the Hénon-map. We find that there exists a unique smooth LDR on the Hénon-attractor; locally expanding and contracting parts alternate regularly. Our concept leads to the definition of what we call fully developed chaos. Distribution functions (histograms) and auto-correlation functions for different dynamical behavior are computed. Our results indicate that the LDR may be a continuous function on the space in which the attractor is embedded.     

Synchronization of chaotic systems with coexisting attractors

Synchronization of coupled oscillators exhibiting the coexistence of chaotic attractors is investigated, both numerically and experimentally. The route from the asynchronous motion to a completely synchronized state is characterized by the sequence of type-I and on-off intermittencies, intermittent phase synchronization, anticipated synchronization, and period-doubling phase synchronization.     

On global attractors for a class of nonhyperbolic piecewise affine maps

Dynamical behavior of a class of nonhyperbolic discrete systems are considered. These systems are generated by iterating planar maps that are piecewise isometries, and they arise as mathematical models for signal processing, digital filters and modulator dynamics. Planar piecewise isometries may be discontinuous and/or non-invertible. First, the authors consider attraction caused by discontinuity in planar piecewise isometries. Namely, they have shown that the maximal invariant set can induce an invariant measure, and all the Lyapunov exponents are zero under this invariant measure. Second, they discuss various definitions of global attractors and their existence and uniqueness for discontinuous maps, and introduce a few examples in which the attractors are created due to discontinuity. Third, they study the relation between invariance and invertibility for various nonhyperbolic maps, and finally they investigate decomposability of global attractors for certain nonhyperbolic systems.     

Symmetry-increasing bifurcation of chaotic attractors

Bifurcation in symmetric is typically associated with spontaneous symmetry breaking. That is, bifurcation is associated with new solution having less symmetry.In this paper we show that symmetry-increasing bifurcation in the discrete dynamics of symmetric mappings is possible (and is perhaps generic). The reason for these bifurcations may be understood as follows. The existence of one attractor in a system with symmetry gives rise to a family of conjugate attractors all related by symmetry. Typically, in computer experiments, what we see is a sequence of symmetry-breaking bifurcations leading to the existence of conjugate chaotic attractors. As the bifurcation parameter is varied these attractors grow in size and merge leading to a single attractor having greater symmetry.We prove a theorem suggesting why this new attractor should have greater symmetry and present a number of striking examples of the symmetric patterns that can be formed by iterating the simplest mappings on the plane with the symmetry of the regular m-gon. In the last section we discuss period-doubling in the presence of symmetry.     

Passive control of chaotic system with multiple strange attractors

In this paper we present a new simple controller for a chaotic system, that is, the Newton--Leipnik equation with two strange attractors: the upper attractor (UA) and the lower attractor (LA). The controller design is based on the passive technique. The final structure of this controller for original stabilization has a simple nonlinear feedback form. Using a passive method, we prove the stability of a closed-loop system. Based on the controller derived from the passive principle, we investigate three different kinds of chaotic control of the system, separately: the original control forcing the chaotic motion to settle down to the origin from an arbitrary position of the phase space; the chaotic intra-attractor control for stabilizing the equilibrium points only belonging to the upper chaotic attractor or the lower chaotic one, and the inter-attractor control for compelling the chaotic oscillation from one basin to another one. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results verify the validity of the suggested method.     

混沌吸引子的对称破缺激变

许多非线性动力系统都有某种对称性,在不同情形下可有不同的表现形式,但始终保持其对称的特点.不同对称形式间的转变导致对称破缺分岔或激变.关于非线性动力系统中相空间运动轨道的对称破缺分岔,已有大量研究工作,但绝大多数是指周期或拟周期相轨的对称破缺,偶尔提到对称系统中的混沌相轨也存在“对偶性”.最近,在简谐外激Duffing系统周期轨道对称破缺引发鞍-结分岔的研究中,得到了分岔后由Poincaré映射点间断流构成的图像,其中包括两个稳定周期结点、一个周期鞍点,及其稳定流形与不稳定流形,均较规则.本工作研究了正弦 关键词： 对称破缺 混沌 激变 分形吸引域     

One to four-wing chaotic attractors coined from a novel 3D fractional-order chaotic system with complex dynamics

A novel 3D fractional-order chaotic system is proposed in this paper. And the system equations consist of nine terms including four nonlinearities. It's interesting to see that this new fractional-order chaotic system can generate one-wing, two-wing, three-wing and four-wing attractors by merely varying a single parameter. Moreover, various coexisting attractors with respect to same system parameters and different initial values and the phenomenon of transient chaos are observed in this new system. The complex dynamical properties of the presented fractional-order systems are investigated by means of theoretical analysis and numerical simulations including phase portraits, equilibrium stability, bifurcation diagram and Lyapunov exponents, chaos diagram, and so on. Furthermore, the corresponding implementation circuit is designed. The Multisim simulations and the hardware experimental results are well in accordance with numerical simulations of the same system on the Matlab platform, which verifies the correctness and feasibility of this new fractional-order chaotic system.     

Convergence of chaotic attractors due to interaction based on closeness

Exploration of coherence phenomena in ensembles of interacting dynamical systems has been in the centre of research in social, physical, biological and technological systems for decades. But, in most of the studies, either completely percolated time- and space-static networks or temporal connectivities disregarding the systems' own dynamics have been dealt with. In this work, we examine the correlation between structural and dynamical evolution in networks of interacting dynamical systems. We specifically demonstrate the scenario of convergence of a set of chaotic attractors into a single attractor as a result of sufficient interaction based on the closeness of their own states. We characterize this occurrence through different measures, and map the collective states in network parameters' space. We further validate our proposition while exposing the whole scenario for different chaotic systems, namely Lorenz and Rössler oscillators.     

一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子

在双折叠环面混沌吸引子方程中构造一种具有多个分段线性化的奇函数，基于递归算法，导出可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子的递归公式.通过适当选取各个分段线性区间的斜率值，利用所得的递归公式计算出分段线性化函数中各个平衡点和转折点之值，最终可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子.给出了产生这类混沌吸引子的计算机数值模拟结果. 关键词： 双折叠环面混沌吸引子 多折叠环面混沌吸引子 递归算法     

On a class of symmetrical chaotic attractors

A single symmetrical chaotic attractor, in which a typical trajectory time can be divided into two phases: long laminar phases and short bursts, is a result of a chaos-chaos transition. The quantities with which this attractor is characterized are pointed out and some relations between them are investigated.     

On the symmetry-breaking bifurcation of chaotic attractors

A new type of crisis is shown to exist in a broad class of systems (including the Lorenz model) which leads to an anomalous band splitting or to a symmetry-breaking bifurcation of the strange attractor, depending on the actual values of the control parameters. A piecewise linear model is used to understand the mechanism of this crisis and to obtain exact results.     

Assessment of grain-oriented transformer sheets with respect to transformer noise

Sheet mills supplying transformer sheets usually specify the ac magnetostriction amplitude as an acoustical characteristic. With grain-oriented sheets this is no longer adequate; the assessment of the sheets can be greatly improved by focussing attention on measurements of the A-weighted vibration velocity. The measurements can be carried out with existing test equipment. The importance now attached by transformer manufacturers to the magnetostrictive properties of core sheets increasingly puts sheet suppliers under an obligation to specify the A-weighted vibration velocity.     

四维系统中多涡卷混沌吸引子的仿真研究

通过构造一个新的非线性函数，研究一种新型四维系统多涡卷混沌信号发生器，这种多涡卷混沌信号发生器的主要特征是随着自然数n的增加，能产生2n+2个多涡卷混沌吸引子，通过改变控制参数k可以改变多涡卷混沌吸引子的混沌边界.并在EWB平台上设计了具体的电路，进行仿真实验验证. 关键词： 四维混沌系统 多涡卷混沌吸引子 非线性函数     

Determination of chaotic attractors in the rat brain

The existence of low-dimensional deterministic structures in experimental time series, derived from the occurrences of spikes in electrophysiological recordings from rat brains, has been revealed in 7 out of 27 samples. The correlation dimension of the chaotic attractors ranged between 0.14 and 3.3 embedded in a space of dimension 2–6. A test on surrogate data was also performed.     

Stability with respect to partial variables for Birkhoff systems

In this paper, the stability with respect to partial variables for the Birkhoff system is studied. By transplanting the results of the partial stability for general systems to the Birkhoff system and constructing a suitable Liapunov function, the partial stability of the system can be achieved. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.     

Cycling chaotic attractors in two models for dynamics with invariant subspaces

Nonergodic attractors can robustly appear in symmetric systems as structurally stable cycles between saddle-type invariant sets. These saddles may be chaotic giving rise to "cycling chaos." The robustness of such attractors appears by virtue of the fact that the connections are robust within some invariant subspace. We consider two previously studied examples and examine these in detail for a number of effects: (i) presence of internal symmetries within the chaotic saddles, (ii) phase-resetting, where only a limited set of connecting trajectories between saddles are possible, and (iii) multistability of periodic orbits near bifurcation to cycling attractors. The first model consists of three cyclically coupled Lorenz equations and was investigated first by Dellnitz et al. [Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos Appl. Sci. Eng. 5, 1243-1247 (1995)]. We show that one can find a "false phase-resetting" effect here due to the presence of a skew product structure for the dynamics in an invariant subspace; we verify this by considering a more general bi-directional coupling. The presence of internal symmetries of the chaotic saddles means that the set of connections can never be clean in this system, that is, there will always be transversely repelling orbits within the saddles that are transversely attracting on average. Nonetheless we argue that "anomalous connections" are rare. The second model we consider is an approximate return mapping near the stable manifold of a saddle in a cycling attractor from a magnetoconvection problem previously investigated by two of the authors. Near resonance, we show that the model genuinely is phase-resetting, and there are indeed stable periodic orbits of arbitrarily long period close to resonance, as previously conjectured. We examine the set of nearby periodic orbits in both parameter and phase space and show that their structure appears to be much more complicated than previously suspected. In particular, the basins of attraction of the periodic orbits appear to be pseudo-riddled in the terminology of Lai [Physica D 150, 1-13 (2001)].