Schauder estimates for oblique derivative problems

We prove that the solution of the oblique derivative parabolic problem in a noncylindrical domain Ω^T belongs to the anisotropic Holder space C^{2+α, 1+α/2}(gwT) 0 < α < 1, even if the nonsmooth “lateral boundary” of Ω^T is only of class C^{1+α, (1+α)/2}). As a corollary, we also obtain an a priori estimate in the Hölder space C^2+α(Ω₀) for a solution of the oblique derivative elliptic problem in a domain Ω₀ whose boundary belongs only to the classe C^1+α.     

On the spectral analysis of many-body systems

We describe the essential spectrum and prove the Mourre estimate for quantum particle systems interacting through k-body forces and creation-annihilation processes which do not preserve the number of particles. For this we compute the “Hamiltonian algebra” of the system, i.e. the C^∗-algebra C generated by the Hamiltonians we want to study, and show that, as in the N-body case, it is graded by a semilattice. Hilbert C^∗-modules graded by semilattices are involved in the construction of C. For example, if we start with an N-body system whose Hamiltonian algebra is CN and then we add field type couplings between subsystems, then the many-body Hamiltonian algebra C is the imprimitivity algebra of a graded Hilbert CN-module.     

Interior regularity on the Abreu equation

In this paper, we prove the interior regularity for the solution to the Abreu equation in any dimension assuming the existence of the C ⁰ estimate.     

Approximation of convex bodies by polytopes

LetC be a convex body ofE ^d and consider the symmetric difference metric. The distance ofC to its best approximating polytope having at mostn vertices is 0 (1/n ^2/(d?1)) asn→∞. It is shown that this estimate cannot be improved for anyC of differentiability class two. These results complement analogous theorems for the Hausdorff metric. It is also shown that for both metrics the approximation properties of «most» convex bodies are rather irregular and that ford=2 «most» convex bodies have unique best approximating polygons with respect to both metrics.     

A non-local regularization of first order Hamilton-Jacobi equations

In this paper, we investigate the regularizing effect of a non-local operator on first-order Hamilton-Jacobi equations. We prove that there exists a unique solution that is C² in space and C¹ in time. In order to do so, we combine viscosity solution techniques and Green's function techniques. Viscosity solution theory provides the existence of a W^1,∞ solution as well as uniqueness and stability results. A Duhamel's integral representation of the equation involving the Green's function permits to prove further regularity. We also state the existence of C^∞ solutions (in space and time) under suitable assumptions on the Hamiltonian. We finally give an error estimate in L^∞ norm between the viscosity solution of the pure Hamilton-Jacobi equation and the solution of the integro-differential equation with a vanishing non-local part.     

A singular Monge-Ampère equation on unbounded domains

In this paper, we study the Dirichlet problem for a singular Monge-Amp`ere type equation on unbounded domains. For a few special kinds of unbounded convex domains, we find the explicit formulas of the solutions to the problem. For general unbounded convex domain ?, we prove the existence for solutions to the problem in the space C∞(?) ∩ C(?). We also obtain the local C1/2-estimate up to the ?? and the estimate for the lower bound of the solutions.     

Analysis and geometry of Floer theory of Landau-Ginzburg model on ℂ<Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Superscript>

This article studies the Floer theory of Landau-Ginzburg (LG) model on C ⁿ . We perturb the Kähler form within a fixed Kähler class to guarantee the transversal intersection of Lefschetz thimbles. The C ⁰ estimate for solutions of the LG Floer equation can be derived then by our analysis tools. The Fredholm property is guaranteed by all these results.     

On the theta number of powers of cycle graphs

We give a closed formula for Lovász’s theta number of the powers of cycle graphs C _k ^d?1 and of their complements, the circular complete graphs K _k/d . As a consequence, we establish that the circular chromatic number of a circular perfect graph is computable in polynomial time. We also derive an asymptotic estimate for the theta number of C _k ^d .     

Improved Hörmander’s theorem and new methods for oscillatory integral operators

This paper proves a theorem on the decay rate of the oscillatory integral operator with a degenerate C^∞ phase function, thus improving a classical theorem of HSrmander. The proof invokes two new methods to resolve the singularity of such kind of operators： a delicate method to decompose the operator and balance the L^2 norm estimates; and a method for resolution of singularity of the convolution type. The operator is decomposed into four major pieces instead of infinite dyadic pieces, which reveals that Cotlar＇s Lemma is not essential for the L^2 estimate of the operator. In the end the conclusion is further improved from the degenerate C^∞ phase function to the degenerate C^4 phase function.     

Optimal concavity of some Hessian operators and the prescribed σ 2 curvature measure problem

In this paper, we consider a minimal value problem and obtain an algebraic inequality. As an application, we obtain the optimal concavity of some Hessian operators and then establish the C2 a priori estimate for a class of prescribed σ2 curvature measure equations.     

Estimates of initial conditions of parabolic equations and inequalities in infinite domains via lateral Cauchy data

A parabolic equation/inequality in an infinite domain is considered. The lateral Cauchy data are given at an arbitrary C²-smooth lateral surface. The inverse problem of the interest of this paper consists in an estimate of the unknown initial condition via these Cauchy data.     

On regularizing-rate estimates for solutions to the heat flow with initial value problem

For a compact Riemannian manifold NRK without boundary, we establish the existence of strong solutions to the heat flow for harmonic maps from Rn to N, and the regularizing rate estimate of the strong solutions. Moreover, we obtain the analyticity in spatial variables of the solutions. The uniqueness of the mild solutions in C([0,T]; W1,n) is also considered in this paper.     

On the stable rank of algebras of operator fields over metric spaces

Let Γ be a finitely generated, torsion-free, two-step nilpotent group. Let C^*(Γ) denote the universal C^*-algebra of Γ. We show that , where for a unital C^*-algebra A, sr(A) is the stable rank of A, and where is the space of one-dimensional representations of Γ. In process, we give a stable rank estimate for maximal full algebras of operator fields over metric spaces.     

Some Remarks on Operator-Norm Convergence of the Trotter Product Formula on Banach Spaces

We extend the Trotter-Kato-Chernoff theory of strong approximation of C₀ semigroups on Banach spaces to operator-norm approximation of analytic semigroups with error estimate. As application we obtain a criterion for the operator-norm convergence of the Trotter product formula on Banach spaces with error estimate n⁻¹ log n, provided one of the generators has a bounded H^∞ functional calculus. For both results, we present versions for approximation in operator-ideal-norms such as the trace norm or the Hilbert-Schmidt norm. Finally, we give some remarks on the operator-norm convergence of the Trotter product formula for semigroups acting on a scale of L_p-spaces.     

On the risk of estimates for block decreasing densities

A density f=f(x₁,…,x_d) on [0,∞)^d is block decreasing if for each j∈{1,…,d}, it is a decreasing function of x_j, when all other components are held fixed. Let us consider the class of all block decreasing densities on [0,1]^d bounded by B. We shall study the minimax risk over this class using n i.i.d. observations, the loss being measured by the L₁ distance between the estimate and the true density. We prove that if S=log(1+B), lower bounds for the risk are of the form C(S^d/n)^1/(d+2), where C is a function of d only. We also prove that a suitable histogram with unequal bin widths as well as a variable kernel estimate achieve the optimal multivariate rate. We present a procedure for choosing all parameters in the kernel estimate automatically without loosing the minimax optimality, even if B and the support of f are unknown.     

Carleman estimates for the one-dimensional heat equation with a discontinuous coefficient and applications to controllability and an inverse problem

We study the observability and some of its consequences (controllability, identification of diffusion coefficients) for one-dimensional heat equations with discontinuous coefficients (piecewise C¹). The observability, for a linear equation, is obtained by a Carleman-type estimate. This kind of observability inequality yields controllability results for a semi-linear equation as well as a stability result for the identification of the diffusion coefficient.     

A geometric Gordan-Stiemke theorem

Let C and K be closed cones in Rⁿ. Denote by φ (K∩C) the face of C generated by K ∩ C, by φ(K ∩ D)^D the dual face of φ(K ∩ C) in C¹, and by φ(-K¹ ∩ C¹) the face of C¹ generated by -K¹ ∩ C¹. It is proved that φ(K ∩ C¹) if and only if -C¹ ∩ [span(K ∩ C)] ⊥ ? C¹ + K¹. In particular, the closedness of C¹ + K¹ is a sufficient condition. Our result contains a generalization of the Gordon-Stiemke theorem which appeared in a recent paper of Saunders and Schneider.     

Estimations intérieures avec régularité optimale pour un modèle de plaques en élasticité linéaireInterior estimates with optimal regularity for a plate model in linear elasticity

We are interested in the 3d–2d passage for an asymptotically thin plate in linear elasticity. The classical approach by asymptotic expansion gives an error estimate on the displacements in H¹, assuming the volumic forces at least of regularity L² (and more for certain components). In our work we apply the regularity theory for solutions of elliptic equations. This approach gives, for a new model of Kirchhoff–Love of higher order, an error estimate in H² assuming volumic forces only in L², which is optimal. We also get some interior error estimates in W^k,p, C^k,α. To cite this article: R. Monneau, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 335 (2002) 207–212.     

Dispersion and Strichartz estimates for the Liouville equation

We consider the Liouville equation associated with a metric g of class C² and we prove dispersion and Strichartz estimates for the solution of this equation in terms of geodesics associated with g. We introduce the notion of focusing and dispersive metric to characterize metrics such that the same dispersion estimate as in the Euclidean case holds. To deal with the case of non-trapped long range perturbation of the Euclidean metric, we prove a global velocity moments effect on the solution. In particular, we obtain global in time Strichartz estimates for metrics such that the dispersion estimate is not satisfied.     

C 0 elements for generalized indefinite Maxwell equations

In this paper we develop the C ⁰ finite element method for a generalized curlcurl-grad div indefinite Maxwell problem in a Lipschitz domain such as nonconvex polygon for which the solution of the problem may be nonsmooth and only have the H ^r regularity for some r?<?1. The ingredients of our method are that two ??mass-lumping?? L ² projectors are applied to curl and div operators in the problem and that C ⁰ linear element or isoparametric bilinear element enriched with one element-bubble on every triangle element or with two-element-bubbles on every quadrilateral element, respectively, is employed for each component of the nonsmooth solution. Due to the fact that the element-bubbles can be statically eliminated at element levels, our method is essentially three-nodes or four-nodes C ⁰ Lagrange element method. With two Fortin-type interpolations established, a very technical duality argument is elaborated to estimate the error for the indefinite problem. For the nonsmooth solution having the H ^r regularity where r may vary in the interval [0, 1), we obtain the error bound ${{\mathcal O}(h^r)}$ in an energy norm. Some numerical experiments are performed to confirm the theoretical error bounds.