酸性氯化铜蚀刻液与碱性氯化铜蚀刻液比较

本文针对酸性氯化铜蚀刻液与碱性氯化铜蚀刻液的组成本性计算方面作一简单的对比,为业界同仁提供一 个参考方向,对新手或行外人士以启迪,有事半功倍之受用。     

酸性氯化铜液蚀刻化学及蚀刻液再生方法评述

为了清洁生产、生态环境和人们健康，研究和开发酸性氯化铜蚀刻液的再生方法及再生设备，已成为当前印制板制造行业污染防治工作的重点。为此，文章首次论述了印制板酸性氯化铜液蚀刻化学及蚀刻液的再生方法，讨论了各种方法的优缺点，进而指出了酸性蚀刻液再生的发展趋势。     

酸性氯化铜蚀刻液与碱性氯化铜蚀刻液比较

本针对酸性氯化铜蚀刻液与碱性氯化铜蚀刻液的组成，本性，计算方面作一简单的对比，为业界同仁提供一个参考方向，对新手或行外人士以启迪，有事半功倍之受用。     

碱性蚀刻液影响PCB蚀刻速率的因素研究

采用正交试验方法,研究了碱性氯化铜蚀刻液中（Cu2＋）、（Cl-）、pH值、及蚀刻液温度对铜箔蚀刻速率的影响规律.结果表明：在因素水平范围内,对蚀刻速率影响的大小顺序为蚀刻液温度〉Cu2＋浓度〉pH值〉Cl-浓度,最佳蚀刻工艺条件为（Cu2＋）=100g/L,（Cl-）=120g/L,pH=8.5,T=50℃,静态蚀刻速率可达8.76mm/min.     

酸性蚀刻液铜回收及废液再生新技术

废蚀刻液中富含金属铜离子,长期以来都采用传统的化学法处理废液来回收铜,其残液的排放会造成严重的二次污染,给周边环境带来极大的影响和压力,同时处理废液浪费大量的碱液,把可回收的酸也浪费,不能做到资源节约、环保、循环经济、清洁生产等。作者通过三年多的研究,开发出利用离子膜结合电解技术来回收废蚀刻液中的铜,同时再生蚀刻液使其继续返回蚀刻生产线使用。其最大的技术特点在于把盐酸中的铜离子,通过膜技术分离到硫酸溶液中,变成传统的硫酸铜溶液电解。这种技术和思路极大地简化了回收和再生工艺,降低了回收能耗,解决了用萃取工艺回收而引起的的许多问题,是一种先进的回收再生技术。此工艺产业化的推广是印制电路板企业废液处理的一次环保革命,前景广阔。     

大尺寸背板蚀刻均匀性研究

对于某些大型设备而言,大尺寸的PCB成为不可或缺的器件。PCB尺寸增大,同时外层线路精细化、阻抗控制要求更加严格,致使外层蚀刻均匀性要求更为重要。本文着重对影响大背板蚀刻均匀性的几个因素进行剖析,以提高实际生产中过程中大背板的蚀刻均匀性。     

补蚀系统改善蚀刻均匀性的研究

蚀刻线补蚀系统可改善蚀刻均匀性,但鉴于印制电路板尺寸、蚀刻铜厚等千差万别,现常规蚀刻补蚀系统难以满足多样化需求,应用价值不大。本研究通过优化改善补蚀系统,实现补蚀系统的灵活应用,大大改善了蚀刻均匀性。     

酸性蚀刻液工艺报告

为配合国内PCB产业的飞速发展而开发的HCL／NaClO3再生型酸性蚀刻系统。随着PCB产量的提升、产品的精密度越来越高、安全生产日益重要、环保的要求越来越苛刻,传统的HCL／H2O2再生型酸性蚀刻系统逐渐不能满足PCB产业的需求和环保要求,我司的HCL／NaClO3的酸性蚀刻系统具有更安全、环保、低酸度、低成本、蚀刻速度快、侧蚀小等诸多优点。     

多片干法蚀刻设备蚀刻均匀性工艺优化研究

对于制造集成电路芯片的多片生产设备而言,圆片间均匀性是评价工艺优劣的重要指标,可以利用正交试验方法来优化均匀性工艺.使用装载容量为18个150 mm圆片的AME8110干法蚀刻设备,利用正交试验方法进行干法蚀刻二氧化硅试验.通过直观分析,得到影响干法蚀刻均匀性的较优因素组合;通过方差分析,得到各因素对均匀性影响的显著性和可信度;通过工艺综合分析,得到各因素水平的选择原则和满足圆片间均匀性指标要求的优化工艺.按照优化工艺测试的圆片间蚀刻均匀性为3.93％.正交试验分析方法同样适用于其他多片生产设备和单片生产设备的工艺优化.     

镍铬合金在酸性CuCl2溶液中反应机理

对铜在酸性CuCl_2溶液中蚀刻反应机理论述,利用氧化-还原电动势原理,详细论述了Ni80Cr20合金在酸性CuCl_2溶液中化学蚀刻反应机理,以及影响蚀刻速度的因素,并对溶液中金属离子的存在形式作了验证。     

湿法刻蚀FI CD均一性的影响因素及提高刻蚀均一性的研究

随着高分辨率产品导入,TFT-LCD阵列段各项参数范围越来越小,工艺要求更为严格,为了更好地管控湿法刻蚀各项参数,本文以湿法刻蚀FI CD(Final Inspection Critical Dimension)均一性的影响因素及如何提高FI CD均一性为目的进行研究。首先,通过对湿法刻蚀设备参数(主要包括刻蚀液温度、流量、压力、浓度、Nozzle Sliding、Oscillation Speed、刻蚀时间等)进行试验,验证各项参数对FI CD均一性的影响。其次,对沉积工序、曝光工序以及产品设计等进行试验,获悉影响因素并进行改善。通过对湿法刻蚀设备自身参数的调整,如减少设备温度、流量、压力波动,使参数保持相对稳定状态,可有效改善湿法刻蚀FI CD均一性,FI CD的均一性可从1.0降低至0.5。通过对湿法刻蚀设备参数进行试验并做相应调整,湿法刻蚀FI CD均一性改善效果显著。     

排气方式及工艺参数对等离子体刻蚀a-Si均一性的影响

本文对在等离子体刻蚀工艺中,功率、压强、气体比例重要参数对a-Si刻蚀均一性的影响进行了研究。采用PECVD成膜、RIE等离子体刻蚀,并通过台阶仪和光谱膜厚测定仪对膜厚进行表征。结果表明压强在10~15Pa,功率在5 500~6 500 W的参数区间,a-Si刻蚀均一性波动不大,适合工业化生产。a-Si刻蚀速率及刻蚀均一性对气体比例较为敏感,SF6∶HCl=800∶2 800mL/min时a-Si刻蚀均一性为最佳。四角排气方式对维持等离子体浓度作用明显,有利于刻蚀均一性的提升。四周排气方式会破坏等离子体浓度进而破坏a-Si刻蚀的均一性。     

PCB板酸性蚀刻机理、工艺参数及故障排除

蚀刻工艺是目前PCB板制作中的重要工序之一,特别是随着微电子技术的飞速发展,大规模集成电路和超大规模集成电路的广泛应用,对PCB板制造技术提出了更高的要求,正向着高精度、高密度的方向飞速发展,对PCB板蚀刻的线宽公差也提出更高、更严的技术要求,所以,充分了解和掌握铜在各种类型蚀刻液中的蚀刻机理,并通过严格的科学实验,测定出铜在各类蚀刻液中工艺参数,才能把控好PCB板蚀刻这一关键工序。本文就我公司AS-301型酸性蚀刻液特点、蚀刻机理、来料检测、操作规程、工艺流程、故障排除等作简单介绍。     

自动动态补偿功能改善酸蚀蚀刻不均匀性问题

在酸蚀制程中,由于其蚀铜量较大,蚀刻线生产时蚀刻速度较慢,导致蚀刻不均匀性对线路制作存在很大影响,为改善蚀刻不均匀性的问题,采用奥宝公司专门开发的可制造性设计功能----自动动态补偿(Dynamic Etch Compensation),根据不同的间距设置不同的线宽补偿量,来确保蚀刻后线宽的一致性。     

Wet etching mechanisms of ITO films in oxalic acid

This study examines how oxalic acid solutions affect indium tin oxide (ITO) etching. Experimental results show that the etching rate of ITO films increased linearly with the concentration of . The open circuit potentials included in the potential-pH diagrams for indium and tin in aqueous oxalic acid systems helped determine that ITO films was dissolved by the formation of in oxalic acid. However, the tin oxide in ITO films was difficult to dissolve, but could be removed by stripping. The EDS analysis and optical microscopic images indicate that the removal rate of SnO₂ in oxalic acid etchants was slower than that of In₂O₃, and many residues were distributed around the ITO bars after the etching process. Moreover, kinetic experiments reveal the high activation energy of ITO etching, and it was found stirring or ultrasonic vibration of the etchants had no influence on the dissolution rate of ITO films at all. Therefore, the rate-determining step should be the chemical reaction on ITO surface. A mechanism including protonation and ligand adsorption was proposed to explain the observed results.     

Cl2 chemical dry etching of GaAs under high vacuum conditions—Crystallographic etching and its mechanism

Cl₂ chemical dry etching for GaAs substrates of {111}A, {111}B, {110} and {100} orientations was accomplished under high vacuum conditions. The etch rate for different substrate orientations was {111}B > {110} = {100} > {111}A for temperatures below 450° C, and was nearly equal for temperatures above 450° C. For {111}B, {110} and {100} substrates, the etch rate depends strongly on the substrate temperature above 450° C and below 150° C. Two activation energies for etching (10.0 kcal/mol below 150° C and 16.0 kcal/mol above 450° C) were obtained. Between 150 and 450° C, the etch rate depends weakly on the substrate temperature. However, for {111}A substrate, the etch rate increased monotonically with increasing substrate temperature above 300° C. The activation energy corresponds to that for the other substrates above 450° C. These results are caused by the surface chemical reaction of GaAs/Cl₂. By using these etching properties, a vertical side wall was fabricated without ion bombardment.     

Comparison of F2 plasma chemistries for deep etching of SiC

A number of F₂-based plasma chemistries (NF₃, SF₆, PF₅, and BF₃) were investigated for high rate etching of SiC. The most advantageous of these is SF₆, based on the high rate (0.6 μm·min⁻¹) it achieves and its relatively low cost compared to NF₃. The changes in electrical properties of the near-surface region are relatively minor when the incident ion energy is kept below approximately 75 eV. At a process pressure of 5 mtorr, the SiC etch rate falls-off by ∼15% in 30 μm diameter via holes compared to larger diameter holes (>60 μm diameter) or open areas on the mask. We also measured the effect of exposed SiC area on the etch rate of the material.     

A comparative study of wet and dry selective etching processes for GaAs/AIGaAs/lnGaAs pseudomorphic MODFETs

The etching characteristics of Al_xGa_1-xAs in citric acid/H₂O₂ solutions and SiCl₄/SiF₄ plasmas have been studied. Using a 4:1 solution of citric acid/H₂O₂ at 20° C, selectivities of 155, 260, and 1450 have been obtained for GaAs on Al_xGa_1-xAs withx = 0.3,x = 0.45, andx = 1.0, respectively. Etch rates of GaAs in this solution were found to be independent of line widths and crystal orientations for etched depths up to 1000?. GaAs etch profiles along [110] and [110] directions displayed different slope angles as expected. Selective reactive ion etching (SRIE) using SiCl₄/SiF₄ gas mixtures at 90 mTorr and -60 V self-biased voltage yielded selectivities between 200 and 500 forx values ranging from 0.17 to 1.0. SRIE etch rates for GaAs were relatively constant for etch depths of less than 1000?. At greater etch depths, etch rates varied by up to 76% for line widths between 0.3 and 1.0μm. Both selective wet etch and dry etch processes were applied to the fabrication of pseudomorphic GaAs/AIGaAs/lnGaAs MODFETs with gate lengths ranging from 0.3 to 2.5 μm on heterostructures with an embedded thin AlAs etch stop layer. A threshold voltage standard deviation of 13.5 mV for 0.3 μ gate-length MODFETs was achieved using a 4:1 citric acid/H₂O₂ solution for gate recessing. This result compares favorably with the 40 mV obtained using SRIE, and is much superior to the 230 mV achieved using the nonselective etch of 3:1:50 H₃PO₄: H₂O₂: H₂O. This shows that selective wet etching using citric acid/H₂O₂ solutions in conjunction with a thin Al_xGa_1-xAs(x ≥ 0.45) etch stop layer provides a reasonably simple, safe, and reliable process for gate recessing in the fabrication of pseudomorphic MODFETs.     

Role of CF2 in the etching of SiO2, Si3N4 and Si in fluorocarbon plasma

The CF2 density and etch rate of SiO2, Si3N4 and Si are investigated as a function of gas pressure and 02 flow rate in fluorocarbon plasma. As the pressure increases, the self-bias voltage decreases whereas the SiO2 etch rate increases. Previous study has shown that SiO2 etch rate is proportional to the self-bias voltage. This result indicates that other etching parameters contribute to the SiO2 etching. Generally, the CF2 radical is considered as a precursor for fluorocarbon layer formation. At a given power, defluorination of fluorocarbon under high-energy ion bombardment is a main source of fluorine for SiO2 etching. When more CF2 radical in plasma, SiO2 etch rate is increased because more fluorine can be provided. In this case, CF2 is considered as a reactant for SiO2 etching. The etch rate of Si3N4 and Si is mainly determined by the polymer thickness formed on its surface which is dominated by the CF2 density in plasma. Etching results obtained by varying O2 flow rate also support the proposition.     

碳氟等离子体中CF2对SiO2，Si3N4和Si刻蚀的作用

The CF2 density and etch rate of SiO2, Si3N4 and Si are investigated as a function of gas pressure and O2 flow rate in fluorocarbon plasma. As the pressure increases, the self-bias voltage decreases whereas the SiO2 etch rate increases. Previous study has shown that SiO2 etch rate is proportional to the self-bias voltage. This result indicates that other etching parameters contribute to the SiO2 etching. Generally, the CF2 radical is considered as a precursor for fluorocarbon layer formation. At a given power, defluorination of fluorocarbon under high-energy ion bombardment is a main source of fluorine for SiO2 etching. When more CF2 radical in plasma, SiO2 etch rate is increased because more fluorine can be provided. In this case, CF2 is considered as a reactant for SiO2 etching. The etch rate of Si3N4 and Si is mainly determined by the polymer thickness formed on its surface which is dominated by the CF2 density in plasma. Etching results obtained by varying O2 flow rate also support the proposition.