Recent progress of advanced anode materials of lithium-ion batteries

The rapid development of electric vehicles and mobile electronic devices is the main driving force to improve advanced high-performance lithium ion batteries (L...     

Tin oxide-titanium oxide/graphene composited as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

A tin oxide-titanium oxide/graphene (SnO₂-TiO₂/G) ternary nanocomposite as high-performance anode for Li-ion batteries was prepared via a simple reflux method. The graphite oxide (GO) was reduced to graphene nanosheet, and the SnO₂-TiO₂ nanocomposites were evenly distributed on the graphene matrix in the SnO₂-TiO₂/G nanocomposite. The as-prepared SnO₂-TiO₂/G nanocomposites were employed as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, showing an outstanding performance with high reversible capacity and long cycle life. The composite delivered a superior initial discharge capacity of 1,594.6 mAh g^?1 and a reversible specific capacity of 1,500.3 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 100 mA g^?1. After 100 cycles, the reversible discharge capacity was still maintained at 1,177.4 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 100 mA g^?1 with a high retained rate of reversible capacity of 73.8 %. The addition of small amount of TiO₂ nanoparticles improved the cycling stability and specific capacity of SnO₂-TiO₂/G nanocomposite, obviously. The results demonstrate that the SnO₂-TiO₂/G nanocomposite is a promising alternative anode material for practical Li-ion batteries.     

Recent progress of surface coating on cathode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) have received substantial attention in the last 10 years,as they offer great promise as power sources that can lead to the electric vehicle (EV) revolution in the next 5 years.Since the cathode serves as a key component in LIB,its properties significantly affect the performance of the whole system.Recently,the cathode surface modification based on coating technique has been widely employed to enhance the electrochemical performances by improving the material conductivity,stabilising the physical structure of materials,as well as preventing the reactions between the electrode and electrolyte.In this work,we reviewed the present of a number of promising cathode materials for Li-ion batteries.After that,we summarized the very recent research progress focusing on the surface coating strategies,mainly including the coating materials,the coating technologies,as well as the corresponding working mechanisms for cathodes.At last,the challenges faced and future guidelines for optimizing cathode materials are discussed.In this study,we propose that the structure of cathode is a crucial factor during the selection of coating materials and technologies.     

Manganese oxide nanoparticle-loaded porous carbon nanofibers as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

Mn-based oxide-loaded porous carbon nanofiber anodes, exhibiting large reversible capacity, excellent capacity retention, and good rate capability, are fabricated by carbonizing electrospun polymer/Mn(CH₃COO)₂ composite nanofibers without adding any polymer binder or electronic conductor. The excellent electrochemical performance of these organic/inorganic nanocomposites is a result of the unique combinative effects of nano-sized Mn-based oxides and carbon matrices as well as the highly-developed porous composite nanofiber structure, which make them promising anode candidates for high-performance rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.     

Co-MOFs材料在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用研究进展

该文阐述了近年来钴金属有机骨架(Co-MOFs)材料在锂离子电池负极材料中的应用研究进展,分别对Co-MOFs材料及Co-MOFs衍生的氧化钴、氧化钴/碳复合材料、硫化钴/碳复合材料等用作锂离子电池负极材料进行了分类总结,旨在为广大研究者提供相关方面的信息.     

Nano-sized carboxylates as anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries

Nano-sized caiboxylales Na2C7H3NO4 and Na2C6H2N2O4 were prepared and investigated as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.Both carboxylates exhibit high reversible capacities around 190 mAh/g above a cut-off voltage of 0.8 V vs.Li＋/Li.potentially improving the safety of the batteries.In addition,good rate performance and long cycle life of these carboxylates make them promising candidates as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.     

Cycling parameters of silicon anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Integrated analysis of the cycling parameters (reversible specific capacity, Coulomb efficiency, irreversible loss of cycle capacity, accumulated irreversible capacity, and retention of reversible capacity) of synthetic graphite of MAG brand as an active material for the negative electrode of lithium-ion batteries was made.     

Intrinsic characteristics of cathode and anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Fundamental aspects of solving the problem of how the working capacity of lithium-ion batteries in prolonged cycling can be raised and the basic tendencies in the relationship between the intrinsic parameters of active materials of various brands and the electrochemical behavior of anodes and cathodes fabricated from these materials are considered.     

Magnetite/carbon core-shell nanorods as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Carbon coated magnetite (Fe₃O₄) core-shell nanorods were synthesized by a hydrothermal method using Fe₂O₃ nanorods as the precursor. Transmission electron spectroscopy (TEM) and high resolution TEM (HRTEM) analysis indicated that a carbon layer was coated on the surfaces of the individual Fe₃O₄ nanorods. The electrochemical properties of Fe₃O₄/carbon nanorods as anodes in lithium-ion cells were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry, ac impedance spectroscopy, and galvanostatic charge/discharge techniques. The as-prepared Fe₃O₄/C core-shell nanorods show an initial lithium storage capacity of 1120 mAh/g and a reversible capacity of 394 mAh/g after 100 cycles, demonstrating better performance than that of the commercial graphite anode material.     

Silicon nanotube anode for lithium-ion batteries

This work describes a promising strategy for large-scale fabrication of silicon (Si) nanotubes. The process began with preparation of silica nanotubes using rod-like NiN₂H₄ as a template and the resulting silica nanotubes were then converted to Si nanotubes by a thermal reduction process assisted with magnesium powder. The electrochemical properties of Si nanotubes were investigated as anode of lithium-ion batteries. It was demonstrated that the as-developed Si nanotubes showed significantly improved rate capability and long-term cycling performance compared with commercial silicon meshes.     

Recent progress on lithium-ion batteries with high electrochemical performance

Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) have been widely used in many fields such as portable electronics and electric vehicles since their successful commercialization in the 1990 s. However, the electrochemical performance of current commercial LIBs still needs to be further improved to meet the continuously increasing demands for energy storage applications. Recently, tremendous research efforts have been made in developing next-generation LIBs with enhanced electrochemical performance. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress of LIBs with high electrochemical performance from four aspects, including cathode materials, anode materials, electrolyte, and separators. We discuss not only the commercial electrode materials(LiCoO_2,LiFePO_4, LiMn_2O_4, LiNi_xMn_yCo_zO_2, LiNi_xCo_yAl_zO_2, and graphite) but also other promising next-generation materials such as Li-, Mn-rich layered oxides, organic cathode materials, Si, and Li metal. For each type of materials, we highlight their problems and corresponding strategies to enhance their electrochemical performance. Nowadays, one of the key challenges to construct high-performance LIBs is how to develop cathode materials with high capacity and working voltage. This review provides an overview and future perspectives to develop next-generation LIBs with high electrochemical performance.     

First-principles studies on doped graphene as anode materials in lithium-ion batteries

Using density functional theory computations, we investigated Li adsorption, diffusion, and desorption in pristine, B- or N-doped graphene. Compared with pristine graphene, B-doping significantly enhances Li adsorption, whereas Li adsorption is slightly weakened on N-doped graphene, which should be attributed to the different electronic structures due to doping. Li diffusion on various graphene systems was also computed through nudged elastic band method, and the results revealed that Li diffusion on N-doped graphene is faster than on pristine and B-doped graphene. Moreover, for Li desorption from the graphene substrate, N-doped graphene showed the lowest desorption barrier. Our results are in agreement with recent experimental reports and also demonstrate that N-doped graphene is a promising anode material with high-rate charge/discharge ability for Li-ion batteries.     

Flower-like SnO2 nanoparticles grown on graphene as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Tin oxide (SnO₂)/graphene composite was synthesized from SnCl₂?·?2H₂O and graphene oxide (GO) by a wet chemical-hydrothermal route. The GO was reduced to graphene nanosheet (GNS) and flower-like SnO₂ nano-crystals with size about 40 nm were homogeneously distributed on the surface of GNS. The SnO₂/graphene composites delivered a superior first discharge capacity of 1941.9 mAhg^?1 with a reversible capacity of 901.7 mAhg^?1 at the current density of 100 mAg^?1. Moreover, even at higher densities of 200 and 500 mAg^?1, the SnO₂/graphene composite still maintained enhanced cycling stability. After 40 cycles, the discharge capacity was still maintained at 691.1 mAhg^?1 at the current density of 100 mAg^?1. The SnO₂/graphene composite displayed an outstanding Li-battery performance with large reversible capacity and enhanced rate performance, which can be attributed to the highly uniform distribution of SnO₂ nanoparticles and high reduction degree of graphene. This result strongly indicates that the SnO₂/graphene composite was a promising anode material in high-performance lithium-ion batteries.     

Recent progress in lithium-ion and lithium metal batteries

Moving towards carbon-free energy and global commercialization of electric vehicles stimulated extensive development in the field of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and to date, many scientific and technological advances have been achieved. The number of research works devoted to developing high-capacity and stable materials for lithium- ion and lithium metal batteries (LMBs) is constantly rising. This review covers the main progress in the development of LIBs and LMBs based on research works published in 2021. One of the main goals in the recent publications is to solve the problem of instability of layered nickel-rich lithium– nickel–cobalt–manganese oxides (Ni-rich NMC) cathodes, as well as silicon anodes. Improving the stability of NMC cathodes can be achieved by doping them with cations as well as by coating the oxides’ surfaces with protective layers (organic polymers and inorganic materials). The most effective strategies for dampening volumetric changes in silicon anodes include using porous silicon structures, obtaining composites with carbon, coating silicon-containing particles with inorganic or polymeric materials, and replacing standard binder materials. Much work has been devoted to suppressing dendrite formation in LMBs by forming stable coating layers on the surface of lithium metal, preparing composite anodes and alloys, and changing the composition of electrolytes. At the same time, in the field of electrolyte development, many research works have been devoted to the search for new hybrid polymer electrolytes containing lithium-conducting inorganic materials.     

Bimetal cobalt-zinc MOF and its derivatives as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The purplish-red rod-like crystal structure of novel bimetallic metal–organic-frameworks (MOF) {CoZn[(4,4′-BDA)(Phen)]2}n has been obtained by...     

Superior storage performance of carbon nanosprings as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Carbon nanosprings (CNSs) with spring diameter of ～140 nm, carbon ring diameter of ～100 nm and pitch distance of ～150 nm, synthesized by using a catalytic chemical vapor deposition technology, have been investigated for potential applicability in lithium batteries as anode materials. The electrochemical results demonstrate that the present CNSs are superior anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with high-rate capabilities, as well as long-term cycling life. At a current density as high as 3 A g^?1, CNSs can still deliver a reversible capacity of 160 mA h g^?1, which is about six times larger than that of graphite and three times larger than that of multi-wall carbon nanotubes under the same current density. After hundreds of cycles, there is no significant capacity loss for CNSs at both low and high current densities. The much improved electrochemical performances could be attributed to the nanometer-sized building blocks as well as the unusual spring-like morphology.     

Influence of graphene oxide on electrochemical performance of Si anode material for lithium-ion batteries

We have developed a Si/graphene oxide electrode synthesized via ultrasonication-stirring method under alkaline condition. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscope(TEM), EDS dot-mapping and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) results show that Si particles are evenly dispersed on the graphene oxide sheets. The electrochemical performance was investigated by galvanostatic charge/discharge tests at room temperature. The results revealed that Si/graphene oxide electrode exhibited a high reversible capacity of 2825 mAh/g with a coulombic efficiency of 94.6%at 100 mA/g after 15 cycles and a capacity retention of 70.8% after 105 cycles at 4000 mA/g. These performance parameters show a great potential in the high-performance batteries application for portable electronics, electric vehicles and renewable energy storage.     

Silicon nanowires with and without carbon coating as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Silicon nanowires (Si NWs) with and without carbon coating were successfully prepared by combination of chemical vapor deposition and thermal evaporation method. The morphologies, structures, and compositions of these nanomaterials were characterized in detail. Furthermore, the electrochemical performances of uncoated and carbon-coated Si NWs as anode materials were also studied. It shows that the carbon-coated Si NWs electrode has higher capacity, better cycle stability, and rate capability than the uncoated materials. For example, it delivers 3,702 and 3,082 mAh g⁻¹ in the initial charge and discharge processes. When cycled between 0.02 and 2.0 V at a current density of 210 mA g⁻¹, it yields a high coulombic efficiency of 83.2%. The discharge capacity still remains around 2,150 mAh g⁻¹ after 30 cycles.     

Effect of graphene nanosheet addition on the electrochemical performance of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

The structure and electronic properties of graphene nanosheet (GNS) render it a promising conducting agent in a lithium-ion battery. A graphite electrode loaded with GNS exhibits superior electrochemical properties including higher rate performance, increased specific capacity and better cycle performance compared with that obtained by adding the traditional conducting agent–acetylene black. The high-quality sp² carbon lattice, quasi-two-dimensional crystal structure and high aspect ratio of GNS provide the basis for a continuous conducting network to counter the decrease in electrode conductivity with increasing number of cycles, and guarantee efficient and fast electronic transport throughout the anode. Effects of GNS loading content on the electrochemical properties of graphite electrode are investigated and results indicate that the amount of conductive additives needed is decreased by using GNS. The kinetics and mechanism of lithium-storage for a GNS-loaded electrode are explored using a series of electrochemical testing techniques.     

High-performance self-organized Si nanocomposite anode for lithium-ion batteries

Silicon is being investigated extensively as an anodic material for next-generation lithium ion batteries for portable energy storage and electric vehicles.However,the large changes in volume during cycling lead to the breakdown of the conductive network in Si anodes and the formation of an unstable solid-electrolyte interface,resulting in capacity fading.Here,we demonstrate nanoparticles with a Si@Mn_(22.6)Si_(5.4)C_4@C double-shell structure and the formation of self-organized Si-Mn-C nanocomposite anodes during the lithiation/delithiation process.The anode consists of amorphous Si particles less than 10 nm in diameter and separated by an interconnected conductive/buffer network,which exhibits excellent charge transfer kinetics and charge/discharge performances.A stable specific capacity of 1100 mAh·g~(-1) at 100 mA·g~(-1) and a coulombic efficiency of 99.2%after 30 cycles are achieved.Additionally,a rate capacity of 343 mAh·g~(-1) and a coulombic efficiency of 99.4%at 12000 mA·g~(-1) are also attainable.Owing to its simplicity and applicability,this strategy for improving electrode performance paves a way for the development of high-performance Si-based anodic materials for lithium ion batteries.