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1.
Pulse radiolysis technique has been used to investigate the reaction of oxide radical ion (O.–) with 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methyl pyrimidine (DHMP), 2,4-dimethyl-6-hydroxy pyrimidine (DMHP), 5,6-dimethyl uracil (DMU) and 6-methyl uracil (MU) in strongly alkaline medium. The second-order rate constants for the reaction of O.– with these compounds are in the range 2-5 × 108 dm3 mol–1 s–1. The transient absorption spectra obtained with DHMP have two maxima at 290 and 370 nm and with DMHP have maxima at 310 and 470 nm. The transient spectrum from DMU is characterized by its absorption maxima at 310 and 520 nm and that of MU by its single maximum at 425 nm. The intermediate species were found to react with N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (TMPD) with high G(TMPD.+) values ranged between 3.9 × 10–7 molJ–1 and 4.8 × 10–7 molJ–1. These radicals undergo decay by second-order kinetics (2k/ = 1.0-1.7 × 106 s–1). The reaction of O.– with the selected pyrimidines is proposed to proceed through a hydrogen abstraction from the methyl group forming allyl type radicals. These are mainly oxidizing radicals and hence readily undergo electron transfer reactions with TMPD.  相似文献   

2.
The pulse radiolysis technique has been employed to study the reaction of ·OH radical with tryptophanol (TPN). Reactions of specific one-electron oxidants like Br2· - and N3· and ·H atom were carried out to understand the contribution of different channels of · OH radical reaction with TPN. The studies were carried out in the pH range 3 to 10. One-electron oxidation of TPN (pH 3) produced radical cation absorbing at 570 nm. However, at higher pH, deprotonation of TPN cation radical takes place from N(1) position and indolyl radical absorbing at 520 nm with a p K a value of 3.6 is formed. Redox titration with TMPD, ABTS2- and MV2+ was performed to determine the total yield of oxidizing and reducing radicals produced during ·OH reaction.  相似文献   

3.
The nature, optical spectra, and kinetic characteristics were determined for intermediate radicals formed upon the photolysis of aqueous solutions of a FeOHaq 2+ complex with phenol additives. The primary radical ·OH reacts with phenol to form ortho- and para-isomers of the Ph(OH)2 · radical. The Ph(OH)2 · radical eliminates a water molecule to form a phenoxyl radical PhO·. The latter disappears in the reactions with FeIII complexes, recombination, and disproportionation. The final products of photochemical transformations were determined. Among them, o-quinone and diphenoquinones were identified.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2605–2612, December, 2004.  相似文献   

4.
Allopurinol (ALP), an inhibitor of the xanthine oxidase enzime, is reported to provide protection against free-radical mediated damage by various mechanisms, including free-radical scavenging and metal chelation (i.e. Cu(II)). To obtain a wider insight into the molecular aspects of the beneficial action of ALP, free ALP and the Cu(II)- ALP system were investigated by radiation chemical and spectroscopic studies. Pulse radiolysis experiments show that ALP is a good · OH scavenger (1.8 × 109 and 5.4 × 109 M-1 s-1 at pH 6.0 and 11.0, respectively), leading to · OH-adducts and transient semi-oxidized species, such as phenoxyl radicals. The latter are also formed by the reaction of ALP with some specific one-electron oxidizing radicals (i.e. N3 and SO4 -). The semi-oxidized species are stabilized by their resonance properties and scarcely react with oxygen. In addition, the chelation of Cu(II) by ALP does not significantly affect the reactivity of the drug towards ·OH (2.5×09 M-1 s-1). Raman and the IR spectra support the good chelating ability of ALP, indicating the formation of two Cu(II)- ALP complexes with a slightly different structure. Depending on the metal/ligand ratio, pyrimidine nitrogens may take part to the Cu(II) co-ordination in addition to the N pyrazolic atoms and the C O groups of some ALP molecules. These results suggest that ALP may inhibit oxidative damage both through the direct radical scavenging and the copper-chelation mechanism. In fact, both the conversion of a harmful radical, such as ·OH, into a less reactive transient species, and the capture of copper ions, which play a relevant role in metal-catalysed generation of reactive oxygen species, will prove beneficial for the cell protection.  相似文献   

5.
The visible light irradiation of the [(η5-C6H7)Fe(η-C6H6)]+ cation (1) in acetonitrile resulted in the substitution of the benzene ligand to form the labile acetonitrile species [(η5-C6H7)Fe(MeCN)3]+ (2). The reaction of 1 with ButNC in MeCN produced the stable isonitrile complex [(η5-C6H7)Fe(ButNC)3]+ (3). The photochemical reaction of cation 1 with pentaphosphaferrocene Cp*Fe(η-cyclo-P5) afforded the triple-decker cation with the bridging pentaphospholyl ligand, [(η5-C6H7)Fe(μ-η:η-cyclo-P5)FeCp*]+ (4). The latter complex was also synthesized by the reaction of cation 2 with Cp*Fe(η-cyclo-P5). The structure of the complex [3]PF6 was established by X-ray diffraction. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2088–2091, November, 2007.  相似文献   

6.
The stoichiometry and stability constants of the complexes formed between [Pd(MAMP)(H2O)2]2+ and various biologically relevant ligands containing different functional groups were investigated. The ligands used are amino acids, peptides and DNA constituents. The results show the formation of 1:1 complexes with amino acids and peptides and the corresponding deprotonated amide species. Structural effects of peptides on amide deprotonation were investigated. The purine and pyrimidine bases uracil, uridine, cytosine, inosine, inosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-IMP) and thymine form 1:1 and 1:2 complexes. The concentration distribution of the various complex species was calculated as a function of pH. The effect of chloride ion concentration on the formation constant of CBDCA with Pd(MAMP)2+ was also reported. The results show ring opening of CBDCA and monodentate complexation of the DNA constituent with the formation of [Pd(MAMP)(CBDCA-O)DNA], where (CBDCA-O) represents cyclobutane dicarboxylate coordinated by one carboxylate oxygen. The equilibrium constant of the displacement reaction of coordinated inosine, as a typical DNA constituent, by SMC and/or methionine was calculated. The results are expected to contribute to the chemistry of antitumor agents. The calculated parameters of the optimized complexes support the measured formation constants.  相似文献   

7.
It is demonstrated by ESR measurements that O 2 (CO + O2) radical anions result from CO + O2 adsorption on the oxidized surface of CeO2. These radical anions are stabilized in the coordination sphere of Ce4+ cations located in isolated and associated anionic vacancies. This reaction shows an activation behavior determined by CO adsorption. The variation of O 2 (CO + O2) concentration with CO adsorption temperature suggests that surface carbonates and carboxylates participate in this reaction. In the (0.5– 10.0)%CeO2/ZrO2 system, O 2 forms on supported CeO2 and is stabilized on Ce4+ and Zr4+ cations. The stability of O 2 -Ce4+ complexes is lower on supported CeO2 than on unsupported CeO2, indicating a strong interaction between the cerium cations and the support.__________Translated from Kinetika i Kataliz, Vol. 46, No. 3, 2005, pp. 423–429.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Il’ichev, Kuli-zade, Korchak.  相似文献   

8.
Summary The adsorption of 99Tc on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 was studied by batch experiments under aerobic and anoxic conditions. The effects of pH and CO32- concentration of the simulated ground water on the adsorption ratios were also investigated, and the valences of Tc in solution after the adsorption equilibrium were studied by solvent extraction. The adsorption isotherms of TcO4- on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were determined. Experimental results have shown that the adsorption ratio of Tc on Fe decreases with the increase of pH in the range of 5-12 and increases with the decrease of the CO32- concentration in the range of 10-8M-10-2M. Under aerobic conditions, the adsorption ratios of 99Tc on Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were not influenced by pH and CO32-concentration. When Fe was used as adsorbent, Tc existed mainly in the form of Tc(IV) after equilibrium and in the form of Tc(VII) when the adsorbent was Fe2O3 or Fe3O4 under aerobic conditions. The adsorption ratios of Tc on Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 decreased with the increase of pH in the range of 5-12 and increased with the decrease of the CO32- concentration in the range of 10-8M-10-2M under anoxic conditions. Tc existed mainly in the form of Tc(IV) after equilibrium when Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 was the adsorbent under anoxic conditions. The adsorption isotherms of TcO4- on the adsorbers Fe, Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 are fairly in agreement with the Freundlich’s equation under both aerobic and anoxic conditions.  相似文献   

9.
The interactions of carotenoids (bixin, β-carotene and lycopene) with CCl3OO. in aqueous and i-propylalcohol solution saturated with air have been studied by pulse radiolysis. For bixin and β-carotene reaction products from forming process, absorbing in the region of 650 nm, is observed with concomitant carotenoid bleaching (bixin at 500 nm, β-carotene at 450 nm). Their rate constants from forming process are 1.78 ×108 and 7.8 ×107 mol-1 · L · s-1 respectively. However, in the case of lycopene, no such a forming process of reaction as bixin and β-carotene can be observed although there is the bleaching reaction (rate constant 4 ×107 mol-1 · L · s-1). The results suggest that the carotenoid radical cation and an additional radical are produced in the case of bixin and β-carotene, whereas lycopene undergoes electron transfer with CCl3OO., forming cation radical.  相似文献   

10.
Summary New anion derivatives of the closo-decaborate [B10H10]2- bearing amine or phosphine groups were tested for the extraction of radioactive cesium cations in acidic medium. The technique used is the liquid-liquid extraction based on the complexation of Cs+ by these anions to form neutral compounds which are extracted by organic solvents (diluents) of medium polarity. Promising results were obtained with the anion [1-(C6H5CH2)2(C6H5)NB10H9]- (3) soluble in many organic solvents. The most efficient diluent for the extraction is nitrobenzene. Using hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid in the aqueous medium instead of nitric acid does not significantly affect the efficiency of Cs+ extraction.  相似文献   

11.
The crystal structure of Na3NpO2(OOCCH3)3ClO4 · H2O was studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. The structure is composed of the complex anions NpO2(OOCCH3)3]2−, perchlorate anions, Na cations, and water molecules. The oxygen environment of Np(V) is a hexagonal bipyramid whose equatorial plane is formed by the oxygen atoms of three acetate ions. In addition to the acetate anions, the structure contains the perchlorate ion whose oxygen atoms, except for one, are included in the coordination environment of Na+ cations.__________Translated from Koordinatsionnaya Khimiya, Vol. 31, No. 8, 2005, pp. 636–640.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Charushnikova, Fedoseev, Starikova.  相似文献   

12.
The corrected selectivity coefficients of the ion exchange H+-Na+ and H+-NH4 + on ion-exchange resins based on C-tetramethylcalix[4]resorcinarene were calculated from the experimental data obtained from studying ion-exchange equilibria. The preference of the ion-exchange resins for cations increases in the sequence: Na+ < NH4 + < < H+, and the ion-exchange resin based on (2-furyl)hydroxymethyltetramethylcalix[4]resorcinarene has a higher preference for ammonium cations. According to the results of microcalorimetric measurements, the exchange H+-Na+ on this ion-exchange resin is accompanied by the highest change in the differential enthalpy. It follows from the quantum-chemical calculations that the introduction of a (2-furyl)hydroxymethyl group into the structure of the polymer induces additional electrostatic interactions between an ammonium cation and an elementary unit of the ion-exchange resin.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 12, pp. 2560–2563, December, 2004.  相似文献   

13.
Structural parameters of the cation [C(NPCl3)3]+ in vacuum and in acetonitrile are calculated by the methods RHF/6-311G(3d6), RHF/6-31(3d5) and B3LYP/6-311(3d5f7). Formation energy of the free adduct (MeCN) 2[C(NPCl3)3]+ is calculated and nonspecific character of interaction of the cation with liquid acetonitrile is established. Vibration spectrum of the cation is calculated and theoretical interpretation of IR and Raman spectra of the salt [C(NPCl3)3]+[SbCl6]? is refined.  相似文献   

14.
Complexation behavior of NpO2 + with ortho-silicic acid (o-SA) has been studied using solvent extraction at ionic strengths varying from 0.10 to 1.00M (NaClO4) at pcH 3.68±0.08 and 25 °C with bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (HDEHP) as the extractant. The stability constant value (log β1) for the 1:1 complex, NpO2(OSi(OH)3), was found to decrease with increase in ionic strength of the aqueous phase [6.83±0.01 at I=0.10M to 6.51±0.02 at I = 1.00M]. These values have been fitted in the SIT model expression and compared with similar values of complexation of the metal ions Am3+, Eu3+, UO2 2+, PuO2 2+, Np4+, Ni2+ and Co2+. The speciation of NpO2 +-o-silicate/carbonate system has been calculated as a function of pcH under ground water conditions. On leave from Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400 085, India.  相似文献   

15.
Gas-phase infrared photodissociation spectroscopy is reported for the microsolvated [Mn(ClO4)(H2O) n ]+ and [Mn2(ClO4)3(H2O) n ]+ complexes from n = 2 to 5. Electrosprayed ions are isolated in an ion-trap where they are photodissociated. The 2600–3800 cm−1 spectral region associated with the OH stretching mode is scanned with a relatively low-power infrared table-top laser, which is used in combination with a CO2 laser to enhance the photofragmentation yield of these strongly bound ions. Hydrogen bonding is evidenced by a relatively broad band red-shifted from the free OH region. Band assignment based on quantum chemical calculations suggest that there is formation of water—perchlorate hydrogen bond within the first coordination shell of high-spin Mn(II). Although the observed spectral features are also compatible with the formation of structures with double-acceptor water in the second shell, these structures are found relatively high in energy compared with structures with all water directly bound to manganese. Using the highly intense IR beam of the free electron laser CLIO in the 800–1700 cm−1, we were also able to characterize the coordination mode (η2) of perchlorate for two clusters. The comparison of experimental and calculated spectra suggests that the perchlorate Cl—O stretches are unexpectedly underestimated at the B3LYP level, while they are correctly described at the MP2 level allowing for spectral assignment.  相似文献   

16.
Isotherms of copper cation sorption by H-ZSM-5 zeolite from aqueous and aqueous ammonia solutions of copper acetate, chloride, nitrate, and sulfate are considered in terms of Langmuir’s monomolecular adsorption model. Using UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and temperatureprogrammed reduction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide, it has been demonstrated that the electronic state of the copper ions is determined by the ion exchange and heat treatment conditions. The state of the copper ions has an effect on the redox properties and reactivity of the Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO with propane and in N2O decomposition. The amount of Cu2+ that is sorbed by zeolite H-ZSM-5 from aqueous solution and is stabilized as isolated Cu2+ cations in cationexchange sites of the zeolite depends largely on the copper salt anion. The quantity of Cu(II) cations sorbed from aqueous solutions of copper salts of strong acids is smaller than the quantity of the same cations sorbed from the copper acetate solution. When copper chloride or sulfate is used, the zeolite is modified by the chloride or sulfate anion. Because of the presence of these anions, the redox properties and nitrogen oxides removal (DeNO x ) efficiency of the Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts prepared using the copper salts of strong acids are worse than the same characteristics of the sample prepared using the copper acetate solution. The addition of ammonia to the aqueous solutions of copper salts diminishes the copper salt anion effect on the amount of Cu(II) sorbed from these solutions and hampers the nonspecific sorption of anions on the zeolite surface. As a consequence, the redox and DeNO x properties of Cu-ZSM-5 depend considerably on the NH4OH/Cu2+ ratio in the solution used in ion exchange. The aqueous ammonia solutions of the copper salts with NH4OH/Cu2+ = 6–10 stabilize, in the Cu-ZSM-5 structure, Cu2+ ions bonded with extraframework oxygen, which are more active in DeNO x than isolated Cu2+ ions (which form at NH4OH/Cu2+ = 30) or nanosized CuO particles (which form at NH4OH/Cu2+ = 3).  相似文献   

17.
Summary Heat capacity measurements of the two-dimensional metal-assembled complex, (NEt4)[{MnIII(salen)}2FeIII(CN)6] [Et=ethyl, salen= N,N’-ethylenebis(salicylideneaminato) dianion], were performed in the temperature range between 0.2 and 300 K by adiabatic calorimetry. A ferrimagnetic phase transition was observed at Tc1=7.51 K. Furthermore, another small magnetic phase transition appeared at Tc2=0.78 K. Above Tc1, a heat capacity tail arising from the short-range ordering of the spins characteristic of two-dimensional magnets was found. The magnetic enthalpy and entropy were evaluated to be ΔH=291 J mol-1 and ΔS=27.4 J K-1 mol-1, respectively. The experimental magnetic entropy agrees roughly with ΔS=Rln(5·5·2) (=32.5 J K-1 mol-1; R being the gas constant), which is expected for the metal complex with two Mn(III) ions in high-spin state (spin quantum number S=2) and one Fe(III) ion in low-spin state (S=1/2). The heat capacity tail above Tc1 became small by grinding and pressing the crystal. This mechanochemical effect would be attributed to the increase of lattice defects and imperfections in the crystal lattice, leading not only to formation of the crystal with a different magnetic phase transition temperature but also to decrease of the magnetic heat capacity and thus the magnetic enthalpy and entropy.  相似文献   

18.
Equilibrium structures of the isomers and transition states of their interconversion in the system C4H11M+ (M = Si, Ge) have been obtained at theB3LYP level of theory using the cc-pVTZ basis set. The structures of these stationary points are close for Si and Ge; the most stable isomer in both systems is the tertiary cation (C2H5)(CH3)2M+, the second in energy is complex with ethylene [(CH3)2HM·C2H4]+. The secondary cation (C2H5)2HM+ is third in energy isomer, the height of the barrier of interconversion for these three cations being practically independent on M. However, for M = Ge a substantial decrease in the energy of isomeric forms corresponding to complexes with alkanes is observed. As a result, in the system C4H11Ge+ the fourth in energy is isomer [(C2H5)Ge·C2H6]+ rather than [(C2H5)H2Ge·C2H4]+ as for M = Si. Nevertheless, the height of the barriers for transition into these structures, although decreasing from M = Si to Ge, remain rather high, and the most favorable route of decomposition in both systems is the elimination of ethylene.  相似文献   

19.
The reaction mechanism of (CH3)3CO. radical with NO is theoretically investigated at the B3LYP/6-31G* level. The results show that the reaction is multi-channel in the single state and triplet state. The potential energy surfaces of reaction paths in the single state are lower than that in the triple state. The balance reaction: (CH3)3CONO⇔(CH3)3CO.+NO, whose potential energy surface is the lowest in all the reaction paths, makes the probability of measuring (CH3)3CO. radical increase. So NO may be considered as a stabilizing reagent for the (CH3)3CO. radical.  相似文献   

20.
[Co(NH3)6][AuX4]X2 binary complex salts, where X = Cl? (I) and Br? (II), have been obtained and defined by element, X-ray diffraction, and thermal analyses and by IR, Raman, and electron spectroscopy. The compounds are isostructural. Their structural units are the [Co(NH3)6]3+ complex cations, the [AuX4]? complex anions, and the X? anions. The plane square environment of the gold atom is completed to an elongated bipyramid by two halide ions lying at distances Au...Cl 3.245 Å for I and Au...Br 3.362 Å for II. The thermolysis products of I and II are pure gold and cobalt metal powders when thermolysis is performed under hydrogen and a mixture of metallic gold with cobalt halide in a reaction under an inert atmosphere.  相似文献   

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