Effective bandwidth reduction for a high-power laser-diode array by an external-cavity technique

bandwidth of a high-power laser-diode array was effectively suppressed by use of an off-axis external-cavity technique. The external cavity consisted of a beam-transformation system and a pair of off-axis volume Bragg gratings. During operation at a drive current of 40 A, we reduced the bandwidth's full width at half-maximum from 3.3 to 0.24 nm (14-fold reduction) and achieved an output power of 20 W, or as much as 87% of the power radiated by a free-running laser-diode array without an external cavity.     

改善高功率激光二极管阵列光束质量的一种新方法

根据波导模理论，推导了高功率激光二极管阵列的远场分布，根据其分布特点，设计了一种离轴外腔.运用这种外腔，在工作电流为17A时，光束的束宽积从自由运转时的1100mm·mrad减小到128mm·mrad，二极管阵列的光束质量提高了8.5倍左右，输出功率约为自由运转时的75%.     

拟柱面激光二极管阵列端面泵浦方式提高固体激光器性能

就高功率激光二极管阵列端面泵浦大口径放大器提出一种新的耦合方式：激光二极管阵列拟柱面排布,即所有激光二极管面阵成１维圆弧型排列,圆弧的圆心在增益介质的几何中心,其后紧接一个空心导管进行耦合传输。建立了3维光线追迹程序对这种新耦合方式的特性进行模拟。模拟计算结果表明：这种耦合方式中二极管阵列排布方式灵活,当二极管阵列面阵单元以1×12（圆弧方向）、2×6（圆弧方向）、3×4（圆弧方向）这3种排布方式排布时,在较大的圆半径变化范围内均能实现高的输出耦合效率和高的能量沉积效率;当增益介质紧贴导管输出放置时,3种方式排列均能在增益介质中实现均匀平顶分布;当快轴方向所排阵列个数与慢轴方向所排阵列个数之比接近慢轴发散角与快轴发散角之比时,能获得更好的耦合效果。     

Effective suppression of beam divergence for a high-power laser diode bar by an external-cavity technique

We describe effective suppression of beam divergence for a high-power laser diode bar by use of an external-cavity technique. Nineteen off-axis external-cavity laser diodes of the high-power laser diode are formed by feedback with a stripe mirror. At three times the threshold current, the diverging angle (1/e2) of the external-cavity laser diode bar is reduced to 1.5 degrees from 6.6 degrees (free running) with 14.1-W peak output power and 70.4% of the radiated power of the free-running state without the external cavity. This technique effectively improves the beam quality of the high-power laser diode bar.     

Spectrally narrowed external-cavity high-power stack of laser diode arrays

We describe an effective external cavity for narrowing the spectral linewidth of a multiarray stack of laser diode arrays. For a commercially available 279-W free-running five-array laser diode array operating at 60 A, we narrow the spectral linewidth to 0.40 nm at FWHM with 115 W of cw power output. This technique leads to the possibility of higher-efficiency, lower-cost production of hyperpolarized noble gases for magnetic resonance imaging.     

热透镜控制激光光束质量技术研究

在端面抽运固体激光器中,就如何改善在高抽运功率时输出激光的光束质量,提出一种激光器的设计方法。在激光器谐振腔中放入多根掺杂浓度不同的激光介质,利用激光介质内部产生的热透镜控制抽运光和基模振荡光的空间分布,并且最大限度地使抽运光的分布区和基模振荡光分布区重叠,实现抽运光与基模振荡光在空间上高度匹配,进而提高抽运光能量的利用效率和振荡光的光束质量。实验表明,在不同抽运功率下,抽运光和基模振荡光在晶体内部的光斑的空间分布可通过热透镜加以控制。在端面抽运功率200 W附近时,实现了抽运光与基模振荡光较高程度匹配,光束质量因子M2由14.7改善为4.1。     

Application of high-power ion beam for silver nanoparticle formation

Silver nanoparticles produced on the surface of soda-lime glass by nanosecond high-power ion beam irradiation were studied by optical methods. Influence of the ion irradiation characteristics on the optical properties of Ag nanoparticles was discussed.     

Spatially variable retardation plate for beam brightness enhancement in a high-power laser

We present a simple and robust method for brightness enhancement, efficiently transforming a radially polarized LG (0,1)(*) mode into a nearly Gaussian beam of much higher quality. We use for this a spatially variable retardation plate and a spatial filter. The analysis shows that the transformation yields an increase in brightness by a factor of 3.4. In the experiment, we transformed a high-power Nd:YAG radially polarized (0,1)(*) LG beam with power of 70 W and M(2)=2.6 into a nearly Gaussian beam with M(2)=1.36. This resulted in brightness enhancement by a factor of 2.6.     

A high beam quality laser-diode end-pumped Nd:GdVO<Subscript>4</Subscript> slab laser

An 83 W, near-diffraction-limited LD end-pumped Nd:GdVO₄ slab laser with hybrid resonator was presented with the pumping power of 238 W, the slope efficiency and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency were 39.4 and 34.9%, respectively. At the output power of 70 W, beam quality M² factors were 1.2 in stable direction and 1.3 in unstable direction.     

Interaction of a high-power laser beam with low-density porous media

We have experimentally investigated the processes of laser light absorption and energy transfer in porous targets made of “agar-agar” (C₁₄H₁₈O₇) with an average density of 1–4 mg/cm³ illuminated by the focused beam of a neodymium laser with an intensity of 10¹⁴ W/cm² within a pulse of duration 2.5 ns. Many important scientific and technical problems, e.g., inertial-confinement thermonuclear fusion, the creation of lasers in the x-ray regime, and the modeling of astrophysical phenomena under laboratory conditions, can be successfully addressed by using low-density porous media as components of such targets. In our experiments with porous targets of variable density and thickness we used optical and x-ray diagnostic methods, which ensured that our measurements were made with high temporal and spatial resolution. We show that a region forms within the porous target consisting of a dense high-temperature plasma which effectively absorbs the laser radiation. Energy is transferred from the absorption region to the surrounding layer of porous material at up to 2×10⁷ cm/s. Experimental data are in good agreement with the predictions of our theoretical model, which takes into account the specific features of absorption of laser radiation in a porous material and is based on representing the energy transfer within the material as a hydrothermal wave. Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 111, 903–918 (March 1997)     

Wave optics simulation approach for high-power laser beam combination

A numerical wave optics approach for simulating multiplex super Gaussian beam combination in high-power laser facility is presented. The approach involves the application of a sequence of random phase screens and von Karman turbulence phase to an initial beam field and the summation of the intensity results. The analytical and numerical calculation results have been given to illustrate the properties of the resulting far-field pattern after coherent, incoherent and spatially coherent combination, and some of that are compared with experimental results. The approach can be used for modeling and evaluating applications such as high-power laser shooting that might utilize different beams combining approach.     

带状束高功率微波源宽通带收集极

设计了一种适用于带状电子束高功率微波源的宽通带收集极,在有效吸收束-波相互作用后的带状电子束的同时,保证了带状电子束高功率微波源的工作模式矩形波导TM11模式高效率地通过。研究结果表明：在13~27 GHz范围内,功率传输效率大于95%,这一宽通带特性使得该类型的收集极与带状电子束高功率微波源能够更好配合,显著提高了微波源的模拟优化和实验调试效率;TM11模式微波的传输效率对收集极厚度和长度等参数不敏感;该类型收集极结构具有良好的散热能力,在不加外部水冷装置的条件下,仅靠空气自然对流冷却和辐射冷却,可以承受电流3 kA、电压300 kV、脉冲宽度30 ns及重复频率50 Hz带状电子束的连续冲击。     

高功率激光器的光谱合束技术研究北大核心CSCD

为了获得高功率激光束,提出利用双色镜对典型波长2种不同类型(脉冲、连续)的高能激光进行合束,以实现高功率高能量激光输出。通过对双色镜的热效应和合束光斑远场激光参数进行仿真分析计算,热效应仿真结果表明,在单束激光10 kW、光斑直径15 mm条件下,双色镜面型热形变量均方根值为0.004λ(λ=632.8 nm),满足光学元件面型小于0.03λ精度要求。搭建了一套基于双色镜的光谱合束系统,并分别进行了高功率连续激光与高功率连续激光、高功率连续激光与高能量脉冲激光的合束试验,合束效率高于95%。试验结果表明,光谱合束可有效应用于高能激光领域。     

Damage in lithium niobate induced by a high-power proton-carbon beam

Surface damage in lithium niobate LiNbO₃ induced by a high-power proton-carbon beam was investigated. Typical damage patterns were observed. The effect of thin metal surface coating on the damage was considered.     

Use of a dielectric stack as a one-dimensional photonic crystal for wavelength demultiplexing by beam shifting

We demonstrate the use of a 30-period dielectric stack structure as a highly dispersive device to spatially separate two beams with a 4-nm wavelength difference by more than their beam width. Unlike previous devices, our structure is simple to fabricate and relatively compact. We discuss possible applications of our device within wavelength-division multiplexing systems.     

Erosion of the GaAs target under irradiation by a high-power pulsed ion beam

The results of examination of the GaAs-target erosion under irradiation by a high-power pulsed ion beam are reported. In the experiments, use was made of a high-power pulsed ion source with the following parameters: ion energy — 250 keV, target current density — 350 A/cm², pulse duration — 80 ns, target energy density — up to 7 J/cm². The target erosion coefficient and its dependence on the number of successive pulses are measured. It is found that the surface roughness parameter is increased with the number of successive beam pulses. A regular structure of surface relief is observed to form in the case where the number of pulses > 20–40. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 1, pp. 66–70, January, 2007.     

一种大功率宽波段激光束散角的校准测试方法

在大功率激光系统的评价与分析中,激光器的光束品质是系统光束品质的决定性因素,也是激光器验收、鉴定的重要指标,其中束散角是判别激光光束质量的重要参数。本系统测试激光波长的范围比较宽,一般在0.532μm～10.6μm之间,没有合适的探测器能够覆盖整个波段,所以采用了一种新的方法来解决宽波段束散角的测量问题。选用CCD成像和扫描狭缝相结合的方法来实现宽波段激光光束束散角的测量,可见光和近红外波段（0.532μm～1.2μm）激光光束采用CCD法测量激光束散角,中红外波段（1.2μm～10.6μm）激光光束采用扫描狭缝法测量激光束散角。两种方法的结合可以较为精确地测量出不同波段的激光束散角。     

半导体激光自混合干涉仪稳定性的仿真分析

利用半导体激光器的Lang-Kobayashi方程,对半导体激光自混合干涉系统的动力学特性进行了仿真分析。研究结果表明,当光反馈系数较小时,激光器处于稳定状态,外腔长度不影响系统的稳定性;当光反馈系数较大时,激光器将进入不稳定状态,对于不同的外腔长度,激光器的稳定状态将发生变化。为实现大量程的位移或距离测量,光反馈系数必须足够小才能保证在较大外腔长度变化范围内,激光器始终处于稳定状态。     

Study on the beam shaping of high-power laser diode bars

Based on the Collins form, the intensity distribution of the resulting beam is derived when Gaussian beams of a high-power laser diode bar pass through a paraxial optical system. Then flattop beam profiles are obtained by a concave cylindrical lens, and the propagation properties are discussed in detail, such as the peak-intensity axis inclined at an angle γi. In addition, an expression to calculate beam angular width is presented.