少周期飞秒准径向偏振光的超快瞬变聚焦矢量场（英文）

研究了基于腔外螺旋相位调制获取高峰值功率飞秒准径向偏振光的方法,结果表明该方法所产生的并非完全纯净的径向偏振光,其径向分量决定了聚焦后纵场的分布,而径向和角向分量共同影响了横场的分布.根据Richard-Wolf矢量衍射理论模拟得到不同纯度下的少周期飞秒准径向偏振光在焦点附近的电场的时空矢量分布,发现其具有中心对称和震荡衰减特点,载波包络相位将对聚焦场的矢量时空分布产生显著影响,从而对飞秒脉冲与电子在聚焦场中的相互作用产生影响.研究结果可为进一步的激光粒子加速分析以及偏振转换器的设计提供依据.     

径向偏振光三维超分辨衍射光学元件设计

针对径向偏振光入射,设计了三维超分辨衍射光学元件。对径向偏振光大数值孔径聚焦特性的分析表明,纵向分量是影响聚焦主瓣的三维光强分布的主要因素。仅考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的纵向分量,沿用线偏振光入射时三维超分辨衍射光学元件的全局优化方法,利用线性规划设计了三维超分辨的0,π结构的纯相位元件。考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的径向和纵向分量,计算了三维超分辨性能。与线偏振光的性能对比表明,尽管仅考虑聚焦场纵向分量设计的衍射光学元件不是全局最优解,但其三维超分辨性能明显优于线偏振光,证明了仅考虑径向偏振光聚焦场的纵向分量进行三维超分辨衍射光学元件优化的有效性。     

离轴矢量光束的紧聚焦特性

基于理查德-沃尔夫矢量衍射积分理论,数值研究了离轴矢量光束经过高数值孔径透镜后的紧聚焦特性.通过对比分析偏振奇点离轴的径向、角向矢量光束紧聚焦后,焦点附近的强度和相位分布规律,提出了一种由广义柱矢量光束设计紧聚焦场的方法.此外,通过分析矢量光束自旋分量的聚焦行为和自旋轨道耦合所诱导的自旋角动量分布变化,讨论了偏振奇点离轴对称破缺对高阶矢量光束紧聚焦场空间结构,特别是其自旋角动量空间分布的影响.该研究结果不仅对矢量光场的紧聚焦特性进行了补充,也为改进和完善焦场分布提供了理论参考.     

少周期飞秒径向偏振脉冲聚焦特性仿真

建立聚焦数值模型,分析少周期径向偏振光聚焦光场的强度以及电场矢量方向周期性变化规律,对比无啁啾少周期径向偏振光脉冲及连续光束聚焦光场的时空电矢量及强度分布.结果表明,光强从聚焦光斑中心处向四周迅速减小且振动方向周期性变化;在相同能量下,相比于连续光,脉冲光的聚焦光斑更小,峰值功率更强;通过控制光程,无啁啾少周期径向偏振光束聚焦场的前向电场强于后向电场,适合于激光电子直接加速.该结果对指导利用少周期径向偏振光进行激光电子直接加速的方案设计及超快显微成像和超快探测具有参考意义.     

少周期飞秒径向偏振脉冲聚焦特性仿真（英文）

建立聚焦数值模型,分析少周期径向偏振光聚焦光场的强度以及电场矢量方向周期性变化规律,对比无啁啾少周期径向偏振光脉冲及连续光束聚焦光场的时空电矢量及强度分布.结果表明,光强从聚焦光斑中心处向四周迅速减小且振动方向周期性变化;在相同能量下,相比于连续光,脉冲光的聚焦光斑更小,峰值功率更强;通过控制光程,无啁啾少周期径向偏振光束聚焦场的前向电场强于后向电场,适合于激光电子直接加速.该结果对指导利用少周期径向偏振光进行激光电子直接加速的方案设计及超快显微成像和超快探测具有参考意义.     

大数值孔径光子筛偏振特性研究

根据角谱理论建立不同偏振照明条件下的光子筛矢量衍射模型。在此基础上,对入射光分别为线偏振光、径向偏振光、切向偏振光三种特殊偏振状态下的光子筛聚焦光强分布进行了模拟分析。研究结果表明,对于大数值孔径光子筛,入射光的偏振特性将对光子筛聚焦光强分布产生巨大影响。线偏振光将使聚焦光斑沿偏振方向拉伸,切向偏振光产生的聚焦光斑具有"中空"结构,而径向偏振光所产生的聚焦光斑呈较为规则的圆形,且其焦深优于线偏照明情况。在激光直写及高分辨成像等光子筛典型应用中采用径向偏振照明将进一步提高系统分辨力。     

非均匀螺旋相位调制下对称破缺角向偏振光束的聚焦特性

提出了一种多参量调控角向偏振光束焦场强度和横向能流的方法.基于矢量衍射积分理论,数值模拟了非均匀螺旋相位和旋转对称振幅挡板调制下角向偏振光束的聚焦特性,讨论了螺旋相位结构和对称振幅挡板联合调制下,角向偏振光束焦场横向能流和偏振态的分布.结果表明:非均匀螺旋相位的引入改变了光场的聚焦特性,导致聚焦场重心产生了偏移;在偶数重旋转对称振幅挡板的联合调制下,焦场中出现了局部的椭圆偏振态和圆偏振态,且焦平面上出现了横向能流;通过调节螺旋相位,不仅可以实现焦场重心的特殊控制,还能进一步丰富焦场偏振态和横向能流分布.这种基于多参量调控焦场强度和能流分布的方法为实现操控特定区域的粒子提供了新的思路.     

角向偏振涡旋光的紧聚焦特性研究以及超长超分辨光针的实现

系统研究了角向矢量涡旋光的紧聚焦焦斑特性,解释了焦平面自旋角动量局域化分布的形成原因.角向矢量涡旋光可分解为左、右旋圆偏振电场叠加,将分解所得的左、右旋分量分别经大数值孔径透镜聚焦,总聚焦电场可视为左、右旋分量聚焦电场的干涉叠加.经分析研究后发现,左、右旋分量各自聚焦电场的纵向分量大小相等、相位相反,完全干涉相消,使得总聚焦电场的纵向分量消失;而各自聚焦电场的横向分量则完全相反,几乎不发生干涉,总聚焦电场表现为非相干叠加.角向偏振光引入涡旋相位后,使得左、右旋电场分量的轨道角动量的拓扑荷数发生变化,拓扑荷数的绝对值不再相等,而是恒定差值为2.因此左、右旋电场的横向分量由于携带不同的拓扑荷数,分别聚在焦平面的不同位置,而横向分量发生非相干叠加,不相互影响,最终形成了总电场偏振态的局域化分布,即自旋角动量局域化分布的现象.随后,本文横向对比了1阶角向矢量涡旋光和径向偏振矢量光的超分辨焦斑特性,分析了各自的优、缺点以及影响焦斑尺寸的因素.最后,兼顾了超分辨光针的性能和实际实现难度,设计了6环带的二元相位板对1阶角向矢量涡旋光进行了波前调制,实现了横向半高全宽为0.391λ,纵向半高全宽为25...     

轴对称矢量光束聚焦特性研究现状及其应用

轴对称矢量光束是一种空间非均匀偏振光束, 中心光强为零, 经物镜聚焦后能在焦点附近产生空间场分量. 在高变迹系数光学系统成像情况下, 与线偏光、圆偏光相比, 径向偏振光与光瞳滤波技术及图像复原技术结合, 能获得较小焦斑, 提高横向分辨力. 介绍了轴对称矢量光束的特性, 基于电偶极子辐射模型和矢量衍射理论研究了轴对称矢量光束经高数值孔径物镜聚焦后的特性, 系统介绍了基于轴对称矢量光束实现光斑紧聚焦的几种方法, 并简述了轴对称矢量光束在差动共焦超分辨成像领域的研究设想. 关键词： 差动共焦显微技术 紧聚焦 光瞳滤波 轴对称矢量光束     

飞秒径向偏振光紧聚焦实验

以飞秒激光器为光源,搭建记录测量聚焦光斑的光学实验系统,研究飞秒径向偏振光紧聚焦特性.数值模拟表明当物镜数值孔径为0.9,波长为750 nm时,线偏振光和径向偏振光焦斑的最小半高全宽分别是1.3 μm和1.0 μm.实验中,使用全息干板作为记录介质,记录和测量微小的聚焦光斑,并通过精密电动平移台实现几十纳米量级步长的移动,获得精确焦平面处的聚焦光斑.测量结果表明,线偏振光和径向偏振光焦斑的最小半高全宽分别是4.6 μm和2.9 μm.在高数值孔径聚焦条件下,径向偏振光可以获得比线偏振光更细锐的聚焦光斑.     

Tight Focusing Properties of Radially Polarized Gaussian Beams with Pair of Vortices

The tight focusing properties of a radially polarized Gaussian beam with a nested pair of vortices having a radial wave front distribution are investigated theoretically by the vector diffraction theory.The results show that the optical intensity in the focal region can be altered considerably by changing the location of the vortices nested in a radially polarized Gaussian beam.It is noted that focal evolution from one annular focal pattern to a highly confined focal spot in the transverse direction is observed corresponding to the change in the location of the optical vortices in the input plane.It is also observed that the generated focal hole or spot lead to a focal shift along the optical axis remarkably under proper radial phase modulation.Hence the proposed system may be applied to construct tunable optical traps for both high and low refractive index particles.     

Investigation of Near-Field Imaging Characteristics of Radial Polarization for Application to Optical Data Storage

Radially polarized incident light can generate a more confined longitudinal electric field on a focal plane in near-field (NF) optics than focusing circularly polarized light. Using this phenomenon, it is feasible to reduce beam spot size on storage media to increase the areal density of optical data storage. A radially polarized beam generates a beam spot which is 20% more confined on the 1st surface of medium than that of circularly polarized light. However, the peak intensity of total electric field sharply decreases and its transverse component is much more dominant inside the media stack. This confirms that radially polarized optics can be a candidate not for an NF recording system but for an NF read-only memory (ROM) system. Potentially, the results could be useful to understand the effect of radial and circular polarizations inside and outside medium for various applications of NF optics.     

Radially polarized hollow Gaussian beam with on-axis spiral optical vortex

The focusing properties of radially polarized hollow Gaussian beam (HGB) with on-axis spiral optical vortex are investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. The phase wavefront of HGB is the function of radial coordinate. Calculation results show that the focusing properties can be altered considerably by beam order of HGB, topological charge of the on-axis optical vortex, and phase parameter that characterizes the radial phase wavefront distribution. Higher topological charge induces focal evolution from one focal spot to annular focal pattern in transverse direction, while phase parameter can lead to focal shift along optical axis remarkably. In addition, focal shift direction can also be adjusted by changing varying direction of phase parameter.     

Effect of annular apodization and pupil beam parameter in the focal region of high NA lens

Focusing properties of the radially polarized axisymmetric Bessel-modulated Gaussian beam with quadratic radial dependence (QBG beam) and annular aperture are investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. Simulation results show that the intensity distribution in the focal region of the radially polarized axisymmetric QBG beam can be adjusted considerably by small beam parameter (μ) and annular aperture (δ). When μ increases, the focal spot may change to focal hole and changes focal pattern remarkably. On introducing annular aperture, focus can split or extends along the optical axis for different μ. In this paper, we have shown the generation of the focal spot, dark focal spot, focal split and increase in focal depth in the axial direction of the incident beam propagating through the aligned optical system.     

Generation of multiple sub wavelength focal spot segments using radially polarized Bessel Gaussian beam with complex phase filter

We propose a new approach for generating multiple focal spot segment of sub wavelength size, by tight focusing of phase modulated radially polarized Bessel Gaussian beam. The focusing properties are investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. We observed that focal segment with multiple focal spots structure separated with different axial distance can be generated by properly tuning the phase of the incident radially polarized Bessel Gaussian (BG) beam. Potential applications of this focal shaping technique are also discussed.     

Radially polarized hyperbolic-cosine-Gaussian beam

Vector beams have attracted much interest recently. In this paper, focusing properties of the radially polarized hyperbolic-cosine-Gaussian beam are investigated. Simulation results show that the focal depth increases with increasing cosine parameter in the cosine term of the beam, while focal spot decreases simultaneously, namely, superresolution occurs. Focal depth increase velocity is quicker for larger cosine parameter, while the transverse focal spot shrinks more quickly for smaller cosine parameter. In addition, for two-portion concentric piecewise radially polarized hyperbolic-cosine-Gaussian beam with π phase shift in center circle portion, focal pattern evolves considerably with increasing cosine parameter, and the evolution principle differs for different radius of the center circle portion. Focal splitting and novel focal spots may appear. This kind of vector beam can be used in optical storage, optical manipulation, and lithography.     

Focal shift of radially polarized axisymmetric Bessel modulated Gaussian beam with radial variance phase plate

Focal shift of the radially polarized axisymmetric QBG beam with radial variance phase plate is investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. Axisymmetric Bessel modulated Gaussian beam with quadratic radial dependence (QBG beam) has attracted much attention recently. Calculation results show that focus shifts considerably by changing the phase parameter C that indicates the radial phase variance speed. Under condition of beam parameter μ of radially polarized axisymmetric QBG beam, there is one focal spot that shifts far away from optical aperture on increasing C. When increases the value of beam parameter, there may occur two focal peaks that also shift remarkably on increasing C.     

Sharper focus for a radially polarized light beam

We experimentally demonstrate for the first time that a radially polarized field can be focused to a spot size significantly smaller [0.16(1)lambda(2)] than for linear polarization (0.26lambda(2)). The effect of the vector properties of light is shown by a comparison of the focal intensity distribution for radially and azimuthally polarized input fields. For strong focusing, a radially polarized field leads to a longitudinal electric field component at the focus which is sharp and centered at the optical axis. The relative contribution of this component is enhanced by using an annular aperture.     

Tight Focusing Properties of Phase Modulated Radially Polarized Laguerre Bessel Gaussian Beam

We propose a new approach for generating a multiple focal spot segment of subwavelength size, by tight focusing of a phase modulated radially polarized Laguerre Bessel Gaussian beam. The focusing properties are investigated theoretically by vector diffraction theory. We observe that the focal segment with multiple focal structures is separated with different axial distances and a super long dark channel can be generated by properly tuning the phase of the incident radially polarized Laguerre Bessel Gaussian beam. We presume that such multiple focal patterns and high intense beam may find applications in atom optics, optical manipulations and multiple optical trapping.     

Double pulse quasi-collinear high harmonic generation scheme as a tool for X-ray laser plasma gain probing

We calculate the field distribution based on the vector diffraction theory for a superposition of spirally phase shifted radially polarized beams. Twisted longitudinally polarized field is found in the focal region. The total intensity as well as the polarization components rotates around the beam axis near the focus. Calculation of the Poynting vector at the focal plane shows that the electromagnetic energy is redistributed between different polarization components. Nonzero value of transverse components of the Poynting vector implies the transverse flow of the energy in the focal region.