Polarographic Catalytic Wave of Lysozyme

Lysozyme(LE)isatypicalproteinwithwell-knownstrUcture.Itcontainsfourdisulfidebonds,andthreeofthemarewraPpedinsideLEmolecule.Thedisulfidebondbetweencys6andcysl27isexposedexternallyinthehydrophilicregi0n.ItwasfoundthatLEyieldedapolarograPhicwaveinO.2mollLNaAc~HAc(pH4.7)buffersolution.Therewereareductionwave(IP,c)andanoxidationwave(IP,a)inthecyclicvoltanunogram.ThepeakcurrentratiobetweenIP,aandIP,cwasl:l.ThepeakpotentialEP,cofthereductionwavewas-().53V(vs,SCE),andtheEP,aoftheoxidatio…     

Catalytic synthesis of O-β-oxoalkylcarbamates

O- β -oxoalkyl-N,N-dialkyl carbamates are obtained, in one-step, by reaction of α -ethynyl alcohols, carbon dioxide and diethylamine, piperidine or pyrrolidine. The reaction is catalyzed by [RuCl₂(Norbornadiene)]_n.     

Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonization of Sulfosalicylic Acid

This paper describes the potential of heterogeneous catalytic ozonization of sulfo-salicylic acid (SSal). It was found that catalytic ozonization in the presence of Mn-Zr-O (a modified manganese dioxide supported on silica gel) had significantly enhanced the removal rate (72%) of total organic carbon (TOC) compared with that of ozonization alone (19%). The efficient removal rate of TOC was probably due to increasing the adsorption ability of catalyst and accelerating decomposition of ozone to produce more powerful oxidants than ozone.     

Studies on Catalytic Conversion of Ethylene

FCC dry gas contains a large amount of ethylene.It is used by most of the refineries in China as fuel or simply burned in atmosphere.Few refineries make good use of the dry gas,so the precious ethylene resource in the dry gas is wasted.In this article,the possibility of catalytic conversion of ethylene to C_3,C_4,and some high molecular weight hydrocarbons in a fixed bed micro-reactor using LTB-1 catalyst,with pure ethylene as feedstock was studied.Effects of reaction temperature,reaction pressure,and feedstock flow rate,on the conversion of ethylene and the distribution of products were investigated to determine the proper reaction parameters to be used in practice.Good results indicate that this study may provide a new way of using the ethylene resource in the FCC dry gas.     

Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of chiral γ-butyrolactones

A tandem catalytic asymmetric aldol reaction/cyclization of β,γ-didehydro-γ-lactones with aldehydes was achieved using chiral tin dibromide as a chiral precatalyst and sodium alkoxide as a base precatalyst. Optically active trans-β,γ-disubstituted γ-butyrolactones were selectively obtained in moderate to high yields with up to 99% ee from γ-aryl-substituted β,γ-didehydro-γ-butyrolactones and bulky aliphatic aldehydes.     

Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO with Methane

The removal of nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases has attracted great attention in recent years, and many approaches have been developed depending on the application. Methane. the main component of natural gas, has great potential as a NO reductant. In this paper, a number of catalysts previous reported for this catalytic reduction of NO have been reviewed, including a direct comparison of the relative activities and effective factors of the catalysts. Reaction mechanisnls have also been explored preliminarily.     

Catalytic Conversion of Methanol by Oxidative Dehydrogenation

This study investigates the effects of addition of oxygen on the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of methanol when a fluorotetrasilicic mica ion-exchanged with palladium (Pd2 -TSM) was used as the catalyst. The reaction proceeded at a very low temperature in the presence of oxygen, and HCOOCH3 was obtained at high selectivity. By calculating the equilibrium conversion, it has been shown that substantial ODH took place for HCOOCH3 production. Consequently, this reaction would make dehydrogenation the dominant reaction at equilibrium. Not all the H dissociated from CH3OH was converted to H2O by oxidation. It has been shown that the H2O was not produced from oxidative dehydrogenation by the direct reaction of CH3OH and O2 when an attempt was made to carry out oxidative dehydrogenation using an isotope oxygen trace method in the gas phase. Therefore, when CH3OH was converted to CO2 and dehydrogenated to HCOOCH3, the C—O bonds were not dissociated.     

Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl pyrrolines

Enantioselective synthesis of β-trifluoromethylated pyrrolines has been developed by the organocatalyzed-conjugated addition of nitromethane to β-trifluoromethylated enones, followed by a nitro-reduction/cyclization/dehydration sequence in a one-pot procedure with 97-98% ees.     

Catalytic Acylation of Ethylidenecyclohexane over Zeolite Catalysts

Beak et al[1 ] reported that the acylation of ethylidenecyclohexane( EDC) using zincchloride as a catalyst gave 3 -( 1 -cyclohexenyl) -2 -butanone( CHB) in good yield.However,it is pity that they provided only little information about reaction conditions,and no information on comparison of activities of various catalysts. Itis well known thatconventional Zn Cl2 catalyst leads to a great number of environmental pollution,whichcould be mainly overcome by use of the solid catalysts as we have …     

Catalytic Mechanism of the “Noncatalytic” Autooxidation of Sulfite

Iron ions are shown to play a special role among transition metal ions in the oxidation of sulfite by oxygen. The thermodynamically favorable formation of chain carriers S : FeOH²⁺+ HSO₃ ^– Fe²⁺+ H₂O + , H _{r 298} ⁰ –250 kJ/mol accompanied by the regeneration of the active Fe(III) form in the reactions of Fe(II) with and HSO₅ ^–provides the efficient catalytic mechanism for sulfite consumption even at [Fe]₀ 10^–8mol/l. Any aqueous solution contains iron ions in this amounts. Thus, the noncatalytic oxidation of sulfite is in fact the catalytic reaction involving unavoidable microadmixtures of iron ions. Other transition metal ions (Mn²⁺, Co²⁺, etc.) can only enhance the catalytic effect of iron admixture.     

To Break the Limit of Catalytic Site Density of Fe-NCs

Rational design of Fe and N co-doped carbon catalysts(FeNCs), one promising non-precious cathode catalyst, is critical to commercialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The atomic Fe site density of Fe-NCs is critical to improve catalytic currents approaching industrial levels. One recent research proposes a template-guided strategy to break the limit of Fe site density, and greatly promotes the fuel cell performance.     

Effects of Calcination Temperature on the Acidity and Catalytic Performances of HZSM-5 Zeolite Catalysts for the Catalytic Cracking of n-Butane

The acidic modulations of a series of HZSM-5 catalysts were successfully made by calcination at different treatment temperatures, i.e. 500, 600, 650, 700 and 800 ℃, respectively. The results indicated that the total acid amounts, their density and the amount of B-type acid of HZSM-5 catalysts rapidly decreased, while the amounts of L-type acid had almost no change and thus the ratio of L/B was obviously enhanced with the increase of calcination temperature (excluding 800 ℃). The catalytic performances of modified HZSM-5 catalysts for the cracking of n-butane were also investigated. The main properties of these catalysts were characterized by means of XRD, N2 adsorption at low temperature, NH3-TPD, FTIR of pyridine adsorption and BET surface area measurements. The results showed that HZSM-5 zeolite pretreated at 800 ℃ had very low catalytic activity for n-butane cracking. In the calcination temperature range of 500-700 ℃, the total selectivity to olefins, propylene and butene were increased with the increase of calcination temperature, while, the selectivity for arene decreased with the calcination temperature.The HZSM-5 zeolite calcined at 700 ℃ produced light olefins with high yield, at the reaction temperature of 650 ℃ the yields of total olefins and ethylene were 52.8% and 29.4%, respectively. Besides, the more important role is that high calcination temperature treatment improved the duration stability of HZSM-5zeolites. The effect of calcination temperature on the physico-chemical properties and catalytic performance of HZSM-5 for cracking of n-butane was explored. It was found that the calcination temperature had large effects on the surface area, crystallinity and acid properties of HZSM-5 catalyst, which further affected the catalytic performance for n-butane cracking.     

Catalytic oxidation of 4-tert-butyltoluene over Ti-MCM-41

The surface-grafted titanium MCM-41 materials were prepared by anchoring titanocene onto the inner walls of MCM-41. The materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm and diffuse reflectance UV-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopies. The catalytic properties of Ti-MCM-41 were tested in oxidation of 4-tert-butyltoluene with tert-butylhydroperoxide (TBHP) in liquid phase. MCM-41 with loading 4.8 mol% Ti gave the maximal conversions of 23.6% of 4-tert-butyltoluene with a complete selectivity to 4-tert-butylbenzaldehyde.     

Preparation and Catalytic Property of MoOx with Meso-porosity

A partially reduced molybdenum oxide (MoOx) with meso-porosity was prepared for the first time and its catalytic performance in n-heptane isomerization carried out in a fixed bed flow reactor has been studied. And the evolvement of MoOx formation has been characterized by X-ray diffraction and catalytic performance in n-heptane isomerization. The MoOx catalyst obtained from H2 reduction for 12 h, possessing a maximum pore volume at diameter ca. 4.1 nm, exhibited high activity in n-heptane isomerization. The composition of this catalyst is of the predominant MoOx phases, MoO2 phase and trace amount of metal Mo phase.     

Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of α-Acetamido Cinnamic Acids

Abstract

The homogeneous catalytic asymmetric hydrogenations of substituted cinnamic acids by (l-Benzyl-3,4-(R,R)-bis(diphenyl-phosphino) pyrrolidine (COD) Rh)BF₄ 6, easily prepared from L-tartaric acid has been studied. Contrary to other catalysts, this Rhodium (I) complex affords very high chemical and optical yields of N-acetylated amino acids under mild conditions even when using substrate to catalyst ratio as high as 16000. The method has been successfully applied for the preparation of L-Phenylalanine and L-Dopa.     

Catalytic α-allylation of unprotected amino acid esters

Catalytic α-allylation of unprotected amino acid esters to produce α-quaternary α-allyl amino acid esters is reported. Catalytic loadings of picolinaldehyde and Ni(II) salts induce preferential reactivity at the enolizable α-carbon of amino acid esters over the free nitrogen with electrophilic palladium π-allyl complexes. Fourteen examples are given. Additionally, the use of chiral ligands to access enantioenriched α-quaternary amino acid esters from racemic precursors is demonstrated by the enantioselective synthesis of α-allyl phenylalanine methyl ester from racemic phenylalanine methyl ester.     

Catalytic reduction ofα-alkylfurfuryl alcohols to alkylfurans

Summary In the vapor-phase reduction of -isopropyl- and -butyl-furfuryl alcohols over palladized charcoal at 250-260°, 2-isobutyl- and 2-pentyl-furans are formed in yields of up to 70%.