Carbon Nanoparticles in Nematic Liquid Crystals

Fullerene C60, C7o, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets are doped to nematic liquid crystal （LC） host in the same percentage. Planar samples of these mixtures are prepared and our measurements constitute an optimization basis for possible applications. Fullerene balls are found to be the best compatible material for optical aims and reorientation of LC molecules, while the carbon nanotubes experience some reorientation possibility in LC media and graphene layers are good barriers to preserve reorientation.     

Orientation in Nematic Liquid Crystals Doped with Orange Dyes and Effect of Carbon Nanoparticles

研究了掺杂两种分散染料橙的向列型液晶E7的性质以及碳纳米粒子(单壁碳纳米管或富勒烯C₆₀)的影响. 两种分散染料橙11和13具有较高的溶解度和有序参数,被作为掺杂剂同时使用. 与掺杂单染料相比,同时加入两种染料橙使液晶的有序参数明显提高. 与纯液晶相比,掺杂可引起向列相向各向同性相转变温度的升高.     

掺杂有机给体与受体分子的向列相液晶的光折变研究

制备了一种掺杂有机给体和受体分子的向列相液晶（nematic liquid crystals）材料。参数的给体和受体分子使液晶材料的光折变性能大为提高。用此材料做成的夹心器件进行了能量二波耦合，简单并四波混频等实验。在外加低直流电场（0．5KV/cm)条件下，观察到了光折变增益Γ为441cm^-1，二波能量耦合实验中观察到的衍射光束达到6级，简并四波混频中最大衍射效率达到58％，写入混合材料的信号光栅已可保存数小时而无明显衰减。     

The Structural Transitions in Liquid Crystals Doped with Fine Magnetic Particles

The stable ferronematics and ferrosmectics (combination of liquid crystals with fine magnetic particles) were prepared for 8CB liquid crystal and magnetc particles 11 nm in diameter. The structural transitions i.e. magnetic Fredericksz transition were indicated by means of dielectric and conductivity measurements.The experimental results i.e. the proof of initial condition ( is director of LC molecules and is magnetic moment of particles) and the increase of the threshold field of Fredericksz transition vs volume conduction of magnetic particles are in qualitative agreement with the Burylov and Raikher theory of thermotropic ferronematics.     

Structural Transformations in Nematic Liquid Crystals with a Hybrid Orientation

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - The structural transformations in a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) layer with a hybrid orientation (planar director orientation is created on one...     

弱磁场中向列相液晶的磁光效应

当外磁场强度比较小时,液晶不会发生Freedericksz转变.利用介电张量分析了扭曲型向列液晶在弱磁场中的旋光效应.通过理论分析表明,线性偏振光经过磁场中的扭曲型向列液晶,会产生左右两束椭圆偏振光.这两束椭圆偏振光在该液晶中的传播速度不同,导致光经过液晶盒后光电场振动面发生偏转.进一步分析表明,对于同一种波长的光,磁场强度越大,其电场振动面旋转角度越大.在相同的磁场强度下,光波长越短,其电场振动面旋转角度越大.如果加上高的偏置电压,使向列型液晶分子长轴方向与外磁场方向平行,线性偏振光经过磁场中的该扭曲型向列液晶,其振动面会也发生偏转.     

Stability of Disclinations in Nematic Liquid Crystals

In the light of φ-mapping method and topological current theory, the stability of disclinations around a spherical particle in nematic liquid crystals is studied. We consider two different defect structures around a spherical particle: disclination ring and point defect at the north or south pole of the particle. We calculate the free energy of these different defects in the elastic theory. It is pointed out that the total Frank free energy density can be divided into two parts. One is the distorted energy density of director field around the disclinations. The other is the free energy density of disclinations themselves, which is shown to be concentrated at the defect and to be topologically quantized in the unit of (k-k₂₄)π/2. It is shown that in the presence of saddle-splay elasticity a dipole (radial and hyperbolic hedgehog) configuration that accompanies a particle with strong homeotropic anchoring takes the structure of a small disclination ring, not a point defect.     

Two-Dimensional Spatial Solitons in Nematic Liquid Crystals

We study the propagation of spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals, using the self-similar method. Analytical solutions in the form of self-similar solitons are obtained exactly. We confirm the stability of these solutions by direct numerical simulation, and find that the stable spatial solitons can exist in various forms, such as Oaussian solitons, radially symmetric solitons, multipole solitons, and soliton vortices.     

双轴向列相液晶的Monte Carlo模拟

利用Monte Carlo方法模拟棒状液晶分子随温度变化的相变行为,采用热力学统计方法得到能量与温度的关系,得出比热随温度的变化规律,通过图像的峰值确定相变点;重点模拟计算序参数矩阵元与温度的关系,得到不同分子结构参数下液晶系统的温度相图,模拟结果显示,当两个短棒长度相等时,不存在双轴相.     

Nucleation of Topological Dipoles¶in Nematic Liquid Crystals

A topological dipole is a pair of point defects with opposite topological charges. In this paper we show by example how the nucleation of such a dipole within a smooth field can drive a metastable state into a stable one. Building on our previous work, we construct a mathematical model for the dynamics of both monopoles and dipoles in a capillary filled with a nematic liquid crystal. Though our analysis is fit for liquid crystals, a similar mechanism is also likely to apply to the field theory for other ordered media. Received: 10 July 1997 / Accepted: 25 June 1998     

Sine-Gordon Solitons and Breathers in Rod-like Magnetic Liquid Crystals under External Magnetic Field

To study the nonlinear phenomena in rod-like magnetic liquid crystals (RMLCs), this paper establishes the dynamic model of molecular motion when giving a twisting disturbance to the molecules under external magnetic field. We find the twist of the molecules under magnetic field can be propagated in the form of a traveling wave. The dynamic equation of the molecular twisting we derived satisfies the form of Sine-Gordon equation. We obtain two solutions of the Sine-Gordon equation by theoretical calculation: the kink and anti-kink solitons and breathers. The characteristics of those solitons and breathers are discussed.     

C60掺杂向列相液晶薄膜的激光诱导自衍射现象研究

利用Kirchhoff-Fraunhofer衍射积分原理研究了实验中观察到的C60掺杂垂直排列向列相液晶(5CB)液晶薄膜的远场衍射图样.模拟计算结果表明:实验中观察到的衍射圆环是不同实验参数的结果,并给出了确定衍射圆环结构的主要参数C1和C2.当C1和C2的符号相同时,远场会出现中心强度最大,向外逐渐减弱,分布尺度较小的细衍射环;当C1和C2的符号相反时,远场会出现中央较暗,向外逐渐增强,分布尺度较大的粗衍射环.衍射圆环的产生可由高斯光束通过非线性样品是引起附加相位的自相位调制现象来解释.将使液晶材料应用于光限幅等光子学领域.     

Remarks on Dynamics of the Freedericksz Transition in Nematic Liquid Crystals

An improved discussion on the dynamics of the Freedericksz transition in nematics is proposed. It is pointed out that the relaxation time γ^-1 of the directors follows, an a²(a - 1) law in the twist deformation case. The possible chaotic motion of the directors in an external field ia briefly discussed.     

Forced Synchronization of Electroconvective Roll Oscillations in Nematic Liquid Crystals

The forced phase locking in a system of the oscillating electroconvective rolls that form in a nematic liquid crystal layer in a dc electric field is studied. As a result of the action of an additive ac electric field with a small amplitude, the system of oscillators is found to be divided into clusters, where oscillations are fully phase locked. The electroconvective rolls in neighboring clusters oscillate in antiphase and the clusters are separated by Ising walls. The phase locking is shown to be maximal at the forcing frequency that is close to the double frequency of the natural oscillations of rolls. A model is proposed to describe spatially distributed phase oscillators, and it takes into account the symmetries of a system of electroconvective rolls and external forcing. The results of numerical simulations agree well with the experimental data.     

Phase Conjugation by Degenerate Four-wave Mixing in Nematic Liquid Crystals

1.IntroductionOpticalphaseconjugationhasbeeninvestigatedextensivelybecauseofitswideapplicationsinimagingtechnology,phase--conjugationlasers,andopticalassociativememorysystems.Notedfortheirlargeopticalreorientationnonlinearities[IJ,nematicliquidcrystals(NLC)havebecomepromisingopticalmediaforapplicationsinthefieldofnonlinearopticsincludingnonlinearphaseconjugation.In1980,Feketectal.[2)firstrealizedphase--conjugationbydegeneratefour--wavemixing(DFWM)inNLCintheisotropicphase.Sincethen,thefie…     

Rigid Motions in the Presence of a Magnetic Field

It is shown that, in the standard framework of non-relativistic quantum mechanics, the presence of a magnetic field implies that there are no operators representing those translations or rotations that do not leave invariant the magnetic field, and the corresponding components of the linear or angular momentum are undefined. Pacs: 03.65.-w. 02.20.-a     

一维向列相液晶光子晶体的研究

从理论和实验相结合的角度,研究了一维液晶光子晶体透射谱特性.实验给出了不同液晶缺陷层电压下的透射谱,电压范围在0～10 V内,透射峰的相对透过率变化为48%～18%,禁带宽度290 nm调谐范围88 nm,透射峰半峰全宽7 nm.理论计算和实验结果比较接近,这些特性可以使一维液晶光子晶体用于调谐光滤波器和光开关.