Functional Mechanism of Resveratrol in Inhabiting Growth of Cells Is174t and Its Mechanism in Subcutaneously Transplanted Tumor of Nude Mice

To explore the functional mechanism of Resveratrol against colon cancer cells ls174t and the growth of colon cancer tissue of tumor-bearing mice, MTT method was used to observe the functions of resveratrol for inhibition against cells ls174t in vitro. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the cell apoptosis. FCM assay was performed to measure the change of the cell apoptosis rate and of cell cycle. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax mRNA. Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax protein. Ceils ls174t were transplanted subcutaneously to nude mice to observe the effect of resveratrol on the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor, RT-PCR method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax mRNA in the tumor tissue. Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of bcl-2 and bax protein in the tumor tissue. Resveratrol has an effect of inhibiting proliferation of cells ls174t in vitro（P〈0.01）. It is able to induce the apoptosis of cells ls174t, causing the decrease in the expression of bcl-2 and the increase in the expression of bax. Resveratrol could inhibit the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor of nude mice（P〈0.05）, causing the decrease in the expression of bcl-2 and the increase in the expression of bax. Resveratrol can inhibit the growth of cells 174t and the growth of subcutaneously transplanted tumor. The mechanism is possibly related to the induction of the cell apoptosis and the regulation of bcl-2/bax expression.     

Protective Effect of Resveratrol on Immortalized Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to H2O2

Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound with anti-oxidation effects. The mechanisms underlying the antioxidant effects of resveratrol in duck intestinal epithelial cells remain unclear. The protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ on immortalized duck intestinal epithelial cells (IDECs) were investigated. IDECs were established by transferring the lentivirus-mediated simian virus 40 large T (SV40T) gene into small intestinal epithelial cells derived from duck embryos. IDECs were morphologically indistinguishable from the primary intestinal epithelial cells. The marker protein cytokeratin 18 (CK18) was also detected in the cultured cells. We found that resveratrol significantly increased the cell viability and activity of catalase and decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde, as well as the apoptosis rate induced by H₂O₂ (p < 0.05). Resveratrol up-regulated the expression of NRF2, p-NRF2, p-AKT, and p-P38 proteins and decreased the levels of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 and the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in H₂O₂-induced IDECs (p < 0.05). Our findings revealed that resveratrol might alleviate oxidative stress by the PI3K/AKT and P38 MAPK signal pathways and inhibit apoptosis by altering the levels of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9, Bax, and Bcl-2 in IDECs exposed to H₂O₂.     

On the Electrochemical Oxidation of Resveratrol

Resveratrol (3,5,4′‐trihydroxystilbene) is an organic metabolite produced by plants in response to fungal infection. It is found in various plant fruits and is abundant in the skins of unripe grapes and related products. This photosensitive molecule exists in two isomeric forms, trans and cis‐resveratrol. The antioxidant activity of resveratrol, both trans and cis forms, was evaluated by means of cyclic, differential pulse and square‐wave voltammetry over a wide pH range, using a glassy carbon electrode. Voltammograms of resveratrol presented two oxidation peaks; the first oxidation peak corresponds to the oxidation of the phenol group and was shown to undergo an irreversible oxidation reaction. The second oxidation peak corresponds to the oxidation of the resorcinol moiety and is also irreversible. The influence of pH on the electrochemical oxidation process of resveratrol was investigated.     

白藜芦醇分子印迹传感器的制备及应用

在弱酸性条件下,以邻氨基酚为单体交联剂,白藜芦醇为模板分子,采用循环伏安法在玻碳电极上电聚合成白藜芦醇分子印迹聚邻氨基酚敏感膜分子印迹传感器,并对该传感器的结构、选择性、灵敏度、稳定性、线性范围等性能进行了研究.结果表明,该传感器对白藜芦醇具有良好的选择性和敏感度,白藜芦醇浓度分别在2.0×10-8～7.0×10-7m...     

Electrochemical Behaviors of Resveratrol and Its Interaction with DNA

Electrochemical behavior of resveratrol was studied in Britton‐Robinson (B‐R) buffer solution (pH = 4.0) at glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using cyclic voltammetry (CV). Resveratrol showed an irreversible anodic peak at 0.570 V which was involving one electron and one proton. Also, the interaction of resveratrol with double‐stranded fish sperm DNA was investigated by linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and UV‐vis spectra. The results showed that peak potentials shifted to more positive value and peak currents decreased in electrochemical experiment and the maximum absorption decreased with red shift in UV‐vis spectra experiment with the addition of DNA, indicating the resveratrol interacted with DNA by intercalating into the double helix of DNA. Besides, the binding of resveratrol with DNA, analyzed in terms of the cooperative Hill model, yields the association constant K_a = 3.18 × 10⁵ and a Hill coefficient m = 1.06.     

The Implication of Low Dose Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Mitochondrial Function and Oxidative Damage in Cultured Cardiac and Cancer Cells

Although numerous studies have demonstrated the biological and multifaceted nature of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) across different in vitro models, the direct effect of “non-toxic” low DMSO doses on cardiac and cancer cells has not been clearly explored. In the present study, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with varying concentrations of DMSO (0.001–3.7%) for 6 days. Here, DMSO doses < 0.5% enhanced the cardiomyoblasts respiratory control ratio and cellular viability relative to the control cells. However, 3.7% DMSO exposure enhanced the rate of apoptosis, which was driven by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in the cardiomyoblasts. Additionally, in the cancer cells, DMSO (≥0.009) led to a reduction in the cell’s maximal respiratory capacity and ATP-linked respiration and turnover. As a result, the reduced bioenergetics accelerated ROS production whilst increasing early and late apoptosis in these cells. Surprisingly, 0.001% DMSO exposure led to a significant increase in the cancer cells proliferative activity. The latter, therefore, suggests that the use of DMSO, as a solvent or therapeutic compound, should be applied with caution in the cancer cells. Paradoxically, in the cardiomyoblasts, the application of DMSO (≤0.5%) demonstrated no cytotoxic or overt therapeutic benefits.     

白藜芦醇的合成新方法

本文探索了合成白藜芦醇的新方法。以3,5-二甲氧基苯胺为原料,经重氮化、还原及乙酰化得到中间体N′-乙酰基-3,5-二甲氧基苯肼(4),中间体4与4-甲氧基苯乙烯经Mizoroki-Heck偶联反应得中间体5,脱去甲基即得到目标产物白藜芦醇,总收率约31.9%。中间体及目标产物的结构均经质谱及核磁氢谱确证。该路线操作简便、条件温和,可用于白藜芦醇的放大制备。     

葡萄酒中顺反式白藜芦醇异构体的反相高效液相色谱法测定

建立了一种同时检测葡萄酒中功能成分白藜芦醇及其糖苷的4种异构体含量的RP -HPLC方法。通过紫外照射促使白藜芦醇及其糖苷的反式异构体转化 ,以获得顺式异构体标准样品 ,以葡萄酒直接进样方式及水 -乙腈二元梯度洗脱同时测定葡萄酒中白藜芦醇4种异构体含量。4种异构体回收率在92.4%～98.6%之间 ,相对标准偏差在3.06%～5.42%之间。采用本方法测定国产“龙徽”干红葡萄酒中白藜芦醇总量达到6.64mg·L -1,其中80 %以上为反式异构体成分。葡萄酒开启4h和8h后白藜芦醇总量分别减少了18%和38 %,其中反式白藜芦醇糖苷的损失尤为严重。本实验建立的RP -HPLC方法能够简便、有效地检测葡萄酒中4种白藜芦醇异构体含量     

(E)-脱氢二聚白藜芦醇四甲醚的全合成

以3, 5-二甲氧基苯甲酸(1)和对羟基苯甲醛(6)为起始原料, 经过以仿生氧化偶联为关键步骤的八步反应,对化合物10进行了全合成。通过1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, HRMS等方法确定化合物10的结构为7, 8 - trans-7', 8'-trans-二聚芪类化合物,即(E)-脱氢二聚白藜芦醇四甲醚,结果表明利用本文方法成功合成了目标化合物。     

核-壳型白藜芦醇分子印迹微球研制及应用

以表面修饰乙烯基团的SiO2微球为基体,白藜芦醇为模板分子,丙烯酰胺(AA)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂,采用表面印迹技术制备核-壳型白藜芦醇印迹微球。采用红外光谱(IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对该分子印迹微球进行表征,结果表明,SiO2表面成功接枝一层厚度为200nm的印迹聚合物,该印迹微球颗粒分散均匀。采用高效液相色谱技术对印迹微球的吸附性进行研究表明,此印迹微球具有良好的识别性能,利用Scatchard模型分析得出印迹微球的最大吸附量分别为Qmax1=9.087mg/g和Qmax2=13.80mg/g。此印迹微球成功用于分离虎杖提取液中白藜芦醇。     

白藜芦醇在银电极上的吸附伏安行为及其应用

白藜芦醇(3,5,4-三羟基芪)通常存在于葡萄、桑椹等多种植物中, 葡萄酒中也有一定的含量[1]. 由于白藜芦醇对防治癌症、动脉硬化和冠心病等疾病有较好的疗效[1,2], 近年来对白藜芦醇生物活性的研究日益受到重视. 白藜芦醇的测定一般采用高效液相色谱和毛细管电泳等方法[3～5], 这些方法均需对样品进行减压浓缩和萃取等处理, 比较繁琐. 本文对白藜芦醇在银电极上的吸附伏安行为进行了研究, 并将其应用于葡萄酒中白藜芦醇含量的直接测定, 获得了较好的实验结果.     

毛细管电泳-电化学检测法测定葡萄和葡萄酒中的白藜芦醇

采用毛细管电泳-电化学检测法测定了葡萄和葡萄酒中的白藜芦醇含量,实验发现白藜芦醇在红葡萄酒中的含量明显高于其在白葡萄酒中的含量,并验证原因为葡萄皮中白藜芦醇的含量显著高于葡萄肉中白藜芦醇的含量。考察了工作电极的工作电位、分离电压和进样时间对检测的影响。在优化条件下,以300μm直径的碳圆盘电极为工作电极,工作电位为+0.85V(vs.SCE),在100mmol/L硼酸盐(pH=9.2)的运行缓冲液中,被测物浓度与峰电流在3个数量级范围内呈良好线性,检出限为1×10-7g/mL。该法简单可靠,已成功地应用于实际样品中白藜芦醇含量的测定;样品处理简单,无须预富集,检测结果令人满意。     

Resveratrol Hinders Postovulatory Aging by Modulating Oxidative Stress in Porcine Oocytes

Postovulatory aging of the mammalian oocytes causes deterioration of oocytes through several factors including oxidative stress. Keeping that in mind, we aimed to investigate the potential of a well-known antioxidant, resveratrol (RV), to evaluate the adverse effects of postovulatory aging in porcine oocytes. After in vitro maturation (IVM), a group of (25–30) oocytes (in three replicates) were exposed to 0, 1, 2, and 4 μmol/L of RV, respectively. The results revealed that the first polar body (PB1) extrusion rate of the oocytes significantly increased when the RV concentration reached up to 2 μmol/L (p < 0.05). Considering optimum RV concentration of 2 μmol/L, the potential of RV was evaluated in oocytes aged for 24 and 48 h. We used fluorescence microscopy to detect the relative level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while GHS contents were measured through the enzymatic method. Our results revealed that aged groups (24 h and 48 h) treated with RV (2 μmol/L) showed higher (p < 0.05) ROS fluorescence intensity than the control group, but lower (p < 0.05) than untreated aged groups. The GSH content in untreated aged groups (24 h and 48 h) was lower (p < 0.05) than RV-treated groups, but both groups showed higher levels than the control. Similarly, the relative expression of the genes involved in antioxidant activity (CAT, GPXGSH-Px, and SOD1) in RV-treated groups was lower (p < 0.05) as compared to the control group but higher than that of untreated aged groups. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of caspase-3 and Bax in RV-treated groups was higher (p < 0.05) than the control group but lower than untreated groups. Furthermore, the expression of Bcl-2 in the RV-treated group was significantly lower than control but higher than untreated aged groups. Taken together, our findings revealed that the RV can increase the expression of antioxidant genes by decreasing the level of ROS, and its potent antiapoptotic effects resisted against the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential in aged oocytes.     

Antioxidant Cardioprotection against Reperfusion Injury: Potential Therapeutic Roles of Resveratrol and Quercetin

Ischemia-reperfusion myocardial damage is a paradoxical tissue injury occurring during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Although this damage could account for up to 50% of the final infarct size, there has been no available pharmacological treatment until now. Oxidative stress contributes to the underlying production mechanism, exerting the most marked injury during the early onset of reperfusion. So far, antioxidants have been shown to protect the AMI patients undergoing PCI to mitigate these detrimental effects; however, no clinical trials to date have shown any significant infarct size reduction. Therefore, it is worthwhile to consider multitarget antioxidant therapies targeting multifactorial AMI. Indeed, this clinical setting involves injurious effects derived from oxygen deprivation, intracellular pH changes and increased concentration of cytosolic Ca²⁺ and reactive oxygen species, among others. Thus, we will review a brief overview of the pathological cascades involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury and the potential therapeutic effects based on preclinical studies involving a combination of antioxidants, with particular reference to resveratrol and quercetin, which could contribute to cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial tissue. We will also highlight the upcoming perspectives of these antioxidants for designing future studies.     

白藜芦醇的电化学行为及其与DNA的相互作用

采用电化学方法研究了白藜芦醇在pH=2~13的缓冲溶液中的电化学行为、抗氧化能力及其与DNA的相互作用. 研究结果表明， 在2.011的溶液中, 白藜芦醇产生的P4和P5波分别是其二价和三价阴离子的还原波. 在最佳实验条件下, 微分脉冲极谱图上IP3在8.0×10-8~2.0×10-6 mol/L范围内与白藜芦醇的浓度呈线性关系, 检出限为4×10-8 mol/L. 将该法用于中药虎杖中白藜芦醇含量的测定, 结果与高效液相色谱法一致.     

Resveratrol content of some wines obtained from dried Valpolicella grapes: Recioto and Amarone

Resveratrol (rans-3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene), a phenolic substance present in both grape skin and wines, is a phytoalexin involved in grey mould resistance. A new interest has surfaced in recent years related to the antioxidative actions of resveratrol, which in vivo could be related to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases linked to lipid metabolism, particularly HDL production, while the antifungal activity may be of interest in wine production technology. These aspects have led to the publication of a number of papers reporting data on the resveratrol content of several kind of wine: for Italian wines, it ranges between 0.5 and 10 ppm, depending on cultivar, area of cultivation, climate and wine-making technology. In this work, resveratrol was quantified in samples of two unusual Italian wines, Recioto (sweet) and Amarone (dry), produced with the same cultivar mixture in the same area (Valpolicella, Verona, Italy) and with the same grape conditioning technique. After resveratrol extraction, reversed-phase HPLC analysis was carried out and several elution conditions were tested. The resveratrol content of Recioto and Amarone wines was lower than the values reported in the literature for other wines, ranging between 0.05 and 0.8 ppm.     

The Microalga Skeletonema marinoi Induces Apoptosis and DNA Damage in K562 Cell Line by Modulating NADPH Oxidase

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disease that activates multiple signaling pathways, causing cells to produce higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidases (NOXs) are a major generator of ROS in leukemia, and marine natural products have shown promising activities for the treatment of hematopoietic malignancies. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the marine microalga Skeletonema marinoi (S.M.), a ubiquitous diatom that forms massive blooms in the oceans, on the human leukemia cell line K562. The effects of S.M. extract on cell viability, production of ROS, nitric oxide (NO), and apoptosis were examined. In this preliminary work, S.M. was able to decrease cell viability (p < 0.05) and increase apoptosis levels (p < 0.05) in K562 cells after 48 h of treatment. In addition, the levels of NOX, NO, and malondialdehyde (MDA) were reduced in K562-treated cells (p < 0.05), whereas the levels of SOD, CAT, and GPx increased during treatment (p < 0.05). Finally, analyzing Bax and Bcl-2 expression, we found a significant increase in the proapoptotic protein Bax and a sustained decrease in the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 (p < 0.05) in the K562-treated cells.     

Peroxynitrite Scavenging Activities of Resveratrol and Piceid

In vitro antioxidant activities of resveratrol and piceid against peroxynitrite(ONOO^-) were examined by the inhibition of 3-nitrotyrosine formation. Trolox was used as a positive control. Resveratrol and piceid exhibited high ONOO^--scavenging activities in a concentration dependent manner. The antioxidant activities(the concentration of test compound required to yield a 50% inhibition of tyrosine nitration, IC₅₀) of resveratrol and piceid against ONOO^- were (48.34±0.97) and (74.69±1.49) μmol/L, respectively. Compared with that of trolox[(105.40±1.16) μmol/L], their scavenging activities were 2.2- and 1.5-fold higher for resveratrol and piceid. Formation of nitro-resveratrol as shown by UV-Vis spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-tandom mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) analysis indicates that resveratrol could directly scavenge ONOO^- via nitration reaction. Our results demonstrate that foods and medicinal herbs with resveratrol and piceid as stronger ONOO^- scavengers are valuable ingredients and have healthy application in preventing humans from peroxynitrite-mediated oxidative damage by scavenging peroxynitrite efficiently.     

Synthesis of Resveratrol Analogs/Stilbene Derivatives and Their Nitric Oxide Inhibitory and Radical Scavenging Activities

Sixteen resveratrol analogs（stilbene derivatives） including resveratrol were synthesized, in which hy- droxystilbenes, naturally occurring polyphenols, showed protective effects against reactive oxygen and nitrogen spe- cies（ROS/RNS） and hexahydroxystilbene（16） displayed the strongest activities against NO and l,l-diphenyl- 2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH） with IC5o values of 7.8 and 5.7 μmol/L, respectively.     

Redox State and Lysosomal Activity in Women with Ovarian Cancer with Tumor Recurrence and Multiorgan Metastasis

The aim of the study is to evaluate oxidant–antioxidant balance as well as lysosomal and anti-protease activities in ovarian cancer since it has been emphasized that the crucial inducing factor of carcinogenesis may be reactive oxygen/nitrogen species or, more precisely, oxidative stress-induced inflammation. The study involved 15 women with ovarian cancer, aged 59.9 ± 7.8 years, and 9 healthy women aged 56.3 ± 4.3 years (controls). The study material was venous blood collected from fasting subjects. In erythrocytes, the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, as well as concentrations of conjugated dienes (CDs) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), were investigated. CD, TBARS, and vitamins A and E plasma concentrations were also determined. Moreover, total antioxidant capacity and concentrations of 4-hydroxynonenal adducts and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α, as well as activities of acid phosphatase, arylsulfatase, cathepsin D, and α₁-antitrypsin, were studied in serum. The vitamin E and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α concentrations as well as arylsulfatase activity were lower in the women with cancer compared to the controls (p = 0.006, p = 0.03, p = 0.001, respectively). In contrast, cathepsin D activity was lower in the controls (p = 0.04). In the peripheral blood of the women with cancer, oxidant–antioxidant and lysosomal disturbances were observed.