产品设计与质量控制的动态因素模型(下)

(续上期)5·5产品动态质量损失和产品技术损失田口的质量损失函数L(y)已被人们所熟知,它不考虑跟时间的关系,其自变量为产品的特性y,其函数形式为L(y)=K(y-y0)2,其中K为常数。质量损失函数的期望值E[L(y)}=K·E(y-y0)2称之为产品质量损失,它表示在统计意义下单位产品的平均质量     

产品设计与质量控制的动态因素模型(上)

本文介绍产品设计与质量控制的新思想,从产品的设计、生产和使用的角度来研究影响产品质量的所有因素,把它们看成是一个随机过程,提出了动态因素产品设计与质量控制的数学模型。文中把过程能力指数的要领推广到了特性能力指数函数,用于统一地来衡量产品的设计质量、生产质量和使用质量;给出了以特性能力指数函数为变量的产品动态质量损失和产品技术损失的概念,并为组成产品的原材料或零部件达到一致寿命的最经济设计提供了一种理论和方法。     

独立董事的信号作用博弈模型

为了探讨独立董事在我国上市公司中的作用和运作机制,本文构建了一个博弈模型,来反应在大股东与市场上的出资人之间的博弈中,独立董事所发挥的间接的信号作用.模型中,由于出资人不能区分公司大股东是否有侵吞中小股东资产的意图,在没有任何信号（包括独立董事制度）的情况下,无侵吞意图的公司的资产会被低估,而有侵吞意图的公司则会被高估.无侵吞意图的大股东有可能通过聘请较多的独立董事来将自己和有侵吞意图的公司区分开来,使得高的独立董事比例成为一个正的信号,向出资人显示自己没有侵吞中小股东资产的意图.     

A Side-by-Side Single Sex Age-Structured Human Population Dynamic Model: Exact Solution and Model Validation

A side-by-side single sex age-structured population dynamic model is presented in this paper. The model consists of two coupled von Foerster-McKendrick-type quasi-linear partial differential equations, two initial conditions, and two boundary conditions. The state variables of the model are male and female population densities. The solutions of these partial differential equations provide explicit time and age dependence of the variables. The initial conditions define the male and female population densities at the initial time, while the boundary conditions compute the male and female births at zero-age by using fertility rates. The assumptions of the nontime-dependence of the death and fertility rates and a specific factorization of the migratory balances allow us to obtain exact solutions for male and female population densities. In addition, the hypotheses about the mathematical structure of the input variables are formulated, and the exact solution of the model is obtained. Next, the model is applied to the case study of Spain for the time period 1996–2004. Model validation demonstrates that this approach is a powerful prediction tool. Code and data are available upon request.     

证券投资基金管理人选择中的信号传递博弈

本文通过对证券投资基金这种资金运作方式的分析和研究,结合信号传递博弈模型,提出一种对资金管理人投资能力的评估方法.主要分析基金管理人的努力成本对最后投资能力评估结果的影响,为投资人选择基金管理人提供新的思路,也为基金管理人争取融资成功提供一定的帮助.     

证券组合投资的动态模型研究

本文利用方差和绝对离差这两个风险度量指标 ,分别建立了证券组合投资的动态模型 ,并给出其解法 .从而使模型更符合实际 ,有利于实施最佳的组合投资的策略 .     

二阶动态亚格子尺度应力模型

提出了一个基于亚格子尺度应力与速度梯度张量之间关系的二阶动态模型.然后利用在高雷诺数的流场直接数值解的结果对此二阶模型进行检验.直接数值解的流场包括均匀各向同性强迫湍流,衰减湍流以及均匀旋转湍流.数值检验结果发现与一阶动态模型相比,二阶模型的相关系数提高.     

Dynamic Shear Model for Layered Plates

A variant of a geometrically nonlinear dynamic shear model for layered plates is offered, where the inertial forces are taken into account at the stage of formation of hypotheses. A closed-form solution to the problem of forced vibrations is obtained for layered plates clamped or hinge-supported on their contour. The amplitude-frequency characteristics for various kinds of external loads are constructed. The influence of layer distribution across the package thickness is analyzed.     

Space-Time Localisation for the Dynamic Model

We prove an a priori bound for solutions of the dynamic equation. This bound provides a control on solutions on a compact space-time set only in terms of the realisation of the noise on an enlargement of this set, and it does not depend on any choice of space-time boundary conditions. We treat the large- and small-scale behaviour of solutions with completely different arguments. For small scales we use bounds akin to those presented in Hairer's theory of regularity structures. We stress immediately that our proof is fully self-contained, but we give a detailed explanation of how our arguments relate to Hairer's. For large scales we use a PDE argument based on the maximum principle. Both regimes are connected by a solution-dependent regularisation procedure. The fact that our bounds do not depend on space-time boundary conditions makes them useful for the analysis of large-scale properties of solutions. They can, for example, be used in a compactness argument to construct solutions on the full space and their invariant measures. © 2020 The Authors. Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics published by Wiley Periodicals LLC     

多体机械手的一般动力学模型

本文建立了多体机械手的一般动力学方程.设多体系统是由任意数目的刚体组成的树形拓扑结构,并认为铰是柱铰链,允许具有相对转动和滑动.考虑到实际问题中摩擦力的影响,采用Newton-Euler方法,建立了运动方程.进一步通过构造分配矩阵,将动力学方程分离,得到了一组实用的力方程和运动方程.     

On Majda' Model For Dynamic Combustion

Majda's model of dynamic combustion, consists of the system,

In this paper the Cauchy problem is considered. A weak entropy solution for this system is defined, existence, uniqueness and continuous dependence on initial data are proved, as well as finite propagation speed, for initial data in . The existence is proved via the "vanishing viscosity method". Furthermore it is proved that the solution to the Riemann problem converges as to the Z–N–D traveling wave solution. In the appendices, a second order numerical scheme for the model is described, and some numerical results are presented.     

太湖大银鱼的种群数量模型

为研究大银鱼的种群数量,首先把大银鱼一年的生命周期分为三个阶段,在此基础上建立了一种既能在离散时间点上描述成年大银鱼的数量变化,又能描述每个繁殖期内从卵、幼鱼到成鱼演变过程的数学模型.最后,通过计算还发现离散时间的动力系统出现分岔现象,这就找到了大银鱼产量激烈变动的根本原因.     

Kopel寡头博弈模型的演化分析

利用非线性动力学理论研究了Kopel寡头模型的一类双参数分支情形—1∶4共振.与单参数分支相比,1∶4共振作为单参数分支的退化情形可以描述该双参数分支点邻域内的分支分布问题,利用数值模拟探讨了一些该模型的复杂动力学性质.     

Hopfield Model with a Dynamic Threshold

We study the dependence of the result of learning on the dynamic threshold H in the Hopfield neural network model. We obtain rigorous results relating the quality of learning to the threshold.     

动态资产份额定价理论模型

运用倒向随机微分方程数学方法 ,建立了动态资产份额定价理论模型 .这一模型是资产份额定价法的改进 .求解模型得到动态资产份额定价理论公式 ,并得出结论 :资产份额定价公式完全可以作为特例 ,以离散时间意义和在不考虑动态投资的情况下 ,由动态资产份额定价理论公式得到 .     

Why Politics Makes Strange Bedfellows: Dynamic Model with DNS Curves

We analyze a two-dimensional system of political behavior which has three equilibria in the uncontrolled version. After adding a control variable, two more equilibria occur and Skiba curves (also called DNS curves) can be analyzed. In this model, it is possible to derive under what conditions each of the different equilibria is a saddle point, a node, or a focus. In particular, for certain parameter ranges, all five equilibria have real eigenvalues. In this case, the Skiba curves can be computed in a more straightforward way than usual. The curves spiral outward, so any ray extending from the origin crosses these curves arbitrarily many times, as it alternately crosses regions for which it is optimal to approach each of the three equilibria.     

Friendship Networks Through Time: An Actor-Oriented Dynamic Statistical Network Model

We propose a class of actor-oriented statistical models for closed social networks in general, and friendship networks in particular. The models are random utility models developed within a rational choice framework. Based on social psychological and sociological theories about friendship, mathematical functions capturing expected utility of individual actors with respect to friendship are constructed. Expected utility also contains a random (unexplained) component. We assume that, given their restrictions and contact opportunities, individuals evaluate their utility functions and behave such that they maximize the expected amount of utility. The behavior under consideration is the expression of like and dislike (choice of friends). Theoretical mechanisms that are modelled are, e.g., the principle of diminishing returns, the tendency towards reciprocated choices, and the preference for friendship relations with similar others. Constraints imposed on individuals are, e.g., the structure of the existing network, and the distribution of personal characteristics over the respondents. The models are illustrated by means of a data-set collected among university freshmen at 7 points in time during 1994 and 1995.     

带有网络外部性的动态寡头垄断定价

给出了带有网络外部性的两阶段寡头垄断定价模型,并用博弈论方法求解.通过与带有网络外部性的完全垄断定价模型的比较,得出重要结论:在网络外部性足够大的情况下,①寡头竞争情况下与完全垄断下情况一样,“科斯假设”将得到克服,均衡定价将呈现先低后高的情况.②对于完全垄断厂商来说,网络外部性k的增加能够增加其利润,但对于寡头竞争的企业来说,正好相反,k的增加将导致其利润的下降.     

A Dynamic Programming Model for Pig Production

The feeding policy of a pig production unit affects both the cost of production and the weight and carcase composition of the pigs produced. Since the market value of the pigs produced is determined by the weight and composition of the carcase, feeding policy has a major influence on the economic performance of the unit. In order to evaluate possible feeding policies, the effect of feed intake on both the weight and the body composition of the growing pig must be known, and since an optimal policy will involve using least cost rations, it must be possible to determine the least cost rations to produce liveweight gains of specified body composition. A dynamic programming model to determine the optimal feeding policy to produce pigs of specified weight and carcase composition is developed using a published pig growth model which allows the formulation of the required least cost rations, and the use of this dynamic programming model is illustrated.