利用一种改进模型研究谐振器耦合时的约瑟夫森结的响应(英文)

提出了一种改进的谐振器耦合时的约瑟夫森结模型,模型考虑了结与谐振器之间的耦合强度。利用这种模型,研究了谐振器耦合时的约瑟夫森结的响应,包括单结的电压自锁定和结阵列的相位互锁定现象。研究了耦合强度、谐振器的品质因数和谐振频率对电压自锁定的影响,并给出了合理的解释。此外,还对结阵列的相位互锁定强度对锁定电压和结数量的依赖关系进行了研究,并与理论值进行了比较。所得结果对谐振器耦合下的约瑟夫森结的应用具有指导意义。     

高温超导约瑟夫森结阵列的相位锁定

根据交流约瑟夫森效应,研究了嵌入Fabry-Perot谐振腔里的约瑟夫森结阵列在微波辐照下的相位锁定问题。结阵列是由生长在双晶钇稳定氧化锆(YSZ)基片上的YB2Cu3O7(YBCO)超导薄膜光刻成微桥得到的。通过优化设计,在温度为79.2K辐照频率为77.465GHz的条件下,包含620个串联约瑟夫森双晶结的结阵列在外加微波辐照下实现了相位锁定,得到了陡峭的夏皮罗台阶。其第一级夏皮罗台阶的电压约为0.1V,台阶高度约为0.17mA。试验结果表明,这种结阵列结构在电压基准的应用上有极大的优势,而且这种准光学耦合方法在太赫兹信号发生和检测方面有很好的应用前景。     

微波感应直流电压现象的实验研究

本义报道了微波感应直流电压现象(或称逆交流约瑟夫逊效应)的某些实验研究。实验中采用的样品为具有良好迦滞的Nb-NbO_x-Pb谐振型隧道结;结与微波的耦合采用磁耦合方式,微波工作频率为x频带.在零电流偏置时,结的直流电压可锁定在一系列量子化电压值中的某一个。实验观测到2K时单结最大电压为0.6mV,电流台阶高度为200μA。实验结果与逆交流约瑟夫逊效应理论相符,并进一步支持了磁耦合的观点。     

热噪声对串联约瑟夫森结阵列相位锁定的影响研究

相位锁定对于约瑟夫森结阵列的应用具有重要意义,采用数值仿真的方法研究了热噪声对约瑟夫森结阵列相位锁定的影响。采用电阻电容并联约瑟夫森结模型,利用公共并联电阻实现阵列的相位锁定,取不同的热噪声水平研究系统存在相位锁定的参数范围。结果包括不同热噪声情况下,约瑟夫森结临界电流的不一致性、McCumber参数对实现相位锁定的参数范围的影响,得到了热噪声对相位锁定的影响规律。     

嵌入到Fabry-Perot谐振腔的双晶约瑟夫森结阵列的阻抗匹配和相位锁定研究

在He等人所做的嵌入到Fabry-Perot谐振腔中约瑟夫森结阵列的微波辐照研究基础上,提出了同时实现约瑟夫森结阵列阻抗匹配和相位锁定的方法,进行了相关的电磁仿真和数值计算.双晶约瑟夫森结阵列被制作在YSZ双晶基片上,同时被嵌入到Fabry-Perot谐振腔内.通过在基片上制作与结阵列集成的串联馈电半波偶极天线阵,并对其结构进行优化实现了结与天线的匹配,数值计算表明结的辐射效率达到94%;利用天线阵辐射场的特征和对模型合理的设计,使Fabry-Perot谐振腔和基片同时谐振在合适的模式下,从而使结阵列与谐 关键词： 约瑟夫森结阵列 阻抗匹配 相位锁定 Fabry-Perot谐振腔     

并联电阻对串联约瑟夫森结阵列相位锁定的影响研究

利用约瑟夫森结阵列制作毫米/亚毫米微波源的一个重要问题是阵列中约瑟夫森结的相位锁定.本文采用仿真的方法研究了约瑟夫森结RCSJ模型存在并联电阻时的相位锁定问题.研究结果包括约瑟夫森结临界电流的不一致性、McCumber参数和结的个数对能够实现相位锁定的参数范围的影响.结果对于约瑟夫森结阵列作为太赫兹产生和检测应用具有重要意义.     

LCC谐振变换器的电路建模与参数设计

对用于高压场合的LCC谐振变换器进行了分析和研究,采用基波近似法推导等效模型,建立了谐振电路的大信号模型和等效模型,对LCC谐振变换器的稳态特性进行分析,采用了一种以输入阻抗角为限定条件的参数设计方法,该方法可以实现谐振变换器零电压开关的同时兼顾谐振电流对效率的影响。在大信号模型的基础上,建立了小信号模型,得到输出电压与输入占空比之间的传递函数,从而建立闭环系统,实现电压的宽范围输出。通过Simulink仿真验证了所设计的LCC谐振变换器可实现全负载范围的零电压开关(ZVS),说明了设计方法的可行性。     

本征约瑟夫森结阵列的PSpice模型及混沌行为研究

建立了电容耦合本征约瑟夫森结阵列在电路仿真软件PSpice中的模型，利用这个模型对恒定电流驱动下的本征约瑟夫森结阵列进行了仿真研究.通过与不存在电容耦合的本征约瑟夫森结的时域波形、频谱、分维和相图等结果的对比，发现了本征约瑟夫森结阵列中的混沌行为.这一发现对于本征约瑟夫森结的理论和应用研究有重要的意义.     

半导体激光阵列谱合束系统中光束串扰物理机制分析

在外腔反馈半导体激光谱合束系统中,由于半导体激光阵列的“smile”效应、外腔中光学元件制作误差等因素,激光阵列一子单元发射光束经过外腔返回注入其他子单元,在两子单元之间形成光束串扰并影响合束特性.本文从耦合腔光束谐振角度出发,基于光反馈半导体激光器速率方程,构建了耦合腔谐振模型,推导了激光器稳态输出时能在耦合腔中起振的光束模式.结合耦合腔模式竞争机制与耦合腔谐振模型分析由两子单元间距变化引起的不同串扰对锁定光谱和合束效率的影响.结果表明子单元间的串扰行为会造成光谱峰值下降、光谱偏移、边缘毛刺以及合束效率劣化.相比距离更远的两子单元之间的高阶串扰,距离更近的两子单元间的低阶串扰对合束特性的劣化程度更大.最后,为证明该模型的正确性和有效性,对所得分析结果进行了实验验证,实验观测到在串扰影响下的光谱结构与理论分析一致.     

聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的优化与模拟

利用耦合模理论、电光调制理论和微环谐振理论,提出了一个聚合物微环谐振器电光开关阵列的模型.该器件由N-1个微环和N条平行信道构成,在微环上施加不同方式的驱动电压,可以实现N条信道的开关功能.以7微环8信道结构为例,在1550 nm谐振波长下对该器件进行了优化和模拟.结果表明,微环波导芯的截面尺寸为1.7μm×1.7μm,波导芯与电极间的缓冲层厚度为2.5 μm,电极厚度为0.2μm,微环半径为13.76 μm,微环与信道间的耦合间距为0.14μm,输出光谱的3 dB带宽约为0.05 nm,开关电压约为8.1 V左右,插入损耗约为0.23～4.6 dB,串扰小于-20 dB.     

Design optimization for microwave coupling structures of a digital-to-analog converter based on series arrays of high-temperature superconducting Josephson junctions

A new coupling scheme of the external microwave signal for a digital-to-analog converter based on series arrays of high-temperature superconducting Josephson junctions has been proposed. It is suggested to couple the meander-like array inductively to a parallel microwave transmission line. Within the resistively shunted junction model different types of microwave coupling structures were analyzed with the goal to reduce the mutual phase locking and to achieve high output power and phase-locking stability. A harmonic balance technique was used to derive an analytic expression connecting the amplitudes of microwave voltages and currents in the array and the frequency of the external signal. Numerical simulations were performed to determine the boundaries of stable locking as a function of circuit parameters.     

Capacitance-induced in-phase switching in a basic two-dimensional Josephson junction array

Phase locking in a basic two-dimensional Josephson junction array consisting of two coupled SQUIDs is studied exploiting a new method combining the ideas of harmonic balance with the phase-slip procedure. This permits not only including the effect of non-vanishing junction capacitance, but extending our earlier investigations of the same circuit to arbitrary ring inductances, including inductances l ≈ 1 as well. As a result, our earlier finding that only antiphase oscillations can be stable in such a circuit are modified by observing a transition to the in-phase regime for larger values of the junction capacitance. The transition between both regimes is found to be determined by the resonance condition between ring inductance and junction capacitance.     

Coupling efficiency for phase locking of a spin transfer nano-oscillator to a microwave current

The phase locking behavior of spin transfer nano-oscillators (STNOs) to an external microwave signal is experimentally studied as a function of the STNO intrinsic parameters. We extract the coupling strength from our data using the derived phase dynamics of a forced STNO. The predicted trends on the coupling strength for phase locking as a function of intrinsic features of the oscillators, i.e., power, linewidth, agility in current, are central to optimize the emitted power in arrays of mutually coupled STNOs.     

Suppression of Chaos and Phase Locking in Two Coupled Nonidentical Neurons under Periodic Input

Dynamical behaviour of two coupled neurons with at least one of them being chaotic is presented. Bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents are calculated to diagnose the dynamical behaviour of the coupled neurons with the increasing coupling strength. It is found that when the coupling strength increases, a chaotic neuron can be controlled by the coupling between neurons. At the same time, phase locking is studied by the maxima of the differences of instantaneous phases and average frequencies between two coupled neurons, and the inherent connection of phase locking and the suppression of chaos is formulated. It is observed that the onset of phase locking is closely related to the suppression of chaos. Finally, a way for suppression of chaos in two coupled nonidentical neurons under periodic input is suggested.     

嵌入Fabry-Perot谐振腔的高温超导双晶约瑟夫森结的毫米波辐照特性研究

采用嵌入Fabry-Perot谐振腔的方式,研究了Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212)高温超导薄膜双晶约瑟夫森结的毫米波辐照特性.重点研究了双晶约瑟夫森结与Fabry-Perot谐振腔的耦合特性,发现放置在谐振腔中的结的位置、角度、结的图形以及Fabry-Perot谐振腔中两镜面间的距离等对耦合都有很大的影响.通过精细调节这些参数,可使双晶约瑟夫森结与外加毫米波达到最佳耦合.在最佳耦合情况下,能观察到9级明显的夏皮罗台阶.利用Fabry-Perot谐振腔技术,解决了约瑟夫森结与毫米波的耦合问题,为高温超导约瑟夫森结的毫米波及太赫兹波的辐射和检测研究奠定了基础.     

Synchronization with an arbitrary phase shift in a pair of synaptically coupled neural oscillators

The phase dynamics of a pair of spiking neural oscillators coupled by a unidirectional nonlinear connection has been studied. The synchronization effect with the controlled relative phase of spikes has been obtained for various coupling strengths and depolarization parameters. It has been found that the phase value is determined by the difference between the depolarization levels of neurons and is independent of the synaptic coupling strength. The synchronization mechanism has been studied by means of the construction and analysis of one-dimensional phase maps. The phase locking effect for spikes has been interpreted in application to the synaptic plasticity in neurobiology.     

Loss enhanced phase locking in coupled oscillators

Phase locking, which is achieved by transferring some energy from one oscillator to the others, strongly depends on the coupling strength between the oscillators. Typically, the coupling strength must be above a certain threshold in order to achieve phase locking. Here we show how this threshold can be significantly reduced when phase-dependent losses are introduced into the oscillators. Specifically, the coupling strength can be reduced by at least an order of magnitude, thereby substantially decreasing the needed transfer of energy between oscillators. The resulting enhancement of phase locking does not only influence the laser research area, but also affects many other areas that involve coupled ensembles.