基于分子印迹磁性复合材料的基质分散-固相萃取/液相色谱法测定海水中的氯酚类污染物

建立了一种快速、高效、灵敏的基质分散-磁性固相萃取/液相色谱(d MSPE-HPLC)方法,用于海水中5种氯酚类(CPs)污染物残留量的测定。样品用五氯酚分子印迹氨基功能化磁性复合材料富集,在C8反相液相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5.0μm)上分离,以甲醇-5 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液(体积比70∶30)为流动相,230 nm处检测。考察了样品p H值、萃取时间和洗脱剂的种类与用量对CPs富集回收率的影响。结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,5种CPs在1~5 000 ng/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.998 9;平均回收率为86.5%~98.8%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为0.8%~8.6%;检出限(LODs)为0.18~1.20 ng/L,定量下限(LOQs)为0.6~4.0 ng/L。方法可用于海水中CPs类化合物的快速筛查和确证分析。     

基于聚苯乙烯纳米磁性材料的基质分散-固相萃取/液相色谱法测定白酒中的邻苯二甲酸酯

建立了一种快速、高效、灵敏的基质分散-磁性固相萃取/液相色谱(dMSPE/HPLC)方法,用于测定白酒中6种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物(PAEs)残留量。样品用聚苯乙烯纳米磁性高分子材料进行富集处理后,经C8反相液相色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm×5μm)分离,以甲醇-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,230 nm检测。重点考察了样品p H值、吸附时间和洗脱剂的种类与用量等对PAEs富集回收率的影响。结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,6种PAEs在2~500 ng/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均不小于0.997 9;平均回收率为85.2%~101.2%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为0.8%~9.2%;检出限(LODs)为0.22~4.5 ng/L,定量下限(LOQs)为1.2~10 ng/L。方法可用于白酒中PAEs的快速筛查和确证分析。     

C_(18)膜萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定海水中羟基多环芳烃

建立了C_(18)固相膜萃取-超高效液相色谱/质谱法测定海水中11种羟基多环芳烃(OHPAHs)的方法。利用C_(18)固相膜对4L海水中11种OH-PAHs进行富集,二氯甲烷超声提取,浓缩后进入C_(18)柱色谱,以乙腈-0.02%氨水为流动相梯度淋洗后进入质谱检测,11种OH-PAHs的浓度与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法检出限为0.290~2.04 ng/L,平均回收率为60.8%~96.4%,相对标准偏差均低于13%。利用本方法对河北养殖区海水中11种OH-PAHs进行检测,OH-PAHs的浓度处于1.81~10.0 ng/L之间。本法为远距离、大体积水样中痕量OH-PAHs的提取富集与测定提供了解决方案。     

固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法测定水中6种有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂和增塑剂

采用C18固相萃取小柱富集环境水样中6种常见的有机磷酸酯类阻燃剂和增塑剂,经气相色谱/质谱(选择离子扫描模式)检测,内标法定量,优化了固相萃取和气相色谱质谱检测参数。磷酸三(丁氧乙基)酯二次回归相关系数大于0.999,定量限为32ng/L。其余磷酸三丁酯、磷酸三(2-氯乙基)酯、磷酸三(2-氯异丙基)酯、磷酸三(1,3-二氯异丙基)酯和磷酸三苯酯5种有机磷酸酯组分在10~800μg/L浓度范围线性相关系数大于0.999,定量限介于1.1~4.1ng/L。纯水加标样品中6种组分回收率范围为73%~112%,相对标准偏差范围为1.2%~12.9%。应用该方法分析了太湖、长江和自来水样品,均检出多种有机磷酸酯组分,且太湖中浓度水平高于长江。实际样品中6种组分的加标回收率范围为83%~146%,相对标准偏差范围为0.9%~15.1%。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测海水中抗生素多残留

本文采用固相萃取结合液相色谱-串联质谱检测技术,建立了海水样品中抗生素多残留(氯霉素类、磺胺类、喹诺酮类和四环素类)的同时测定方法。样品经PLS-3固相萃取柱富集、净化后,以液相色谱-串联质谱选择反应监测(SRM)离子模式定性,外标法定量分析。结果表明,被测组分在对应范围内线性关系良好;方法检出限(S/N=3)为1.00~10.0ng/L;以空白海水作为基质进行回收率评价,18种抗生素在不同加标浓度时的回收率范围为71.6%~117%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.04%~9.65%。将所建立的方法应用于近岸海域表层水样中目标抗生素残留的分析。结果表明,该方法灵敏度高、重现性好,可用于海水中抗生素多残留的同时检测。     

纳米纤维固相萃取-高效液相色谱-荧光检测麻辣烫汤液中喹诺酮类药物

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱-荧光检测麻辣烫汤液中5种喹诺酮类抗生素的分析方法。麻辣烫汤液样品经EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲溶液(pH 4)提取后,以HCX固相萃取小柱净化富集,用水淋洗,2%氨化甲醇洗脱。采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器(HPLC-FLD),于激发波长280 nm,发射波长450 nm处进行检测,流动相为甲醇-水-磷酸(25∶75∶0.1,V/V,三乙胺调至pH 2.8)。麻辣烫汤液样品中氟罗沙星、诺氟沙星、沙拉沙星、环丙沙星、奥比沙星5种喹诺酮类抗生素加标回收率为72.1%~110.3%;日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.6%~4.3%,日间相对标准偏差为2.0%~4.3%;检出限(LOD)为1.2~5.4μg/L;定量限(LOQ)为3.9~18μg/L。本方法能够满足实际麻辣烫汤液样品的分析要求。     

SPE-UPLC-MS/MS同时测定水环境中4大类15种抗生素EI北大核心CSCD

建立了应用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱技术(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)同时测定水环境中包括磺胺类、四环素类、大环内酯类和喹诺酮类在内的4大类15种抗生素的方法。采集的水样中加入同位素替代物后通过HLB固相萃取柱进行富集浓缩,UPLC-MS/MS进行测定,并采用内标法定量。结果表明,15种抗生素在0.5~50μg/L线性范围内检出限为0.04~0.09 ng/L,定量限为0.16~0.36 ng/L,样品加标回收率为59.5%~102.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于12%。该方法适用于水环境中痕量残留的抗生素检测。     

巯基聚合整体柱固相微萃取-超高效液相色谱/串联质谱检测食品中苯并咪唑

建立了巯基聚合毛细管整体柱固相微萃取-超高效液相色谱/串联质谱分析食品中8种痕量苯并咪唑的新方法。以巯基-炔点击法快速制备了巯基固相微萃取整体柱作为固相微萃取介质,考察了萃取条件和洗脱条件对苯并咪唑类药物的富集效果。在优化条件下,方法的线性范围为0.0250~10.0μg/L,检出限为2.1~7.6 ng/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)小于5.3%。用该方法分析鸡肉和鸡蛋样品中的8种苯并咪唑,均能从样品中检出,加标回收率为77.3%~116.7%,RSD为3.5%~8.7%。     

固相萃取-气相色谱法检测血清中有机氯农药残留的研究

建立了血清中DDTs和BHCs共8种有机氯农药残留的固相萃取-气相色谱检测方法。样品经超声酸化沉淀蛋白后,采用正己烷-丙酮(9∶1)经Cleanert ODS C18N固相萃取小柱提取,Florisil固相萃取小柱净化,氮气吹干,以500μL正己烷定容,气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)进行定量分析。结果表明,方法的线性范围2~200 ng/m L,相关系数(r)为0.996 4~0.999 0,检出限(LOD)为0.1~0.9 ng/m L,定量下限(LOQ)为0.4~3.0 ng/m L。8种农药的回收率为80.5%~112.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%~7.9%。该方法具有较高的准确度和精密度,适用于血清样品中痕量有机氯农药的检测。     

固相萃取–超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法测定水中四环素、土霉素及罗红霉素

建立了固相萃取–超高效液相色谱三重四级杆质谱联用法同时测定水中的罗红霉素、四环素和土霉素残留。水样经过固相萃取纯化、富集,液质联用分析,采用甲酸溶液和乙腈作为流动相,在5 min内完成对3种目标化合物的分析,3种目标化合物的方法检出限介于0.08~0.35 ng/L之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.4%~5.6%,空白样品和实际样品的加标回收率分别为82.5%~114%,71.5%~126%。     

Acid‐induced homogenous liquid‐phase microextraction: Application of medium‐chain carboxylic acid as extraction phase

In this research, a novel homogeneous liquid‐phase microextraction method was successfully developed based on applying octanoic acid as low‐density extraction solvent. The method was applied for extraction and determination of chlorophenols (CPs) as model compounds. Twelve milliliter of the sample solution was poured into a home‐designed glass vial. Sixty microliter of octanoic acid was solved in water sample by adjusting pH and ionic strength. By rapid addition of 75 μL of concentrated HCl (6 M), a cloudy solution was obtained. Phase separation occurred at 5000 rpm for 5 min. After that, 20 μL of the collected phase (approximately 26 μL) was injected into the HPLC‐UV instrument for analysis. The effect of some parameters such as the volume of concentrated HCl (phase separation reagent), ionic strength, extraction time, centrifugation time, and the volume of extracting phase on the extraction efficiency of the CPs were investigated and optimized. The preconcentration factors in a range of 159–218 were obtained under the optimal conditions. The linear range, detection limits (S/N = 3), and precision (n = 3) were 1– 200, 0.3–0.5 μg/L, and 4.6–5.1%, respectively. Tap water, seawater, and river water samples were successfully analyzed for the existence of CPs using the proposed method and satisfactory results were obtained.     

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定不同水体中5种人造甜味剂、6种造影剂及咖啡因

建立了快速检测不同水样(地表水、污水处理厂进水和出水)中5种人造甜味剂、6种造影剂和咖啡因的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)方法。利用HR-X固相萃取柱对过滤后的水样进行富集净化。采用Zorbax SB-C_(18)色谱柱分离,电喷雾正模式(ESI+)和负模式(ESI-)下分别以乙腈-水(10 mmol/L乙酸铵,0.01%甲酸)和乙腈-水(5 mmol/L乙酸铵,1 mmol/L Tris)为流动相,多反应监测模式(MRM)检测。各目标化合物在5~5 000μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.998。地表水、污水处理厂进水和出水的回收率为70%~120%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.8%~19.0%,方法检出限(MDL)分别为0.43~13.8、1.80~34.8、2.30~134 ng/L。应用该方法对广州某污水处理厂进水和出水及受纳河流河水进行检测,除阿斯巴甜、碘他拉酸、碘普罗胺、碘美普尔外,其他物质均有检出且浓度较高。该方法准确、灵敏、操作简便,适用于多种环境水样中人造甜味剂、造影剂和咖啡因的分析检测。     

固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用同时测定河水和海水中87种农药

采用固相萃取-气相色谱-质谱联用技术,建立了河水和海水中87种农药(24种有机磷、15种有机氯、12种唑类、9种拟除虫菊酯类、5种氨基甲酸酯类、7种酰胺类及15种其他新型农药)的多残留同时分析方法。优化了影响分离效果和灵敏度的仪器参数,考察了固相萃取柱柱型及水样体积、pH、盐度的影响,采用NH2柱优化了净化效果,内标法和替代物法用于数据的质量控制。结果表明: 在最佳条件下,各目标农药的方法检出限为0.1～6.6 ng/L;以实际河水和海水为基底,在5 ng/L和20 ng/L的加标水平下,绝大多数目标农药的回收率为60%～120%,相对标准偏差(n=4)为0.01%～9.7%。该法灵敏、准确,已成功地应用于福建九龙江河口区表层水样中多种类农药的复合污染监测,检出包括5种有机磷类、3种酰胺类、4种唑类、3种氨基甲酸酯类、2种拟除虫菊酯类等农药20种。     

Determination of chlorophenols by solid-phase microextraction and liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection

A solid-phase microextraction method has been developed for the determination of 19 chlorophenols (CPs) in environmental samples. The analytical procedure involves direct sampling of CPs from water using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and determination by liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (LC-ED). Three kinds of fibre [50 microm carbowax-templated resin (CW-TPR), 60 microm polydimethylsiloxane-divinylbenzene (PDMS-DVB) and 85 microm polyacrylate (PA)] were evaluated for the analysis of CPs. Of these fibres, CW-TPR is the most suitable for the determination of CPs in water. Optimal conditions for both desorption and absorption SPME processes, such as composition of the desorption solvent (water-acetonitrile-methanol, 20:30:50) and desorption time (5 min), extraction time (50 min) and temperature (40 degrees C) as well as pH (3.5) and ionic strength (6 g NaCl) were established. The precision of the SPME-LC-ED method gave relative standard deviations (RSDs) of between 4 and 11%. The method was linear over three to four orders of magnitude and the detection limits, from 3 to 8 ng l(-1), were lower than the European Community legislation limits for drinking water. The method was applied to the analysis of CPs in drinking water and wood samples.     

应用离子色谱离线螯合及ICP-MS测定海水中多种痕量元素

简要介绍如何构建和运用离子色谱离线螯合系统结合ICP-MS方法分析海水中的痕量元素.     

悬浮固化分散液相微萃取-高效液相色谱/串联质谱法测定环境水样品中6种雌激素

本文建立了悬浮固化分散液相微萃取(DLLME-SFO)高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(HPLC-MS/MS)测定环境水样品中壬基雌酚、双酚A、己烯雌酚、雌酮、雌二醇、炔雌醇6种雌激素的分析方法。萃取的最优条件为:以90μL 1-十二醇为萃取剂,250μL0.025mol/L Triton X-100为分散剂,调节pH至7.0,超声3min,在室温条件下萃取环境水样中的雌激素残留。最优条件下,该方法在三个浓度水平下的平均加标回收率为93.4%~108.6%,相对标准偏差为1.3%~8.7%,检出限为0.001~0.05μg/L。将该方法应用于环境水样中雌激素残留分析,获得了较好的回收率。     

磁性多壁碳纳米管固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中多组分兽药残留

建立了以磁性多壁碳纳米管为吸附剂的分散固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法,对蜂蜜中3大类44种兽药残留进行测定。样品经pH 4.0的Na2EDTA-Mcllvaine缓冲液提取,加入自制磁性多壁碳纳米管吸附目标物。目标物经10%氨水-甲醇洗脱后,液相色谱-串联质谱MRM模式进行定性定量分析。44种药物在1~40 ng/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.99;在3个不同浓度添加水平下,回收率为78.0%~105.1%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~8.9%,检出限为0.2~2.0μg/kg。结果表明,该方法简单方便,易于操作,为蜂蜜中磺胺类、喹诺酮类以及硝基咪唑类兽药残留的测定提供了新途径。     

磁性微孔聚合物富集/表面增强拉曼光谱法测定水与土壤中多环芳烃

建立了磁性聚亚苯基共轭微孔聚合物富集/表面增强拉曼光谱法测定水样和土壤中4种多环芳烃的分析方法。待测物经磁性聚亚苯基共轭微孔聚合物吸附萃取,甲醇洗脱后进行SERS检测。结果表明,蒽、芘、荧蒽和苯[α]芘在0.1~10μg/L范围内与其SERS特征峰峰强呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.03μg/L,回收率为71.6%~115.8%,相对标准偏差不大于13.7%。该分析方法灵敏度高,能够满足实际水样和土壤中4种多环芳烃同时检测的要求。     

Metal-organic framework derived magnetic nanoporous carbon as an adsorbent for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of chlorophenols from mushroom sample

In this work, a metal-organic framework derived nanoporous carbon(MOF-5-C) was fabricated and modified with Fe_3O_4 magnetic nanoparticles. The resulting magnetic MOF-5-derived porous carbon(Fe_3O_4@MOF-5-C) was then used for the magnetic solid-phase extraction of chlorophenols(CPs) from mushroom samples prior to high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and N_2 adsorption were used to characterize the adsorbent. After experimental optimization, the amount of the adsorbent was chosen as 8.0 mg, extraction time as 10 min, sample volume as 50 m L, desorption solvent as 0.4 m L(0.2 mL×2)of alkaline methanol, and sample p H as 6. Under the above optimized conditions, good linearity for the analytes was obtained in the range of 0.8–100.0 ng g~(-1)with the correlation coefficients between0.9923 and 0.9963. The limits of detection(S/N = 3) were in the range of 0.25–0.30 ng g~(-1), and the relative standard deviations were below 6.8%. The result showed that the Fe3O4@MOF-5-C has an excellent adsorption capacity for the analytes.     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时检测环境水样中24种农药残留

建立了一种固相萃取/高效液相色谱-串联质谱(SPE/HPLC-MS/MS)同时检测水体中24种农药的分析方法。样品用乙腈提取后,经固相萃取小柱富集净化。以乙腈-0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,在电喷雾离子源正离子模式下(ESI+)采用多反应监测(MRM)模式检测。结果显示,24种农药在1~200μg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)均不小于0.998,水样中3个添加水平(5、20、100μg/L)下的回收率为65.9%~127.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.7%~14.2%;方法检出限为0.05~0.71 ng/L。采用该方法对大连地区10个河流入海口及2个水库的水样进行了检测,12个站位的样品中共检出10种农药,质量浓度为0.2~558.3 ng/L。结果表明,所建立的SPE/HPLC-MS/MS方法高效、灵敏、可靠,可用于实际水体中多种农药的同时检测。