基于罗丹明荧光信号报告基团的细胞通透性铜离子荧光探针

分别以罗丹明B和罗丹明6G为荧光信号报告基团,以增强水溶性为目的的羟乙基肼为修饰基团,合成了反应型的Cu_(2+)离子选择性荧光探针分子L1和L2.紫外光谱和荧光光谱等分析结果表明,探针分子L1和L2对Cu_(2+)离子具有高灵敏度、高选择性的光谱识别行为.探针分子对Cu_(2+)离子的识别过程是通过Cu_(2+)离子催化水解控制氧杂蒽荧光信号的螺环酰肼基团实现荧光信号的开启,从而达到识别检测Cu_(2+)离子的目的,对Cu_(2+)离子的检出限均可达到10-8mol/L量级.同时,探针分子对常见金属离子和铵离子均具有较强的抗干扰能力.由于羟乙基肼的引入增强了探针的水溶性,使得探针L1和L2具有良好的细胞通透性和低毒性,实现了其对β-胰岛细胞(INS-1细胞)中Cu_(2+)离子的荧光成像检测.     

稳态荧光探针法测定三聚季铵盐表面活性剂的胶束聚集数

以芘为荧光探针, 十六烷基氯化吡啶(CPC)为猝灭剂, 以芘的饱和水溶液为溶剂配制表面活性剂溶液, 根据芘的荧光强度之比I1/I3随表面活性剂水溶液浓度的变化, 测定了三聚季铵盐表面活性剂CTTTA的cmc值, 测定值与表面张力法测定的cmc值一致；当猝灭剂CPC的浓度取0.1~0.3 mmol·L-1范围时, 用稳态荧光探针法测定了CTTTA的胶束聚集数. 实验数据表明, 表面活性剂溶液浓度为6~10倍cmc时, 胶束聚集数N随表面活性剂浓度增大而线性增大, 并用外推法得到CTTTA的临界胶束聚集数.     

异硫氰酸荧光素-牛血清蛋白-Pb~(2+)“开关”型荧光探针测定尿液中胰蛋白酶

本文研究了"开关"型异硫氰酸荧光素(FITC)-牛血清蛋白(BSA)-Pb2+荧光探针测定胰蛋白酶。实验发现,FITC-BSA探针在Pb2+和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(DBS)存在下,可以发出较强的荧光,此时体系处于"打开"状态。当在pH=7.8的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中加入胰蛋白酶后,FITC-BSA-Pb2+发生荧光猝灭,探针被"关闭",并且胰蛋白酶的浓度在一定范围内与探针的荧光猝灭程度呈良好的线性关系。实验表明,胰蛋白酶浓度与体系荧光猝灭程度在2.4~24μg/mL间呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9972,方法检出限(3σ/k)为0.80μg/mL。该方法应用于尿液中胰蛋白酶的检测,其相对标准偏差(RSD)≤3.0%,回收率范围为102.1%~106.0%。     

含罗丹明B基团的聚天冬酰胺荧光成像探针研究

以L-天冬氨酸为原料,在体积分数为85%的磷酸催化条件下采用热缩合方法合成了聚琥珀酰亚胺大分子,用罗丹明B与乙二胺反应生成的罗丹明-乙二胺衍生物的氨基以及乙醇胺上的氨基对聚琥珀酰亚胺进行开环反应,合成了含罗丹明B基团的聚天冬酰胺大分子.通过溴化与亲核取代反应将磺胺嘧啶基团接枝于聚天冬酰胺大分子上,从而制备具有肿瘤靶向功能的水溶性聚天冬酰胺大分子荧光探针(SD-PHEA-RhB).对所合成的荧光探针进行了核磁共振谱、红外光谱、紫外-可见光谱、凝胶渗透色谱和质谱等结构表征,进一步测试了其分子量及分布、粒径、荧光性能、体外细胞毒性与细胞摄取以及荧光成像性能.实验结果表明,所合成的聚天冬酰胺荧光成像探针具有良好的水溶性和荧光性能,对酸性环境敏感,对Hep G2和HeLa细胞均具有较低的体外细胞毒性,能被HeLa肿瘤细胞选择性摄取,且能获得较好的HeLa细胞红色荧光成像.     

荧光法研究阳离子水溶性聚芴与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

用荧光光谱法研究了阳离子水溶性聚芴:聚[9,9-二(3'-(N,N-二甲基)-N-乙基铵)丙基)-2,7-芴)-alt-l,4-亚苯基]二溴化物(PF)与生物大分子牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用,并进一步研究了酸度和离子强度对二者相互作用的影响.结果表明,极微量的BSA便会使PF的荧光产生可分辨的降低,改变蛋白质BSA的表面电荷,BSA对PF的猝灭效率也发生较大变化;而PF可猝灭BSA的荧光,同时自身的荧光增强并存在一个等发射点,说明BSA和PF之间存在相互作用,二者之间发生了能量转移.     

Tb~(3+)配合物修饰的磁性纳米荧光探针对水中Cu~(2+)的超灵敏检测

合成了一种Tb~(3+)配合物修饰的磁性纳米荧光探针cs124-DTPA-NH-PEGDBI-Fe3O4∶Tb。该复合荧光探针与Cu~(2+)有很强的结合能力,Cu~(2+)对Tb~(3+)配合物修饰的磁性纳米荧光探针具有荧光猝灭作用。实验表明,该复合荧光探针稳定性良好且有很好的水溶性,可在较宽的pH范围(5.0~10.0)快速检测Cu~(2+)。此外,在竞争实验中发现,该纳米荧光探针能够实现对溶液中Cu~(2+)的超灵敏和选择性检测而对其他多种常见离子响应较小,对Cu~(2+)的检测限甚至可达到1nmol/L。     

CdTe量子点荧光探针测定氯霉素含量的研究

在水溶液体系中制备出了具有高质量荧光性能,巯基乙酸(TGA)修饰的CdTe量子点(QDs),基于量子点与氯霉素混合后发生荧光猝灭作用,建立CdTe量子点作为荧光探针测定氯霉素的新方法。在Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH 7.00,0.10 mol·L-1)中,反应时间为10min时,氯霉素浓度在10～70μg·mL-1范围内与CdTe量子点的荧光猝灭程度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9981,检出限为0.799μg.mL-1。方法简便快速,灵敏度高,可用于实际样品中氯霉素的检测。     

基于亲电氯代反应的次氯酸荧光探针构建及细胞成像研究

设计并合成了一种简单的由吩噻嗪-茚酮共轭的新型次氯酸荧光探针PIOCI.该探针实现了在生理条件下,基于氯正离子(Cl+)引发独特亲电氯代反应机制的HOCl检测.实验结果表明,探针PIOCl对HOCl具有荧光"关-开"型响应,检测前后荧光强度增加了600多倍,HOCl浓度在0～6.0 μmol/L呈良好的线性关系(R2=...     

一种基于香豆素衍生物的铁离子水溶性荧光探针的合成及其应用

设计合成了一种基于香豆素衍生物的水溶性荧光探针7-二乙氨基-3-甲醛香豆素,并通过~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR和MS确认其结构。探针具有良好的荧光发射性能,荧光最大发射峰位于471 nm;向其中加入Fe~(3+)后,荧光强度随着Fe~(3+)浓度的增加而逐渐减弱。探针L的荧光发射强度与Fe~(3+)的浓度在0.02~60.00μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,可对Fe~(3+)进行定性与定量检测,检出限为22 nmol/L(S/N=3),对Fe~(3+)的选择性良好,不受其它常见金属离子的干扰。此外,探针对Fe~(3+)的检测具有可逆性。本探针具有很好的水溶性,在生理p H环境中检测效果较好成功用于人体淋巴肿瘤细胞Ramos中Fe~(3+)荧光成像。     

罗丹明B硅纳米粒子探针及其在蛋白芯片检测中的应用

本工作将罗丹明B分子通过共价结合的方式成功地包裹在二氧化硅纳米粒子中,制备的纳米粒子荧光强度和罗丹明B分子相比提高了1000倍.对此硅纳米荧光粒子进一步进行了链亲和素修饰,成功制备了可特异性结合生物素修饰蛋白的纳米荧光检测探针.以反相蛋白质芯片检测为模式,研究了此探针对微量蛋白的检测性能.实验中将不同微量浓度的人IgG固定于醛基修饰玻璃片表面,并加入生物素标记的抗人IgG,结果显示在800fg～100pg含量的微量蛋白检测中此纳米荧光探针具有良好的线性关系,最小蛋白检测量可达100fg.与商品化亲和素偶联cy3荧光探针对比分析发现,本方法制备的荧光探针对蛋白的检测灵敏度可提高8倍,且具有成本低,生物修饰简单等优点.     

Determination of Albumin Using CdS/SiO2 Core/shell Nanoparticles as Fluorescence Probes

CdS quantum dots (QD) were capped with SiO₂ via a microemulsion method for reducing the toxicity and imparting the biocompatibility of the CdS QD. The resulting CdS/SiO₂ core/shell nanoparticles (NP) showed an improved water‐solubility and stability even in pH 4.0 acidic medium. Their fluorescence could be effectively enhanced in the presence of bovine serum albumin (BSA), due to the passivation effect of BSA on the surface of the NP. Furthermore, the concentration dependence of the fluorescence intensity obeys the Langmuir‐type binding isotherm. Thus a novel fluorescence enhancement method for the determination of BSA has been developed using the less‐toxic CdS/SiO₂ core/shell NP as probes. Under optimal conditions, the linear range of calibration curve is 0.6–30 µg·mL^?1, and the detection limit is 0.18 µg·mL^?1. Compared with the water‐soluble CdS NP without SiO₂ shell, the CdS/SiO₂ core/shell NP exhibited slightly lower fluorescence response to BSA as well as other coexisting substances, such as heavy and transition metals, due to the inhibition of SiO₂ shell. The proposed method was applied to the quantification of BSA in synthetic and serum samples with satisfactory results.     

岩白菜素与牛血清蛋白相互作用的荧光光谱研究

应用荧光光谱研究了岩白菜素与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)分子间的相互作用.结果表明,岩白菜素对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机制属于形成化合物所引起的静态猝灭,猝灭常数Ksv为1.905×104L.mol-1;岩白菜素与BSA反应的结合常数为2.083×104,结合位点数为1.由热力学参数确定了岩白菜素与牛血清白蛋白的结合作用主要为静电作用.实验还发现随着岩白菜素的加入,BSA的猝灭值与岩白菜素浓度在1.5×10-5~1.5×10-4mol.L-1的范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限2.0×10-6mol.L-1,可用于岩白菜素的测定.     

BSA-tetraphenylethene derivative conjugates with aggregation-induced emission properties: fluorescent probes for label-free and homogeneous detection of protease and α1-antitrypsin

Herein, BSA-tetraphenylethene derivative conjugates with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties were constructed and used as fluorescent probes for label-free detection of protease and α1-antitrypsin. Conjugated AIE probes were formed based on the electrostatic induced assembly between an ammonium cation of quaternized tetraphenylethene salt and carboxyl anion groups of BSA. While water soluble quaternized tetraphenylethene salt showed very low fluorescence in its well-dispersed state, obvious enhancement in the fluorescence of the aggregated tetraphenylethene derivative on the BSA templates was achieved due to the abnormal aggregation-induced emission properties of tetraphenylethene. These BSA-tetraphenylethene derivative conjugates enabled label-free detection of protease. In the presence of trypsin, the BSA templates were enzymatically hydrolyzed and the conjugates decomposed. Therefore the quaternized tetraphenylethene molecules became increasingly isolated from each other. Accordingly, the aggregation to dispersing state change of tetraphenylethene derivative resulted in an obvious decrease in the fluorescence of the conjugates probes and enabled the sensitive and selective detection of trypsin. Furthermore, upon addition of α1-antitrypsin, the enzymatic activity of trypsin was inhibited and the fluorescence was consequently preserved. Sensitive detection of α1-antitrypsin was thus realised. The protein-tetraphenylethene derivative conjugates with aggregation-induced emission properties therefore show great promise for the monitoring of biological processes and cancer diagnostics with simplicity, high sensitivity, and rapid response.     

J-aggregation of anionic ethyl meso-thiacarbocyanine dyes induced by binding to proteins

The effects of ribonuclease A (RNase), lysozyme, trypsin, and bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the J-aggregation behavior of 3,3'-bis[sulfopropyl]-5-methoxy-4',5'-benzo-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine (1), 3,3'-bis[sulfopropyl]-4,5,4',5'-dibenzo-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine (2), and 3,3'-bis[sulfopropyl]-5,5'-dimethoxy-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine (3) were studied in aqueous solution. The formation of J-aggregates at pH 6 is induced by RNase for 1-3, by lysozyme for 1 and 2, and by trypsin for 2. The formation of J-aggregates correlates with decay of the dimers and is supported by induced circular dichroism spectra. The concentration of J-aggregates for lysozyme/1 increases with an increase in the protein/dye concentration ratio, reaches a plateau, and then gradually decreases. J-aggregates are characterized by relatively weak fluorescence; e.g., Phi(f) = 0.01 for lysozyme/1, and by a small Stokes shift of 6-8 nm, indicating almost resonance fluorescence. J-aggregation proceeds in the range of seconds to minutes with sigmoidal type kinetic curves for trypsin/2 and nonsigmoidal kinetics in the other cases. The presence of BSA, in contrast to RNase, lysozyme, and trypsin, results in deaggregation of dimers of 1-3 and formation of bound monomers and exhibits intense fluorescence from the trans-monomer; e.g., Phi(f) = 0.22 for BSA/1. Generally, the binding of 1-3 to the proteins is a cooperative process, where the number of binding sites changes from n = 15 for lysozyme/1 to n = 6 for trypsin/2 and n = 0.3 and 1 for BSA/3.     

Ru(phen)3 2+-SDBS-KMnO4化学发光体系检测半胱氨酸的研究

在20mmol·L-1硫酸-1.2mmol.L-1十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)介质中,半胱氨酸可以增强三(1,10-菲咯啉)钌(Ⅱ)[Ru(phen)32+]-KMnO4化学发光体系的发光强度.基于此,建立了一种化学发光直接检测半胱氨酸的新方法.在优化的实验条件下,该方法的线性范围和检测限分别为2.5×10-2-2.0μg·mL-1和2.1×10-2μg·mL-1,对11份含半胱氨酸0.5μg·mL-1的溶液平行测定的相对标准偏差(R.S.D.)为5.3%.将其用于合成样品中半胱氨酸含量的测定,结果令人满意.并提出了可能的化学发光机理.     

SPR imaging biosensor for the 20S proteasome: sensor development and application to measurement of proteasomes in human blood plasma

The 20S proteasome is a multicatalytic enzyme complex responsible for intracellular protein degradation in mammalian cells. Its antigen level or enzymatic activity in blood plasma are potentially useful markers for various malignant and nonmalignant diseases. We have developed a method for highly selective determination of the 20S proteasome using a Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRI) technique. It is based on the highly selective interaction between the proteasome’s catalytic β5 subunit and immobilized inhibitors (the synthetic peptide PSI and epoxomicin). Inhibitor concentration and pH were optimized. Analytical responses, linear ranges, accuracy, precision and interferences were investigated. Biosensors based on either PSI and epoxomicin were found to be suitable for quantitative determination of the proteasome, with a precision of ±10% for each, and recoveries of 102% and 113%, respectively, and with little interference by albumin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, cathepsin B and papain. The proteasome also was determined in plasma of healthy subjects and of patients suffering from acute leukemia. Both biosensors gave comparable results (2860 ng·mL-1 on average for control, and 42300 ng·mL-1 on average for leukemia patients).

Spectrofluorimetric determination of moxifloxacin in tablets, human urine and serum

A spectrofluorimetric method to determine the antibiotic moxifloxacin is proposed and was applied to pharmaceuticals, human urine and serum. The fluorimetric method allows the determination of 30-300 ng mL-1 moxifloxacin in aqueous solution containing phosphoric acid-phosphate buffer (pH 8.3) with lambda exc = 287 nm and lambda em = 465 nm. Detection and quantification limits were 10 and 30 ng mL-1, respectively, with a relative standard deviation (n = 10) of 2%. This method was applied to the determination of moxifloxacin in three Spanish commercial pharmaceutical formulations. Another variant of the method in micellar medium allows the direct measurement of moxifloxacin in human serum and urine by standard additions. The enhanced fluorescence of moxifloxacin in 8 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) solution at pH 4.0 (acetic acid-acetate buffer) for lambda exc = 294 nm and lambda em = 503 nm shows the same linear range as the aqueous method with a 25% lower slope (with detection and quantification limits of 15 and 60 ng mL-1, respectively, and a relative standard deviation of 1.3%), but permits the background fluorescence for urine and serum blanks to be minimized. Hence, sufficient sensitivity is reached to determine therapeutic concentrations of the drug in urine (average recovery 102 +/- 2%) and serum (average recovery 105 +/- 2%) samples.     

Purification of denatured bovine serum albumin coated CdTe quantum dots for sensitive detection of silver(I) ions

CdTe quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized in aqueous solution with 3-mercaptopropionic acid as the stabilizer. Chemically reduced bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to modify the surface of the QDs. Experimental results showed that the denatured BSA (dBSA) could be effectively conjugated to the surface of CdTe QDs. Column chromatography was used to purify the conjugates and determine the optimal ratio of dBSA to QDs. Further experimental results showed that the conjugation of QDs by dBSA efficiently improved the photoluminescence quantum yield, the chemical stability of QDs and their stability against photobleaching. A facile and sensitive method for determination of silver(I) ions was proposed based on the fluorescence quenching of the dBSA–QDs. Under the optimal conditions, the relative fluorescence intensity decreased linearly with the concentration of the silver(I) ions in the range 0.08–10.66 μM. The detection limit was 0.01 μM. This study provides a new method for the detection of metal cations. Figure In this work, denatured BSA was used to modify the surface of CdTe QDs by a simple and rapid method. And the conjugates of dBSA-QDs were purified by column of Sephadex G-100. After the purification of the conjugates, the sensitivity was greatly increased as silver (I) ions probe.     

阻抑动力学荧光法测定头孢曲松钠

在弱酸性介质中,头孢曲松钠能够阻抑过硫酸钾氧化荧光桃红的荧光淬灭反应,从而建立了阻抑动力学荧光法测定头孢曲松钠含量的新方法．头孢曲松钠的质量浓度与荧光强度的变化在1．0×10^-6～1．3×10^-5g·mL^-1范围内呈良好线性关系,R=0．9980,对浓度为1．0×10^-5g·mL^-1的头孢曲松钠进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差为1．29％,检出限为3．8×10^-8g·mL^-1．该法简便、快速,结果可靠,可应用于药物制剂中头孢曲松钠含量的测定,结果令人满意．     

β-环糊精/萘丁美酮/直链醇体系的超分子作用机理及其分析应用的研究

利用稳态荧光法研究了β-环糊精（β-CD）与新型抗炎药物萘丁美酮（NAB） 间的超分子相互作用，探讨了直链醇（ROH）对该超分子体系的影响。研究表明无 论体系中是否含有直链醇，β-CD和萘丁美酮均形成1/1的超分子包合物其表观结合 常数K_(app)随醇碳链长度的增长而逐渐减小。将这一现象归因于醇对β-CD疏水性 空腔的竞争作用，而非β-CD/NAB/ROH三元包合物的形成所致。荧光猝灭实验表明 水相中β-CF增敏萘丁美酮荧光是源于其疏水性空腔对萘丁美酮激发单重态的屏蔽 效应。直链醇的加入抑制了该效应，从而进一步证实了醇对β-CD空腔的竞争作用 确实导致萘丁美酮被置换到水相中。利用β-CD对萘丁美酮的包结作用使其荧光显 著增大这一特性，建立了水相中高灵敏度测定萘丁美酮的荧光光度法，线性范围为 0～3.0μg·mL~(-1)，检测下限1.05 ng·mL~(-1)。常用药物赋形剂对测定不产生 干扰。应用本法测定片剂中萘丁美酮含量，结果令人满意。