Gauss principle and realization of constraints

The paper generalizes the classical Gauss principle for non-constrained dynamical systems. For large anisotropic external forces of viscous friction our statement transforms into the common Gauss principle for systems with constraints.      

Application of Gauss principle of least constraint to the infiltration into unsaturated soil

This paper presents a new method for solving the problem of infiltration into unsaturated soils using the Gauss principle of least constraint. This technique gives a reasonable qualitative as well as quantitative picture of moisture condition during the unsteady infiltration from both semicircular furrows and buried pipes. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the alternating direction implicit (ADI) difference method. The computation time is reduced to about 1/900 of that of ADI method.     

Cosserat生长弹性杆动力学的Gauss最小拘束原理

以自然界中具有生长、变形和运动特征的细长体为背景,用经典力学中的Gauss最小拘束原理研究生长弹性杆的动力学建模问题.在为生长弹性杆动力学建模提供新方法的同时,扩大了Gauss原理的应用范围.以Cosserat弹性杆为对象,分析弹性杆生长和变形的几何规则,表明生长应变和弹性应变是非线性耦合的;本构方程给出了截面的内力与弹性变形的线性关系;利用逆并矢,将经典力学中的Gauss原理和Gauss最小拘束原理用于生长弹性杆动力学,得到等价的两种表现形式,反映了时间和弧坐标在表述上的对称性,由此导出了封闭的动力学微分方程.给出了两种形式的最小拘束函数,表明生长弹性杆的实际运动使拘束函数取驻值,且为最小值.最后讨论了生长弹性杆的约束与条件极值等问题.     

On the Convergence of the Generalized Linear Least Squares Algorithm

This paper considers the issue of parameter estimation for biomedical applications using nonuniformly sampled data. The generalized linear least squares (GLLS) algorithm, first introduced by Feng and Ho (1993), is used in the medical imaging community for removal of bias when the data defining the model are correlated. GLLS provides an efficient iterative linear algorithm for the solution of the non linear parameter estimation problem. This paper presents a theoretical discussion of GLLS and introduces use of both Gauss Newton and an alternating Gauss Newton for solution of the parameter estimation problem in nonlinear form. Numerical examples are presented to contrast the algorithms and emphasize aspects of the theoretical discussion. AMS subject classification (2000) 65F10.R. A. Renaut: This work was partially supported by the Arizona Center for Alzheimer’s Disease Research, by NIH grant EB 2553301 and for the second author by NSF CMG-02223.Received December 2003. Revised November 2004. Communicated by Lars Eldén.     

基于邻域粗糙集属性约简的对偶约束式LS-SVM财务困境预测模型研究

为了提高财务困境预测的正确率,改善模型预测的效果,将邻域粗糙集和遗传算法应用于对偶约束式最小二乘支持向量机,提出了一种基于邻域粗糙集属性约简的对偶约束式最小二乘支持向量机预测模型.同时,给出了这一改进模型的实现步骤.实证结果表明,通过邻域粗糙集指标预处理和遗传算法参数优化后,不但提高了模型预测的正确率,还降低了模型运行的时间,证实了该模型应用于财务困境预测是有效的.     

关于广义压缩最小二乘估计的注记

本文研究了广义压缩最小二乘估计（ＧＳＬＳＥ）的一些性质，给出了它的均方误差（ＭＳＥ）的一个无偏估计量（ＵＥ），采用极小该ＵＥ的方法确定了ＧＳＬＳＥ的参数选取公式，并把这个统一化的方法应用于广义岭估计，岭估计、Ｍａｓｓｙ主成分估计、Ｓｔｅｉｎ型压缩估计以及根方有偏估计等，从而得到了它们的一种选取参数的方法，最后，结合Ｈａｌｄ实例进行比较分析，结果表明，本文的方法是实用的，有效的。     

枢轴消去变换的若干性质

得到了与Gauss消去变换有着密切联系的枢轴消去变换的三个重要性质.     

Some Optimal Control Problems Governed by Elliptic Variational Inequalities with Control and State Constraint on the Boundary

This work deals with the necessary conditions of optimality for some optimal control problems governed by elliptic variational inequalities. Boundary control and state constrained problems are considered. The techniques used are based on those in Ref. 1 and a new penalty functional is defined in this paper.     

转动系统的相对论性分析力学理论

本文讨论了转动相对论力学理论，主要是建立转动系统的相对论性分析力学理论·构造转动系统的相对论性广义动能函数Ｔｒ＝∑ｎｉ＝１Ｉ０ｉΓｉ２（１－１－θ·２ｉ／Γｉ２）和广义加速度能量函数Ｓｒ＝１２∑ｎｉ＝１Ｉｉ（θ·ｉ·θ¨ｉ）２Γｉ２－θ·２ｉ＋θ¨２ｉ，给出其Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ原理和三种不同形式的Ｄ′Ａｌｅｍｂｅｒｔ原理；对于完整约束系统，建立了转动系统的相对论性Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ方程、Ｎｉｅｌｓｅｎ方程、Ａｐｐｅｌ方程和Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ正则方程；对于非完整约束系统，建立了转动系统的相对论性Ｒｏｕｔｈ方程、Чаплыгин方程、Ｎｉｅｌｓｅｎ方程和Ａｐｐｅｌ方程；并给出转动系统的相对论性Ｎｏｅｔｈｅｒ守恒律     

Conjugate-gradient method for computing the Moore-Penrose inverse and rank of a matrix

A conjugate-gradient method is developed for computing the Moore-Penrose generalized inverseA of a matrix and the associated projectors, by using the least-square characteristics of both the method and the inverseA . Two dual algorithms are introduced for computing the least-square and the minimum-norm generalized inverses, as well asA . It is shown that (i) these algorithms converge for any starting approximation; (ii) if they are started from the zero matrix, they converge toA ; and (iii) the trace of a sequence of approximations multiplied byA is a monotone increasing function converging to the rank ofA. A practical way of compensating the self-correcting feature in the computation ofA is devised by using the duality of the algorithms. Comparison with Ben-Israel's method is made through numerical examples. The conjugate-gradient method has an advantage over Ben-Israel's method.After having completed the present paper, the author received from Professor M. R. Hestenes his paper entitledPseudo Inverses and Conjugate Gradients. This paper treated the same subject and appeared in Communications of the ACM, Vol. 18, pp. 40–43, 1975.     

一类阶为偶数的高斯和显式计算的注记

给出指数2情形下阶数为2l_1~(r1)l_1~(r2)的高斯和的显式计算公式.证明方法直接利用Stickelberger理想分解定理,进而结果独立于其他指数2情形高斯和的结果而成立.     

基于最小截平方和估计的监测数据分析方法

水工程安全监测数据中不可避免地存在离群点,而应用最为广泛的最小二乘法(least square,LS)不具备剔除离群点的能力,反而更易吸收离群点,使回归曲线严重偏离实际。针对LS在此方面的缺陷,本文在最小化残差平方和理论的基础上,提出采用最小截平方和估计(least trimmed squares,LTS)方法来构建水工程安全监控模型。根据实际工程的监测资料并对监测资料分析处理,剔除离群点得到最优数据群。通过求解最优数据群的回归系数,进而得到最接近实际数据的拟合曲线。相比于LS估计,LTS估计所得结果更具有合理性、稳健性,且能够显著提高数据的预测精度。因此,LTS估计在水工程安全监测等数据分析中具有良好的应用前景。     

On the order of starlikeness of the shifted Gauss hypergeometric function

We determine for several ranges of real parameters the order of starlikeness of the shifted Gauss hypergeometric function and we give some consequences of our results, in particular some mapping properties of the Carlson-Shaffer convolution operator.     

General Forms for the Recursive Determination of Generalized Inverses: Unified Approach

Results for the recursive determination of different types of generalized inverses of a matrix are presented for the case of the addition of a block-column matrix of arbitrary size. Using a unifying underlying theme, results for the generalized inverse, least-square generalized inverse, minimum norm generalized inverse, and Moore–Penrose inverse are included.     

Closed-Loop Control of the Motion of a Sphere Rolling on a Moving Horizontal Plane

A uniform sphere is rolling without slipping on a horizontal plane. The motion of the sphere is controlled via the control of the acceleration of the plane. At the time t=0, the sphere and the plane are stationary and the center of the sphere is located at a point A in the plane. Given a time interval [0, t _f], the problem dealt with here is: Find a closed-loop strategy for the acceleration of the moving plane such that, at the time t=t _f, the plane and the sphere will be nearly at rest and the center of the sphere will be in a given neighborhood of the origin. By introducing the concept of path controllability, a closed-loop strategy for the solution of the above-mentioned problem is proposed and its efficiency is demonstrated by solving numerically some examples.     

Sequential Determination of the {1, 4}-Inverse of a Matrix

In this paper, we provide a set of results for the sequential determination of the {1, 4}-generalized inverse of a matrix. This inverse is of importance in areas where the minimal norm solution of a system of algebraic equations is desired.     

基于GPCA模型的中国省域生态文明治理评价研究

本文基于生态文明内涵,建立测度生态文明治理水平的评价指标体系,采用中国31个省市区面板数据,依托GPCA模型,研究了各省区生态文明治理的动态趋势,治理指数排名及其变化;采用K-均值聚类方法,进行了梯度划分和空间格局衍化分析。结果表明:2001-2012年中国东、中、西部各省市区生态文明治理水平均有所进步,但东、中部进步的幅度更大;与2001年相比,2012年区域生态文明治理评价指数排名较前的省区依然集中在东部,中部和西部省区相对靠后,区域不平衡状态未有明显改善,也未出现"俱乐部现象";四分位聚类分析图也显示中国生态文明治理存在"西低东高"的空间分布特征,从东部到中部再到西部地区依次梯度递减。     

带Hermite插值条件的最小二乘估计

提出了带Hermite插值条件的最小二乘拟合问题,并给出了带Hermite插值条件的最小二乘拟合的拟合曲线的具体表达式.利用Lingo建模语言设计了求解带Hermite插值条件的最小二乘拟合的拟合曲线的Lingo程序,并通过Excel软件得到了求解带Hermite插值条件的最小二乘拟合的拟合曲线的应用软件.     

GLRT和LS_SVM应用于基因表达数据分类

为快速、准确地对基因芯片表达数据进行分类,提出了一种新型的基因芯片表达数据分类模型.该模型首先使用广义似然比检验(GLRT)有效鉴别出表达有显著性差异的基因.然后,将这些表达有显著性差异的基因用于最小二乘支持向量机(LS_SVM)的训练,从而建立了基于GLRT+LS_SVM的基因芯片表达数据分类模型.该模型在处理数据量大、维数高、样本量小、非线性等特点的基因芯片数据时有很大优势,可以广泛用于处理基因芯片数据.