Relativistic corrections to electron scattering by the deuteron and triton

Relativistic corrections to electron-deuteron and electron-³He scattering have been calculated. the deuteron corrections agree substantially with the results of Gross and the ³He corrections are approximately equal in magnitude to those of Cocho and Flores.     

Relativistic nuclear corrections to the spin structure function of the deuteron in the light-cone variables

The relativistic deuteron has been considered in the light-cone formalism as a system of two strongly interacting nucleons (two-nucleon approximation). The technique for the calculation of the average helicity of the proton in the deuteron has been considered in the light-cone variables. A receipt has been pro-posed for the consistent calculation of relativistic nuclear corrections to the average helicity of the proton in the deuteron and to the spin structure function of the deuteron g ₁ ^D . Relativistic-correction-induced change in the Bjorken sum rule has been discussed.     

On the role of the exchange processes in quasi-free deuteron knock-out reactions

An estimate of the contribution of the spin-flip knock-out processes in the (p, pd) reaction on ¹²C and ⁶Li is carried out and possibilities of observation of such exchange processes in experiments are discussed.     

Relativistic effects and spin observables in deuteron electrodisintegration

The influence of relativistic effects in deuteron electrodisintegration, in particular their manifestation in spin observables, is discussed. We have used a simple phenomenological approach by adding the lowest-order relativistic corrections to the nonrelativistic one-body current and including the kinematic wave-function boost. Furthermore, final-state interaction, meson-exchange currents and isobar configurations are included in order to study kinematic regions off the quasi-free case. Sizeable relativistic effects in many observables are found even at low energies.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 201)     

Relativistic corrections in coupled channel mixing

We examine relativistic effects in a coupled channel mixing calculation of corrections to charmonium energy levels. We find that the relativistic effect on the coupled channel mixing is large. Thus a relativistic treatment is necessary and may possibly lead to a larger admixture ofD andS states.     

QED corrections in deep-inelastic scattering from tensor-polarized deuteron target

The leading-log model-independent radiative corrections to deep-inelastic scattering of an unpolarized electron beam from the tensor-polarized deuteron target have been considered. The calculation is based on the covariant parameterization of the deuteron quadrupole polarization tensor and the use of the Drell-Yan-like representation in electrodynamics to describe the radiation of real and virtual particles by the initial and scattered electron.     

多电子原子能量的相对论修正

以Breit-Pauli哈密顿的球张量形式为基础,借助不可约张量理论,建立了计算多电子原子能量的相对论修正的一种解析理论形式,导出了多电子原子相对论修正项(包括相对论质量修正项、单体和双体达尔文修正项、自旋-自旋接触相互作用项和轨道-轨道相互作用项)在斯莱特表象中的矩阵元的解析表达式,完成了所有角向积分和自旋求和计算.利用所建立的理论,对类锂体系(1s)2(2p)2P态能量的相对论修正进行了具体计算.     

Relativistic effects in neutrino (Antineutrino) disintegration of the deuteron

The cross section of neutrino disintegration of the deuteron with inclusion of relativistic corrections is calculated. The transition only to¹S₀-state is taken into account, so the results are valid for reactor and meson factory energies. Comparison with earlier works is given. It is shown, that accurate choice of bound state wave function is essential for the final results. The relativistic approach developed in this work should be used as a starting point for calculations of meson exchange current corrections.     

类铝离子基态能量的相对论修正和Z相关修正

以Breit-Pauli哈密顿的球张量形式为基础,借助不可约张量理论,在拉卡表象下计算了类铝体系基态能量相对论修正(包括相对论质量修正项、单体和双体达尔文修正项、自旋-自旋接触和轨道-轨道相互作用项)。在此基础上,引入了一个与核电荷数Z相关的能量修正项,用以弥补因忽略能量的其它高阶项对原子体系能量的影响。计算结果与实验值非常接近。     

Relativistic corrections to the Zeeman effect in diatomic molecules

Basic molecular g-factors for the ²Π ground states of OH, SH, NO, NS, and ClO have been determined by a weighted nonlinear least squares fit including zero-field as well as Zeeman data. The combined g-factor $\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{l}}\text{+}\text{1}\text{2}\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{s}}$ accounts for the dominant contribution to the Zeeman effect of the paramagnetic ${}^2\text{Π}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext>}}$ substate. Theoretical values of $\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{l}}\text{+}\text{1}\text{2}\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{s}}$ have been computed by considering the relativistic corrections arising from the reduction of the Breit equation to the second Pauli limit, and a contribution due to the motion of the nuclear center of mass is also included. The relativistic corrections have been computed by use of known LCAO molecular wavefunctions. Furthermore the free electron quantum electrodynamic correction ($\text{α}\text{2}\text{Π}$) to g_s is used as an ad hoc value for an electron bound to a diatomic molecule. A systematic difference is found between theoretical and fitted values of $\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{l}}\text{+}\text{1}\text{2}\text{g}{}_{\mathrm{s}}$. The difference increases linearly with the parameter $\text{Y = |}\text{A}\text{B}\text{|}$ for the molecules OH, SH, and NO. The maximum difference is encountered for NO and is about 20% of the free electron quantum electrodynamic correction. With further increase in Y (NS and ClO) the agreement seems to improve again.     

Relativistic corrections to Coulomb energy calculations

Coulomb energies of nuclei have been calculated using a recently introduced relativistic nuclear shell model¹). The results are very close to those of the usual non-relativistic, isotropic harmonic oscillator shell model, showing the most deviation for heavy elements such as lead.     

Relativistic correction to the deuteron magnetic moment and angular condition

The relativistic correction (RC) to the deuteron magnetic moment is calculated using the light-cone dynamics. The restrictions imposed by the angular condition on the electromagnetic current operator of the deuteron are discussed in detail. It is shown that the additive model for the current operator of interacting constituents is consistent with the angular condition only for the two first terms of the expansion of the “good” current component $\text{j}{}_{\mathrm{+}}\text{=}\text{1}\text{2}\text{(j}{}_0\text{+ j}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>z</mtext>}}\text{)}$ in powers of the momentum transfer q. The RC to μ_d is expressed through the matrix element of the “good” component j₊ and is found to be equal to $\text{(0.6–0.8) × 10}{}^{\mathrm{?2}}\text{e}\text{h}\text{?}\text{/2m}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>p</mtext>}}\text{c}$ for realistic NN potentials. Taking account of RC decreases essentially the discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental values of μ_d. Possible solutions of the angular condition for squared q-terms of the j₊ current component are also discussed.     

Relativistic and QED corrections for the beryllium atom

Complete relativistic and quantum electrodynamics corrections of order alpha(2) Ry and alpha(3) Ry are calculated for the ground state of the beryllium atom and its positive ion. A basis set of correlated Gaussian functions is used, with exponents optimized against nonrelativistic binding energies. The results for Bethe logarithms ln(k(0)(Be)=5.750 34(3) and ln(k(0)(Be+)=5.751 67(3) demonstrate the availability of high precision theoretical predictions for energy levels of the beryllium atom and light ions. Our recommended value of the ionization potential 75 192.514(80) cm(-1) agrees with equally accurate available experimental values.     

Relativistic corrections and very small g-shifts in solids

The relativistic Breit-Margenau correction to the Zeeman-interaction has been calculated for a group of atoms in the periodic table with Herman Skillman wave functions and potentials. The results are applied to the S-state ions Mn²⁺ and Gd³⁺, to the F-center and V_k-center, and to the shallow donors in Si.     

Relativistic corrections to the electric polarizability of compound systems

The widely used relation alpha; = alpha(0)+Deltaalpha for the electric polarizability, where Deltaalpha is proportional to the r.m.s. charge radius of the system, is revisited within a simple model of two spinless particles bound electromagnetically. A complete set of the relativistic corrections to alpha(0) following from the Breit Hamiltonian is obtained. It is shown that these corrections modify the result for alpha; in comparison to that obtained with alpha(0) taken in the nonrelativistic approximation. We propose that the same situation can take place in the more complicated case of hadrons. Special attention is devoted to the correct definition of the center-of-mass coordinates which are found to be very important.     

Relativistic corrections to the recoil spectrum in neutron β-decay

Relativistic corrections to the recoil spectrum and some correlation functions in neutronβ-decay are determined. Special care is taken to properly include Coulomb effects.