流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定酱油中砷

采用紫外消化技术处理样品 ,流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定酱油中砷。方法的检出限为 0 .14ng·ml- 1,线性范围为 0 .80～ 2 4 .0ng·ml- 1,相对标准偏差为 3.5 %～ 8.4 % ,样品加标回收率为 96 .9%～ 10 6 .5 %。方法的灵敏度高 ,选择性好 ,试剂及样品用量少 ,操作方便 ,分析快速 ,每小时可分析 6 0个样品 ,适于推广应用     

原子荧光法测定食品中砷和硒

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光度法测定食品中砷和硒。砷和硒的相对标准偏差分别为1．17％和1．19％,检出限分别为0．28和0．40ng·ml-1。线性范围为0～100ng·ml-1,砷和硒的相关系数分别为0．9998和0．9999。砷和硒的回收率分别为95．8％～105．4％和98．5％～103．5％。     

速差催化荧光法同时测定痕量钴和铜

基于在硼酸 硼砂介质中 ,钴和铜都能催化过氧化氢氧化还原型罗丹明 6G的反应 ,并且产生荧光强度具有加和性的特性 ,建立了速差催化荧光法同时测定痕量钴和铜的新方法。钴和铜的检出限分别为 0 .90ng·ml- 1和 0 .0 5 3μg·ml- 1;测定范围分别为 1.0 0～ 2 0 .0 0ng·ml- 1和 0 .10～1.2 0 μg·ml- 1。将方法用于生物样品中痕量钴和铜的同时测定 ,结果满意     

火焰原子吸收光谱法连续测定番木瓜中铜锌铁锰

探讨了用微波消化罐消化样品、用火焰原子吸收光谱法在同一体系中测定番木瓜中微量元素铜、锌、铁、锰的方法。在微波消化罐内用硝酸和过氧化氢消化样品 ,具有试剂用量少免受污染、消化时间短等优点。考察了硝酸、过氧化氢用量以及消化时间的影响 ,以及在同一体系中铜、锌、铁、锰的干扰情况。在选定条件下 ,铜检出限为 0 .0 0 4 μg·ml- 1,锌检出限为 0 .0 0 4 8μg·ml- 1,铁检出限为 0 .0 0 3μg·ml- 1,锰检出限为 0 .0 0 6 μg·ml- 1,相对标准偏差为 1.7%～ 4 .9% ,回收率为 96 .8%～ 10 6 .6 %。方法具有简便、省时、准确、可靠的优点     

催化动力学光度法测定食品中微量铜的研究

提出了催化动力学吸光光度测定铜的新方法 ,基于在 0 .0 5～ 0 .0 9mol· L-1硫酸介质中和 2 .0× 1 0 -3 mol·L-1氯化十六烷基吡啶存在下 ,Cu( )催化抗坏血酸还原邻甲氧基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯。用固定时间法在 50 2 nm处监测催化反应。方法的线性范围为 0～ 2 8ng·ml-1,检出限( 3σ)为 0 .66ng· ml-1,摩尔吸光系数为 9.65× 1 0 5L· mol-1· cm-1。除 Fe( )外常见离子都不干扰测定。用 NH4 F掩蔽 Fe( ) ,方法直接应用于多种食品分析 ,结果与二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠萃取光度法相同 ,相对标准偏差为 2 .0 %～ 4.4% ( n=6)。非催化反应和催化反应在 3.0～ 8.0 min内为假零级反应 ,活化能分别为 1 56.1和 1 0 3.8k J· mol     

催化动力学吸光光度法同时测定环境样品中痕量Se（Ⅳ）和Te（Ⅳ）

利用Se(Ⅳ ) ,Te(Ⅳ )对盐酸肼与KBrO3的氧化还原反应的催化效应 ,反应产物与甲基橙褪色变化来度量反应速率。分别在 2 0和 2 5℃的条件下 ,在波长 5 2 5nm处测定反应速率。其速率与Se(Ⅳ )和Te(Ⅳ )浓度呈线性关系。用PLS方法拟合试验数据 ,获得了反应速率与Se(Ⅳ )、Te(Ⅳ )浓度间的关系式 ,从而求出结果。硒和碲的检出限分别为 1.5和 3 .0ng·ml- 1;线性范围分别为 0 40和 0 75ng·ml- 1;相对标准偏差分别为 3 .0 %和 3 .2 %。用此法检测国家标准样品结果基本一致。方法简便快速 ,准确可靠。     

焙烧富集分离-硒化氢发生原子荧光光谱法测定纯锑中微量硒

研究了一种焙烧富集分离 硒化氢发生原子荧光光谱法测定纯锑中微量硒的方法。在选定的试验条件下 ,方法检出限为 0 .0 1μg·g- 1,线性范围为 0 .0 0 1μg·ml- 1～ 0 .3μg·ml- 1,加标回收率为 94 %～ 99%。用此法测定了 5个纯锑参考样中微量硒 ,结果与参考值一致。     

流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定发铅

发样消化液用铁氰化钾预先氧化处理将二价铅氧化为四价形态铅,以硼氢化钾为还原剂,稀盐酸为载液,用流动注射氢化物发生原子吸收光谱法测定铅。方法的检出限为0.26ng·ml-1,线性范围为0.60～35ng·ml-1,相对标准偏差为2.5%～4.7%,样品加标回收率为96.8%～104.4%,对人发标准物质进行测定,结果与标准值符合。方法灵敏度高、选择性好、试剂及样品用量少、操作方便快速,有推广应用价值。     

冷蒸气发生原子吸收光谱法测定食品中痕量镉

为建立食品中痕量镉的测定方法 ,研究了用硼氢化钾 盐酸 铁氰化钾 盐酸羟胺发生挥发性镉蒸气的反应体系 ,将发生器表面及玻璃导气管进行硅烷化处理 ,提高了灵敏度并明显改善测定精密度。在最佳条件下 ,该法测定镉的线性范围为 0 .0 11～ 2ng·ml-1,检出限为 11pg·ml-1。运用此法测定了小米等 6种食品 ,相对标准偏差在 5 .35 %～ 6.4 4 %范围内。加标回收率在 86.3%～10 8.4 %之间 ,结果满意     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定铅钙母合金中钙

以EDTA为保护剂 ,镧为释放剂消除钙在空气 乙炔焰中的电离干扰。试液中含硝酸5 % ,EDTA 0 .0 0 1mol·ml- 1及氧化镧 1.5mg·ml- 1;合金中的杂质元素不干扰测定 ,以标准溶液中加入相应浓度的铅消除基体干扰 ,钙浓度在 0 10 μg·ml- 1范围内符合比耳定律 ,检出限为 6 2ng·ml- 1,回收率 98.3 4% 10 0 .65 % ,RSD <1% ,可简便、快速地测定铅钙母合金中钙。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.