悬浮聚合法制备西咪替丁印迹聚合物微球的分子选择性能

以西咪替丁为印迹分子，2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙磺酸(AMPS)为功能单体，三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸甲酯(TRIM)为交联剂，采用悬浮聚合法制备得到了平均粒径在60-310μm之间的分子印迹聚合物微球(MIPMS)，将所得的MIPMS用作固相萃取剂(SPE)的测试结果表明，该MIPMS对西咪替丁有较好的特异选择性能，当以苯丙氨酸为竞争分子时，分离因子可达1．75，且该MIPMS呈现出较好的再生性。而未印迹的空白聚合物则无此分子选择性。     

TNT分子印迹聚合物微球的合成与性能研究

以三硝基甲苯(TNT)为模板分子,EDMA为交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了TNT分子印迹微球.讨论了溶剂用量、模板分子用量、功能单体种类等对分子印迹微球的形貌及吸附性能的影响;利用紫外吸收光谱和BET表征了印迹聚合物微球的结合位点相互作用与印迹孔穴结构;通过平衡吸附和选择性吸附实验,研究了印迹聚合物微球的吸附性能和选择性识别性能.结果表明,以丙烯酰胺为功能单体制备的分子印迹聚合物为规则的球形,内部含有分子印迹孔穴,微球的粒径为1～2μm.印迹聚合物微球可在30 min内达到吸附平衡,在1 mmol/L的TNT乙醇溶液中,印迹聚合物微球的平衡吸附量为32.5 mmol/kg,对TNT分离系数为25.19,具有较好的特异性吸附能力,并可选择性识别TNT分子.     

种子溶胀悬浮聚合法制备分子印迹聚合物微球

 以酪氨酸为印迹分子 ,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体 ,三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯 (TRIM )为交联剂 ,采用种子溶胀悬浮聚合法在水溶液中制备了一系列分子印迹聚合物微球 (MIPMs)。利用扫描电镜 (SEM)对此微球的粒径大小、粒径分布、表面孔与孔径分布等进行了分析研究 ,探讨了影响其形貌的主要因素 ,并将所得微球用作固定相研究了其分子选择吸附性能。研究表明 ,种子溶胀悬浮聚合法能够制得单分散性较好的、表面带有微孔的分子印迹聚合物微球 ,且该微球呈现出较好的特异吸附性能。     

红霉素分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及性能研究

以红霉素为模板分子,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,在水相中采用悬浮聚合法制备了红霉素分子印迹聚合物微球。利用扫描电镜对其表面形貌进行了表征,探讨了不同分散剂浓度、水油比、搅拌速度等参数对聚合物微球粒径及粒径分布的影响,重点对聚合工艺进行了优化,并将所得的聚合物用作吸附剂研究了其分子识别与选择性能。研究表明,该方法合成的聚合物微球平均粒径为40~130μm,对模板分子具有较高吸附性能和选择性识别能力,其分离因子达1.83,而动态吸附饱和吸附量则达到了42.59μmol/g。     

交联聚苯乙烯单分散微球的制备

微米级粒度均匀的聚合物微球作为功能高分子材料在分析化学、生物化学、标准计量以及某些高新技术领域中应用广泛。制备聚合物微球的传统方法有乳液和悬浮聚合法。乳液聚合只能制备粒径为0．1-0．7μm的颗粒，采用无皂或低皂乳液聚合法制成的单分散聚合物微球粒径接近1μm，但难于达到1μm以上，且后处理比较麻烦；悬浮聚合制备的聚合物微球粒径则一般在100-1000μm之间，且是多分散性的。而分散聚合获得的微球呈单分散性，是制备粒径为1-10μm的单分散聚合物微球的有效方法。     

活性/可控自由基聚合制备恩诺沙星印迹微球及识别性能研究

研究了一种以活性／可控自由基聚合（可逆加成一断裂链转移自由基聚合,reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer radical polymerization,RAFT polymerization）制备分子印迹微球的方法。结合沉淀聚合法,以二硫代苯甲酸异丙苯酯（cumyl dithiobenzoate,CDB）为可逆加成一断裂链转移剂,恩诺沙星为印迹化合物,甲基丙烯酸（MAA）和乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯（EDMA）分别为功能单体和交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈（AIBN）为引发剂,乙腈为分散剂,考察了温度、单体浓度等反应条件对微球制备的影响。通过改变AIBN和CDB的比例,可以达到控制分子印迹微球粒径和分散性的目的。扫描电镜结果显示,以RAFT聚合法得到的分子印迹微球粒径可达2．0～2．2μm,并有良好的分散性。平衡吸附实验结果说明印迹聚合物微球对印迹化合物的结合能力优于非印迹聚合物。分子印迹微球对于恩诺沙星及其结构类似物洛美沙星的饱和吸附量分别为37．3和19．5μmol·g^-1,证明分子印迹微球有很好的识别能力。     

沉淀聚合法制备三聚氰胺分子印迹聚合物微球

以三聚氰胺为模板分子,以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,在乙腈-乙二醇(20∶1,V/V)混合溶剂中沉淀聚合制备了分子印迹聚合物微球.利用1H-NMR和紫外光谱方法研究了模板与功能单体相互作用情况.结果表明,三聚氰胺与甲基丙烯酸(MAA)分子通过协同氢键作用形成1∶2型氢键配合物.利用扫描电镜和红外光谱对聚合物微球的结构进行了表征.结果表明,印迹聚合物近似圆球形,粒径约为400～500 nm,且大于非印迹聚合物微球,表面存在大量的结合位点.通过静态平衡吸附实验研究了聚合物微球对模板分子的结合能力,印迹聚合物微球在4 h后逐渐达到吸附平衡,Scatchard分析表明,印迹聚合物微球主要存在两类不同的结合位点,最大表观结合量(Qmax)和平衡离解常数(Kd)分别为Qmax1=22.97μmol/g,Kd1=0.14×10-3 mol/L;Qmax2=157.65μmol/g,Kd2=2.55×10-3 mol/L,计算得出表观印迹效率和有效印迹效率分别为68%和58%.此方法合成的印迹聚合物微球对三聚氰胺有较好的结合性能,可应用于三聚氰胺的分离检测.     

鹅去氧胆酸分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及选择性分子识别

以鹅去氧胆酸(CDCA)为印迹分子, 甲基丙烯酸为功能单体, 丙烯酸乙二醇二甲基酯和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂, 在氯仿中采用沉淀聚合法制得平均粒径为200~300 nm的分子印迹聚合物微球(MIPMS). 用红外光谱研究了印迹分子与功能单体之间的作用类型, 用透射电镜对聚合物的形貌进行了表征. 结果表明, 聚合物微球在合成过程中形成了两类结合位点, 该分子印迹聚合物对CDCA具有良好的特异吸附性能, 可用于胆汁酸的分离、纯化, 交联剂的种类可以影响分子印迹聚合物的形貌和吸附性能.     

沉淀聚合法制备右旋邻氯扁桃酸分子印迹聚合物微球

以右旋邻氯扁桃酸为模板,丙烯酰胺、乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯分别为功能单体和交联剂,采用沉淀聚合法制备了分子印迹聚合物微球,讨论了反应介质用量、聚合温度、引发剂的种类和用量对印迹微球的影响。实验表明：分子印迹微球与传统本体聚合法制备的聚合物相比具有更高的特异识别能力,通过Scatchard分析研究了聚合物的选择结合性能,结果表明分子印迹聚合物微球在识别右旋邻氯扁桃酸分子的过程中存枉两类结合位点,而空白聚合物微球只存在一类结合位点。     

S-布洛芬印迹聚合物微球的制备及应用

以S-布洛芬为模板,丙烯酰胺（AM）为功能单体,二乙烯基苯（DVB）为交联剂,在甲苯-乙腈的混合溶剂中,采用沉淀聚合法制得粒径为3~6μm的印迹聚合物微球。将印迹聚合物微球用作高效液相色谱（HPLC）固定相,以乙腈为流动相,通过拆分外消旋布洛芬及分离其类似物,评价分子印迹聚合物的特异识别性能;研究了流动相中乙酸含量、流速对拆分能力的影响;通过测定分离过程中焓变、熵变及自由能的变化,对分子印迹聚合物的分离过程做了详细的解释。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.