电子衍射技术测定等离子体聚丁醛的晶胞参数

本文采用电子衍射技术测定出等离子体聚丁醛的晶胞参数。结果认为,等离子体聚丁醛为单斜晶系,其晶胞参数为a=0.53nm,b=2.02nm,c=0.54nm,β=61.1°。     

两个由醋酸根和含吡啶基配体构筑的Zn(Ⅱ)配聚物的合成、晶体结构及其荧光性质（英文）

以醋酸锌、异烟肼(INH)、2-氨基吡啶(2-APy)为原料在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)溶液中合成了2个Zn(Ⅱ)配位聚合物[Zn(CH3COO)2(INH)]n(1),[Zn(CH3COO)2(2-APy)]n(2),用红外光谱、元素分析、粉末X射线衍射、X射线单晶衍射对配合物进行了表征。晶体结构测试表明,配聚物1属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c,晶胞参数:a=0.914 44(17)nm,b=0.161 86(3)nm,c=0.871 75(16)nm,β=96.181(3)°,V=1.282 8(4)nm3,Z=4;配聚物为2D层状结构,该层状结构通过氢键弱相互作用,进一步形成3D超分子结构。配聚物2属三斜晶系,空间群P1,晶胞参数:a=0.747 0(4)nm,b=0.814 5(5)nm,c=1.895 7(11)nm,α=88.276(8)°,β=86.202(8)°,γ=84.334(8)°,V=1.144 9(11)nm3,Z=2;配聚物2为一维zig-zag链状结构。室温固态荧光测试显示,配聚物1、2分别在最大波长382.6和367.5 nm处具有较强的荧光发射。     

等离子体聚丁醛和聚丙醛晶体结构

迄今为止,文献上报道的各种等离子体聚合物都被认为是完全无定形的交联结构。我们最近聚合等离子体聚丁醛和聚丙醛时发现,这两个等离子体聚合物不仅有部分结晶而且有单晶体的存在。这种新的发现对研究等离子体聚合物具有重要的意义。     

顺式-四氢环丁烷[1,2-b:3,4-b′]骈二吡啶-四羧酸乙酯的合成及晶体结构

研究了由3,5-二羧酸乙酯-1,4-二氢吡啶光二聚合成顺式二聚体的反应,培养出了顺式二聚体的单晶,并表征了单晶的晶体结构.结果表明,合成的顺式二聚体晶体为单斜晶系,空间群P2(1)/c,晶胞参数为:a=1.193 7(2)nm,b=2.091 3(4)nm,c=0.976 3(2)nm,α=90.00°,β=108.46(3)°,γ=90.00°,V=2.311 9(8)nm3,Z=4,μ=0.099mm-1.     

等离子体聚苯胺结晶形态结构的研究

等离子体聚苯胺结晶形态结构的研究刘倩，刘学恕，陈英林，朱育芬，张光华（中国科学院广州化学研究所，广州５１０６５０）通常认为，等离子体聚合物为高度交联的非晶态结构￣［１］。但我们曾发现等离子体聚丙醛和聚丁醛，不仅有结晶，而且有单晶存在￣［２］。所以我们...     

芳醛缩N-(2-乙胺)-9,10-二氢蒽-9,10-桥-α,β-琥珀酰亚胺Schiff碱衍生物的合成及晶体结构

合成了2个N-(2-乙胺)-9,10-二氢蒽-9,10-桥-α,β-琥珀酰亚胺希夫碱衍生物,利用单晶X-射线衍射法测定了它们的晶体结构.化合物1为正交晶系,Pca21空间群,晶胞参数a=1.132 59(15)nm,b=2.535 6(4)nm,c=0.835 82(12)nm;α=90.00°,β=90.00°,γ=90.00°,V=2.4003(6)nm3,Z=4;化合物2为三斜晶系,P-1空间群,晶胞参数a=1.012 9(15)nm,b=1.190 1(16)nm,c=1.307 5(18)nm;α=67.17(3)°,β=72.88(3)°,γ=75.41(3)°,V=1.371(3)nm3,Z=2.     

醛类的等离子体聚合Ⅰ.丁醛等离子体聚合及聚合物结构与性能

应用外部电容耦合式等离子体聚合方法,首次得到了丁醛聚合物,研究了其聚合规律,找到了较好的聚合条件。通过元素分析和红外光谱分析,证实丁醛等离子体聚合物为交联结构;电子衍射分析和X-射线衍射分析发现聚合物中存在部分结晶,而且部分以单晶形式存在;表面能测定表明丁醛等离子体聚合物为疏水性。并初步探讨了反应机理。     

两个基于2-氨基-5-巯基-1, 3, 4-噻二唑乙酸的稀土配合物的合成、晶体结构和性质研究

用2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑乙酸(Hatma)为配体合成出2种新型同构的稀土配合物[Ln(atma)3(H2O)2]n(Ln=La(1),Nd(2))。配体和2个配合物的结构均由X-射线单晶衍射法确定,同时对配合物进行了IR,TGA及元素分析。单晶结构表明,配体属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数为a=2.141 9(9)nm,b=0.400 76(17)nm,c=1.750 0(8)nm,V=1.495 0(11)nm3,Z=4;配合物1和2的晶体都属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,配合物1的晶胞参数为a=0.882 0(3)nm,b=1.230 6(4)nm,c=1.258 6(4)nm,V=1.291 3(7)nm3,Z=2;配合物2的晶胞参数为a=0.883 4(4)nm,b=1.228 3(5)nm,c=1.251 0(5)nm,V=1.282 1(9)nm3,Z=2。2个配合物均形成一维链状空间结构,通过丰富的氢键连接形成三维超分子结构。抗菌试验表明,配合物比配体表现出更好的生物活性。初步的植物生长实验表明,配合物对油菜和小麦的生长具有一定的促进作用。     

氨基酸锑(Ⅲ)双核配合物的固相合成与表征

采用室温固相反应法合成了甘氨酸锑和苯丙氨酸锑双核配合物 ,用元素分析、远红外光谱、热重差热分析及X射线粉末衍射进行了表征 .两种配合物Sb2 L5X·2 5H2 O(L =gly ,phe;X =Cl或I)的晶体结构均属于单斜晶系 ,甘氨酸锑配合物的晶胞参数为 :a =0 6 5 2 6nm ,b =1.2 2 2 7nm ,c=1.3877nm ,β=97.88°,V =1.0 96 8nm3 ,苯丙氨酸锑配合物的晶胞参数为 :a =1.0 6 17nm ,b =0 .7839nm ,c =1.5 72 5nm ,β =92 .32°,V =1.30 77nm3 .远红外光谱表明O ,N ,Cl或I原子参与配位     

聚金属氧酸盐[(C4H9)4N]6[PMo12O40]2·0.5H2O的晶体结构

在乙腈-水混合溶剂中培养得到了聚金属氧酸盐[(C4H9)4N]6[PMo12O40]2.0.5H2O的单晶.X射线衍射结构分析表明,该晶体属于单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数:a=4.996(10)nm,b=1.411(3)nm,c=2.633(5)nm,β=114.804(4)°,V=16.844 nm3,Z=1,R1=0.0843,wR2=0.2546.化合物分子由两个多阴离子[PMo12O40]3-,6个四丁基胺阳离子[n-Bu4N]+和0.5个结晶水组成.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Thermodynamics of the formation of oxosulfides of rare-earth elements

The enthalpies of solution of several oxosulfides of rare-earth elements and the high-temperature enthalpies of oxosulfides and oxosulfates of lanthanum and yttrium were measured using solution calorimetry and high-temperature microcalorimetry techniques. Standard enthalpies of formation and some thermodynamic properties of oxosulfides and oxosulfates were calculated. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 2 pp. 294–297, February, 1997.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。