非晶态Cu56Zr44合金的结构及其等温退火晶化过程的研究

利用X射线衍射技术、差示扫描量热分析技术和透射电子显微镜研究了非晶态Cu₅₆Zr₄₄合金的结构及其等温退火条件下的晶化过程.实验结果表明,非晶态Cu₅₆Zr₄₄合金在室温下的短程结构类似于硬球无规密堆积分布.在703K过冷液相区内等温退火时发现,当退火时间为3min时,晶化产物主要为Cu₈Zr₃相;当退火时间为6min时,Cu₈Zr₃关键词： 非晶态 56Zr₄₄合金')" href="#">Cu₅₆Zr₄₄合金 结构 等温退火     

用原位x射线小角散射研究块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5的结构弛豫

应用同步辐射x射线小角散射法在原位对块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5在等温退火过程中的微结构变化进行研究.实验表明:在等温退火过程中电子密度涨落反映了晶化之前的结构弛豫过程;在一定的退火温度下、随退火时间的增加,拓扑短程序弛豫与化学短程序弛豫之间存在一个电子密度均匀化的过程;导致这两种弛豫过程转变的退火时间与退火温度有关,温度越高,所需的退火时间越短.     

非晶态Zr—Si合金的结构弛豫和结晶化形为对超导电性的影响

采用单锟急冷法制备的金属-非金属型非晶态合金 Zr_(877)Si_(12.3)在不同温度下径一小时等温退火处理,超导临界温度 T_c 的测量结果表明,当退火温度远离结晶化温度 T_(cr)时,结构弛豫为一缓慢的过程,与金属-金属型 Zr 基非晶态合金的结构弛豫过程有明显的区别;随着结晶化过程的开始,超导临界温度 T_c 急剧下降.文章认为,超导临界特性的测量可以作为一种研究非晶态超导材料结构弛豫和结晶化过程的有效手段.     

具有宽过冷液相区的Fe62 Co8-x(Cr,Mo)xNb4 Zr6 B2非晶态合金的热稳定性与磁性

根据制备块状非晶态合金的三条经验准则,选择了成分为Fe62Co8-xCrxNb4Zr6B20和Fe62Co8-xMoxNb4Zr6B20(x=0,2,4)的合金系.利用单辊急冷法制备出厚为30μm宽为5mm左右的条带,并用差热分析、X射线衍射以及Faraday磁天平、静态磁性测量仪等研究了合金的热稳定性、非晶结构和磁性能.发现含2at%Cr的Fe62Co6Co6Nb4Zr20B20非晶态合金的过冷液相区ΔTx最宽,达到85K,但是合金系的饱和比磁化强度σs随Cr或Mo含量的增加而急剧下降.合金系经973K真空退火900s后,由于晶化相α-Fe等晶相析出,使得各合金的σx和Hc都迅速升高.     

非晶态（FeAl3）75Zr25和（FeAl3）50Zr50合金的热稳定性和磁性研究

用机械合金化方法制备了(FeAl3)75Zr25和(FeAl3)50Zr50非晶态合金,用X射线衍射仪和热分析仪对制备的非晶态合金的结构特性及热稳定性进行了研究,用振动样品磁强计对(FeAl3)75Zr25和(FeAl3)50Zr50混合粉末在机械球磨过程中的磁性变化进行了研究,并对其晶化产物及其晶化后合金的磁性进行了分析。结果表明:(FeAl3)75Zr25的晶化产物为Fe3Zr和Al1.65Fe0.33Zr;(FeAl3)50Zr50非晶态合金的晶化产物为FeZr2和AlZr2。(FeAl3)75Zr25混合粉末的矫顽力随着球磨时间的增加而增加,但其饱和磁化强度和剩磁均随着球磨时间的增加而下降。而(FeAl3)50Zr50混合粉末的矫顽力、饱和磁化强度和剩磁均随球磨时间的变化则没有类似的规律性。晶化后(FeAl3)75Zr25粉末与(FeAl3)50Zr50粉末相比,前者矫顽力小,但饱和磁化强度和剩磁大。     

预退火时间对Fe_(80.8)B_(10)P_8Cu_(1.2)非晶合金微结构及磁性能的影响

研究了预退火时间对Fe_(80.8)B_(10)P_8Cu_(1.2)非晶合金微结构及磁性能的影响.穆斯堡尔谱研究表明:在660 K的预退火温度下,随着预退火时间的增加,Fe原子不断富集,非晶基体中的类Fe_3B化学短程有序结构向类Fe B结构转变,并且非晶基体中Fe第一近邻壳层中Cu原子的逐渐脱离以及Fe-P配位键数量的明显减少可间接表征CuP团簇的形成过程.同时,本研究通过调节预退火时间来调控非晶基体中CuP团簇和Fe团簇的数量,促进后续退火晶化过程中α-Fe纳米晶相的析出,并细化纳米晶尺寸,从而获得综合磁性能更加优异的非晶/纳米晶软磁合金.     

具有宽过冷液相区的Fe62Co8—x（Cr,Mo）xNb4Zr6B20非晶态合金的热稳定性与磁性

根据制备块状非晶态合金的三条经验准则,选择了成分为Fe62Co8-xCrxNb4Zr6B20和Fe62Co8-xMoxNb4Zr6B20(x=0,2,4)的合金系,利用单辊急冷法制备出厚为30μm宽为5mm左右的条带,并用差热分析,X射线衍射以及Faraday磁天平,静态磁性测量仪等研究了合金的热稳定性,非晶结构和磁性能,发现含2at%Cr的Fe62Co6Cr2Nb4Zr6B20非晶态合金的过冷液相区ΔTx最宽,达到85K,但是合金系的饱和磁比强度σs随Cr或Mo含量的增加而急剧下降,合金系经973K真空退火900s后,由于晶化相α-Fe等晶相析出,使得合金的σs和Hc都迅速升高。     

用原位x射线小角散射研究块体非晶合金Zr55Cu30Al10 Ni5的结构弛豫

应用同步辐射x射线小角散射法在原位对块体非晶合金Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al ₁₀Ni₅在等温退火过程中的微结构变化进行研究.实验表明：在等温退火过程中电子 密度涨落反映了晶化之前的结构弛豫过程；在一定的退火温度下、随退火时间的增加，拓扑短程序弛豫与化学短程序弛豫之间存在一个电子密度均匀化的过程；导致这两种弛豫过程转变的退火时间与退火温度有关，温度越高，所需的退火时间越短. 关键词： 原位x射线小角散射 块体非晶合金 等温退火 结构弛豫     

Ni_(83)Cr_7Fe_3Si_4B_3非晶态合金在常压及高压下的晶化过程

本文研究了Ni_(85)Cr_7Fe_3Si_4B_3非晶态合金在1bar及100kbar压力下的晶化过程,得到了“时间-温度-变态”图。其结果表明:经高压热处理后的非晶合金其晶化温度降低,fcc-Ni相区域加宽及亚稳Ⅱ相没有形成。另外,还分别计算了常压及100kbar压力下的晶化激活能。     

纳米超微晶Fe_(73.5)Cu_lMo_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金显微结构和磁性的研究

对纳米晶Fe_(73.5)Cu_1Mo_3Si_(13.5)B_9合金的原始制备态和各退火态样品进行了室温Mossbauer谱研究,结果表明晶化态的合金存在α-Fe(Si)微晶相和晶界的非晶相。晶相和非晶相内场和面积随退火温度的变化是退火时Cu,Mo,B等成分的扩散和在各相中的再分配引起的。最佳磁性能对应非晶相中的铁量占合金铁总量的30％左右,超微晶合金的双相无规各向异性模型表明,一定量的非晶相对保持纳米晶优异的软磁性能是必要的。Fe_2B相的出现使合金的性能变坏。     

FeCuNbBSi等多种Fe基非晶态合金激波晶化的DSC研究

 应用升温、等温和重复加热的DSC技术，对几种非晶合金的激波晶化和退火晶化作了对比研究。结果表明，尽管激波晶化时间极短，仅为退火晶化时间的10^-6～10^-8，但晶化度却极高，接近100%。激波晶化形成多种成分和结构的结晶相，形式上很像扩散性相变，然而其相变速率却是退火转变的千万倍，而且生成相十分稳定，这一现象用传统的固态扩散相变理论很难解释。激波晶化是一种新的晶化形式，是一种新的纳米合成技术。     

A STUDY OF THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF AMORPHOUS Cu60Zr40 ALLOY

The crystallization of the amorphous Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ alloy has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning Auger microprobe (SAM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The DSC trace showed that the sample exhibited a glass transition at 750 K and a strong exothermic effect beginning from 782 K. An enrichment of the element Zr and significant oxygen contamination in a zone near the surface to a depth of about 10 nm were revealed by SAM in the analysis of surface competition and depth profiles of the Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ sample. Also, the change of concentration ratio of Ca to Zr in amorphous matrix at the clean Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ surface as a function of annealing temperature was examined in detail, and it was found that the concentration of Zr at the surface is slightly higher than that in the bulk until 780K and that the concentration ratio of Cu to Zr in matrix has an abrupt increase in the temperature range of 780-800K. The observations by high resolution TEM revealed the appearance of cluster-like regions of approximately 1.5-2.0 nm in size just before crystallization and they distributed randomly throughout the sample. This phenomenon is analogous to the results obtained using field ion microscopy (FIM) by the present authors. The microstructural changes of the sample daring heating show the gradual crystallization of the amorphous matrix.     

粉末状态对激光立体成形Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5块体非晶合金晶化行为的影响

基于金属熔体结构的遗传性, 激光熔池的快速熔凝导致粉末的晶化状态可能会对最终成形件的晶化产生重要影响, 理清其影响规律对于制备大块非晶合金具有重要意义. 本文选取等离子旋转电极法所制粉末和1000 K退火态粉末为沉积材料, 采用激光立体成形技术沉积Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅块体非晶合金, 考察了粉末中已有晶化相对熔池及热影响区晶化行为的影响. 结果发现, 原始粉末组织由非晶相及粗大的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相组成; 当激光线能量较低时, 相应熔覆层的熔池和热影响区皆含有Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相; 随着线能量的提高, 熔池中Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相消失, 保持了非晶态, 但热影响区晶化加重, 并有大量Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出; 当采用退火态粉末时, 即使线能量较小, 相应熔覆层仍主要由非晶构成, 几乎无Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 这是由于原始粉末在退火时其微观结构发生重排, 与Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相关的原子短程/中程有序结构减少, 导致已沉积层非晶区的热稳定性提高, 不利于Al₅Ni₃Zr₂相析出. 可见, 提高线能量将会加剧非晶沉积体的晶化, 而粉末中的Al₅Ni₃Zr₂团簇相状态对Zr₅₅Cu₃₀Al₁₀Ni₅合金沉积层的晶化有重要影响.     

A STUDY OF THE CRYSTALLIZATION OF AMORPHOUS Cu60Zr40 ALLOY

The crystallization of the amorphous Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ alloy has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning Auger microprobe (SAM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The DSC trace showed that the sample exhibited a glass transition at 750 K and a strong exothermic effect beginning from 782 K. An enrichment of the element Zr and significant oxygen contamination in a zone near the surface to a depth of about 10 nm were revealed by SAM in the analysis of surface competition and depth profiles of the Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ sample. Also, the change of concentration ratio of Ca to Zr in amorphous matrix at the clean Cu₆₀Zr₄₀ surface as a function of annealing temperature was examined in detail, and it was found that the concentration of Zr at the surface is slightly higher than that in the bulk until 780K and that the concentration ratio of Cu to Zr in matrix has an abrupt increase in the temperature range of 780-800K. The observations by high resolution TEM revealed the appearance of cluster-like regions of approximately 1.5-2.0 nm in size just before crystallization and they distributed randomly throughout the sample. This phenomenon is analogous to the results obtained using field ion microscopy (FIM) by the present authors. The microstructural changes of the sample daring heating show the gradual crystallization of the amorphous matrix.     

Fe73.5Cu1Nb3Si13.5B9非晶合金的激波纳米晶化速率和晶化度的对比研究

对Fe735Cu1Nb3Si135B9等非晶合金进行了退火和激波诱导两种方式的晶化实验以及XRD和DSC分析.着重对合金的晶化速率和晶化度等特性展开了研究和讨论.进一步证实了激波纳米晶化是一种包含着新机理的寓意丰富的晶化现象.也再次验证了作者曾经提出过的“激波流化相变”模型的合理性. 关键词： 非晶合金 激波 纳米晶化     

Production, structure, and microhardness of nanocrystalline Ni-Mo-B alloys

Radiography, differential scanning calorimetry, luminescence and high-resolution electron microscopy are used to study the production, nanocrystalline structure, stability, and microhardness of alloys from the Ni-Mo-B system containing from 27 at. % to 31.5 at. % Mo and 10 at. % B. All studies of these alloys indicated that annealing at 600 °C leads to the creation of a granular phase consisting of FCC nanocrystallites with average grain sizes of 15–25 nm, depending on the chemical composition of the alloy. Annealing these nanocrystalline samples isothermally at a temperature of 600 °C has no appreciable effect on the grain size. Structurally, the nanocrystalline phase consists of grains of an FCC solid solution of Mo and B in Ni, dispersed in an amorphous matrix that isolates them from one another. The lattice parameters of the FCC nanocrystallites depend on the alloy composition and the duration of their isothermal anneal. Within this latter time, molybdenum and boron atoms diffuse from the FCC solid-solution lattice into the surrounding amorphous matrix. The stability of the nanocrystalline structure is determined by the thermal stability of the amorphous matrix, whose crystallization temperature increases with the isothermal annealing time due to enrichment by boron and molybdenum. As the structure forms, the alloy becomes harder as the nanocrystalline grains grow in size. This relation between hardness and grain size, which is opposite to the Hall-Petch law, is explained by hardening of the amorphous matrix due to changes in its chemical composition. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 10–16 (January 1998)     

平面冲击波高速撞击下Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5大块非晶合金的损伤与断裂

 利用二级轻气炮研究了在平面冲击波高速撞击下，Zr₄₁Ti₁₄Cu_12.5Ni₁₀Be_22.5大块非晶合金的损伤与断裂行为。实验结果表明：在高速冲击压缩下，大块非晶合金断裂面的角度小于通常压缩情况的角度，这是由高速撞击下材料极高的应变速率决定的；极高的应变速率变形和局域绝热剪切加热造成局部熔化；在温度和压力的共同作用下，非晶合金发生晶化现象。     

Effects of crystallization fractions on mechanical properties of Zr-based metallic glass matrix composites

The Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (at.%) bulk metallic glass composites with various crystallization fractions were prepared by pretreating the bulk metallic glassy samples with pulsing current, and then by isothermal annealing at near initial crystallization temperature for different periods of time. The precipitations and crystallization fractions were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and their effects on mechanical properties of the composite were studied by micr...     

Formation of the nanostructure in amorphous alloys of the Al-Ni-Y system

The formation of the amorphous-nanocrystalline structure during the crystallization of metallic glasses of the Al-Ni-Y system has been investigated by X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and transmission electron microscopy. It has been shown that the crystallization onset temperature depends on the chemical composition of the alloy, and the crystallization is accompanied by changes in the structure of the amorphous phase, such as the phase separation and the formation of amorphous regions of various compositions with different short-range orders. The nanocrystals nucleate in the amorphous phase by the heterogeneous mechanism. It has been found that the size of precipitated aluminum nanocrystals depends on the alloy composition. The amorphous-nanocrystalline structure formed during the thermal treatment is stable and remains unchanged during the isothermal annealing at 150°C for 500 h.