预平衡核反应统计理论与Hauser-Feshbach公式

本文给出了一个简单明了的理论证明, 证明目前各种预平衡反应的微观理论或唯象模型给出的反应截面中来自平衡部分的贡献就是通常的Hauser-Feshbach公式, 并且Hauser-Feshbach公式给出反应截面的主要部分. 这个结论在物理上是直观的, 虽然有人用数值计算的办法对它进行了说明, 但我们的证明是一个简明的理论证明, 因而更为严格.     

固体表面球冠状液滴开尔文方程推导

推导了固体表面球冠状液滴与气体两相平衡的热力学判据.并依据杨氏公式及球冠几何计算公式,直接证明了对于附着在固体表面的球冠状液滴的平衡气体压强与固体壁面的材质无关.证明过程物理模型清晰,热力学意义明确.     

关于Young-Laplace公式和Kelvin公式的对话

讨论了Young-Laplace公式及Kelvin公式证明和应用中的一些问题.     

LaNi5储氢过程的热力学分析

分析了LaNi5储氢过程的热力学平衡关系,根据平衡状态下的热力学函数,导出了能够完整描述整个实验范围P-C-T关系的平衡公式.利用P-C-T平衡公式对不同温度下平衡压力与储氢量的变化曲线进行了拟合分析,计算并讨论了储氢过程中平衡反应的热力学函数.     

新的质量标度下奇异夸克物质的电荷与临界密度

应用自恰的热力学方式确定夸克质量公式中的参数,并进一步证明,在新的质量标度下,适量的负电荷仍然可以降低奇异夸克物质的临界密度,从而有利于在重离子碰撞实验中寻找strangelets.当然,过量的负电荷仍将使味平衡成为不可能.     

关于均匀各向同性电介质表面为等势面时D=ε0E0的一种证明的讨论

本对公式Ｄ＝ε０Ｅ０给出了一种新的证明方法。指出一篇章对此问题的讨论中的不妥之处。     

HT－7托卡马克中等离子体平衡研究

本文解决了二维轴对称近似下带铁芯的托卡马克中等离子体平衡问题，计算了ＨＴ－７托卡马克中的等离子体平衡位形以及极向场系统的非线性电感和垂直场系数。最后应用Ｋｉｒｃｈｈｏｆｆ方程组和平衡垂直场公式得到了一组等离子体、加热场和垂直场线圈的电流波形的自洽曲线。     

新的质量标度下奇异夸克物质的电荷在临界密度

应用自恰的热力学方式确定夸克质量公式中的参数，并进一步证明，在新的质量标度下，适量的负电荷仍然可以降低奇异夸克物质的临界密度，从而有利于在重离子磁撞实验中寻找ｓｔｒａｎｇｅｌｅｔｓ。当然，过量的负电荷仍将使味平衡成为不可能。     

在受约束物体的碰撞中牛顿公式是成立的

本文对于“受约束物体非弹性碰撞中牛顿公式不适用”这种看法提出了商榷．证明在这类碰撞中牛顿公式是成立的．对于受实际（有弹性的）绳子约束的物体的碰撞问题分别几种情况，提出了解决办法．     

回路作一般运动时的磁通量变化率推导及其应用

推导了刚性回路同时作平动和转动的情况下,回路面的磁通量变化率公式,从较普遍的情况证明,由电磁感应定律和由洛伦兹力得到的动生电动势相等.并将公式应用于载流回路和感应电流所受的磁力(矩)分析,为电磁学基本问题的研究提供理论依据.     

The Complex Bateman Equation

The general solution to the complex Bateman equation is constructed. It is given in implicit form in terms of a functional relationship for the unknown function. The known solution of the usual Bateman equation is recovered as a special case.     

在均匀强磁场中氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的简化公式

在均匀强磁场中,当氢原子的哈密顿量中B2项不能忽略时,氢原子的库仑场对称性遭到破坏,能级简并被全部解除.在应用变分法和数值法计算氢原子的能级过程中,计算十分复杂,而应用微扰法求解氢原子的能级,存在解久期方程的n2高阶行列式的困难.本文应用简并态微扰理论和球谐函数的性质,得到久期方程中非零微扰矩阵元普遍表达式.根据非零微扰矩阵元普遍表达式的性质,可以将氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的n2高阶行列式分解成1阶到n阶共n个低阶行列式的乘积,得到氢原子塞曼效应久期方程的简化公式,使得求解均匀强磁场中氢原子塞曼效应能级过程简化.而且由该公式可以得到氢原子在低能态时塞曼效应能级的解析解.根据该久期方程的简化公式计算了n=3氢原子塞曼效应一级近似能级.     

Stationary momentum space solution of the Fokker-Planck equation for a simple model of a laser oscillator exhibiting spatial dispersion

Starting from a multimode hamiltonian for a system of radiating oscillators coupled with atomic reservoirs, the secular master equation for the radiation-density operator is calculated in the interaction picture after elimination of the atomic variables. Using the differential operator representation for coherent states this equation is transcribed into a multimode Fokker-Planck equation. The stationary solution in momentum space is given for the threshold region. Fourier transformation to configuration space results in a quasi-free energy formula for a laser oscillator exhibiting spatial dispersion.     

外压对饱和蒸气压的影响

讨论了外压对液体饱和蒸气压的影响,并利用毛细现象中力学平衡条件和等温气压公式对此作了推导.     

碘密度对COIL激光频率的影响

 假设处于碘原子同一电子能级的不同超精细子能级上的粒子处于热平衡状态,推导了化学氧碘激光器（COIL）中增益系数在饱和状态附近的表达式,分析了稳定激光振荡谱线的中心频率随碘密度变化的定性规律。     

Role of quantum fluctuations in a system with strong fields: Spectral properties and thermalization

In a previous work [arXiv:1009.4363], we have studied the evolution of a scalar field with a quartic coupling, driven by a classical source that initializes it to a non-perturbatively large value. At leading order in the coupling, the evolution of this system is given by classical solutions of the field equation of motion. However, this system is subject to a parametric resonance that leads to secular divergences in higher-order corrections to physical observables. We have proposed a scheme that resums all the leading secular terms: this resummation leads to finite results at all times, and we have observed also that it makes the pressure tensor of the system relax to its equilibrium value.In the present paper, we continue the study of this system by looking at finer details of its dynamics. We first compute its spectral function at various stages of the evolution, and we observe that after a fairly short transient time there are well-defined massive quasi-particles. We then consider the time evolution of the momentum distribution of these quasi-particles, and we show that after a stage dominated by the parametric resonance, this distribution slowly evolves to an equilibrium distribution. Interestingly, this distribution develops a transient chemical potential, signaling the fact that number changing processes are much slower than the elastic ones.     

On nonlinear dynamics of macroscopic variables

A microscopic derivation of evolution equations for the dominant secular motion of macroscopic variables and for the moments around its secular motion is given.     

Comments on the equilibrium theory of the quantum hall effect

The relation between the thermal equilibrium Hall conductivity generated by minimal gauge transformation and the isolated Hall conductivity given by the Kubo formula is investigated. The contribution of the edge states and some general questions concerning the definition of the equilibrium Hall conductivity are discussed. It is shown that, in the case of an additive electron-impurity system, the two Hall conductivities coincide as long as the Fermi energy is situated in an energy gap.     

一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子

在双折叠环面混沌吸引子方程中构造一种具有多个分段线性化的奇函数，基于递归算法，导出可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子的递归公式.通过适当选取各个分段线性区间的斜率值，利用所得的递归公式计算出分段线性化函数中各个平衡点和转折点之值，最终可产生一类多折叠环面混沌吸引子.给出了产生这类混沌吸引子的计算机数值模拟结果. 关键词： 双折叠环面混沌吸引子 多折叠环面混沌吸引子 递归算法     

Thermodynamical proof of the Gibbs formula for elementary quantum systems

An elementary derivation is given of the formula for the thermal equilibrium states of quantum systems that can be described in finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces. The three assumptions made, Passivity, Structural Stability, and Consistency, have phenomenological interpretations. Except at zero temperature, Structural Stability follows already from Passivity and a weak form of Consistency.