HIRFL-CSR前端总线控制器的改进设计

论述了用于兰州重离子加速器冷却存储环(HIRFL CSR)控制系统的前端总线系统控制器的改进。 改进了控制器的嵌入式操作系统和应用程序, 开发了控制器和数据库交换数据的应用程序。 该控制器基于BGA封装的ARM920T(ARM9)处理器和嵌入式的LINUX操作系统, 可以连接标准的VGA显示器、 键盘、 鼠标, 采用了现场可编程的FPGA器件进行背板接口设计, 并具有64 mA高驱动能力的总线驱动器, 以及拥有灵活的接口信号定义可编程能力, 是HIRFL CSR控制系统的关键部件。 The EVME bus controller which is a key component of the HIRFL CSR control system was improved . Besides reconfiguring the embedded Linux, a utility program was developed for data exchange between the controller and the database. The bus controller is based on ARM920T(ARM9) micro processor which is BGA packaged. The bus controller has the universal interface of VGA display, keyboard, and mouse. The backboard interface logic is programmed in an in system configurable FPGA device. The bus can drive high current up to 64 mA, with the flexibility of the programmable signal definitions. All the improved performance helped the EVME bus controller play a crucial role in HIRFL CSR control system.     

Robust fault-sensitive synchronization of a class of nonlinear systems

Aiming at enhancing the quality as well as the reliability of synchronization,this paper is concerned with the fault detection issue within the synchronization process for a class of nonlinear systems in the existence of external disturbances.To handle such problems,the concept of robust fault-sensitive (RFS) synchronization is proposed,and a method of determining such a kind of synchronization is developed.Under the framework of RFS synchronization,the master and the slave systems are robustly synchronized,and at the same time,sensitive to possible faults based on a mixed H /H ∞ performance.The design of desired output feedback controller is realized by solving a linear matrix inequality,and the fault sensitivity H index can be optimized via a convex optimization algorithm.A master-slave configuration composed of identical Chua’s circuits is adopted as a numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the analytical results.     

Nonsingular terminal sliding mode approach applied to synchronize chaotic systems with unknown parameters and nonlinear inputs

This paper deals with the design of a novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller for finite-time synchronization of two different chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters and nonlinear inputs.We propose a novel nonsingular terminal sliding surface and prove its finite-time convergence to zero.We assume that both the master’s and the slave’s system parameters are unknown in advance.Proper adaptation laws are derived to tackle the unknown parameters.An adaptive sliding mode control law is designed to ensure the existence of the sliding mode in finite time.We prove that both reaching and sliding mode phases are stable in finite time.An estimation of convergence time is given.Two illustrative examples show the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed technique.It is worthwhile noticing that the introduced nonsingular terminal sliding mode can be applied to a wide variety of nonlinear control problems.     

Prediction of fish body’s passive visco-elastic properties and related muscle mechanical performance in vivo during steady swimming

For attaining the optimized locomotory performance of swimming fishes,both the passive visco-elastic properties of the fish body and the mechanical behavior of the active muscles should coordinate with the fish body’s undulatory motion pattern.However,it is difficult to directly measure the visco-elastic constitutive relation and the muscular mechanical performance in vivo.In the present paper,a new approach based on the continuous beam model for steady swimming fish is proposed to predict the fish body’s visco-elastic properties and the related muscle mechanical behavior in vivo.Given the lateral travelling-wave-like movement as the input condition,the required muscle force and the energy consumption are functions of the fish body’s visco-elastic parameters,i.e.the Young’s modulus E and the viscosity coefficient in the Kelvin model.After investigating the variations of the propagating speed of the required muscle force with the fish body’s visco-elastic parameters,we analyze the impacts of the visco-elastic properties on the energy efficiencies,including the energy utilization ratios of each element of the kinematic chain in fish swimming and the overall efficiency.Under the constraints of reasonable wave speed of muscle activation and the physiological feasibility,the optimal design of the passive visco-elastic properties can be predicted aiming at maximizing the overall efficiency.The analysis is based on the small-amplitude steady swimming of the carangiform swimmer,with typical Reynolds number varying from 2.5×104to 2.5×105,and the present results show that the non-dimensional Young’s modulus is 112±34,and the non-dimensional viscosity coefficient is 13 approximately.In the present estimated ranges,the overall efficiency of the swimming fish is insensitive to the viscosity,and its magnitude is about 0.11±0.02,in the predicted range given by previous study.     

A secure key agreement protocol based on chaotic maps

To guarantee the security of communication in the public channel,many key agreement protocols have been proposed.Recently,Gong et al.proposed a key agreement protocol based on chaotic maps with password sharing.In this paper,Gong et al.’s protocol is analyzed,and we find that this protocol exhibits key management issues and potential security problems.Furthermore,the paper presents a new key agreement protocol based on enhanced Chebyshev polynomials to overcome these problems.Through our analysis,our key agreement protocol not only provides mutual authentication and the ability to resist a variety of common attacks,but also solve the problems of key management and security issues existing in Gong et al.’s protocol.     

Consensus problems of first-order dynamic multi-agent systems with multiple time delays

Consensus problems of first-order multi-agent systems with multiple time delays are investigated in this paper. We discuss three cases: 1) continuous, 2) discrete, and 3) a continuous system with a proportional plus derivative controller. In each case, the system contains simultaneous communication and input time delays. Supposing a dynamic multi-agent system with directed topology that contains a globally reachable node, the sufficient convergence condition of the system is discussed with respect to each of the three cases based on the generalized Nyquist criterion and the frequency-domain analysis approach, yielding conclusions that are either less conservative than or agree with previously published results. We know that the convergence condition of the system depends mainly on each agent’s input time delay and the adjacent weights but is independent of the communication delay between agents, whether the system is continuous or discrete. Finally, simulation examples are given to verify the theoretical analysis.     

A GUI tool for beta function measurement using MATLAB

The beta function measurement is used to detect the shift in the betatron tune as the strength of an individual quadrupole magnet is varied. A GUI （graphic user interface） tool for the beta function measurement is developed using the MATLAB program language in the Linux environment, which facilitates the commissioning of the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility （SSRF） storage ring. In this paper, we describe the design of the application and give some measuring results and discussions about the definition of the measurement. The program has been optimized to solve some restrictions of the AT tracking code. After the correction with LOCO （linear optics from closed orbits）, the horizontal and the vertical root mean square values （rms values） can be reduced to 0.12 and 0.10.     

Nonsingular terminal sliding mode approach applied to synchronize chaotic parameters and systems with unknown nonlinear inputs

This paper deals with the design of a novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller for finite-time synchro-nization of two different chaotic systems with fully unknown parameters and nonlinear inputs. We propose a novel nonsingular terminal sliding surface and prove its finite-time convergence to zero. We assume that both the master＇s and the slave＇s system parameters are unknown in advance. Proper adaptation laws are derived to tackle the unknown parameters. An adaptive sliding mode control law is designed to ensure the existence of the sliding mode in finite time. We prove that both reaching and sliding mode phases are stable in finite time. An estimation of convergence time is given. Two illustrative examples show the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed technique. It is worthwhile noticing that the introduced nonsingular terminal sliding mode can be applied to a wide variety of nonlinear control problems.     

Numerical Simulation Multicomponent Ion Beam Transport form ECR Ion Source

In order to simulate the transport of multi-components ion beam extracted from an ECR ion source, we have developed a multi-charged ion beam transport program named MCIBS 1.0. The program is dedicated to numerical simulation of the behavior of highly-charged ion beam and optimization of beam optics in transport lines and is realized on a PC with Windows user interface of Microsoft Visual Basic. Among all the ions with different charge states in the beam, the exchanges of electrons between highly charged ions and low charged ions or neutral,atoms of residual gas are taken into account by using classical Molecular Over-barrier Model and Monte Carlo method. An advanced Windows graphical interface makes it; comfortable and friendly for the user to operate in an interactive mode. The present program is used for the numerical calculation and optimization of beam optics in a transport line consisting of various magnetic elements, such as dipole magnet, quadrupole and so on. It is possible to simultaneously simulate 200,000 particles, in a transport line of 340 m at most, and show every particle orbit. Beam cross section graphics and emittance phase pictures can be also shown at any position in the transport line.     

HIRFL改造中的加速器物理问题

从加速器运行的角度对兰州重离子加速器 HIRFL建成以来所存在的问题进行了总结 ,结合放射束物理和冷却储存环 CSR对 HIRFL的新要求 ,从加速器的物理设计方面提出了一些改进方案 .主要问题有 :超低能束流传输的空间电荷效应的影响 ,扇聚焦回旋加速器 SFC高频加速电压不对称对束流轨道的影响 ,用半频聚束的方式补偿两台回旋加速器的纵向不匹配 ,前束线上聚束器的工作模式的选取 ,强杂散磁场对超低能和低能束流传输的影响 ,分离扇回旋加速器 SSC注入区过垫补磁场对注入束流轨道的影响 ,SFC和 SSC的单圈引出 ,重离子通过剥离膜后的束流损失和束流品质的变坏等.From the viewpoints of the HIRFL operation and the new requirements to HIRFL by the study of radioactive beam physics and CSR project, the HIRFL upgrading program has been proposed after studying the existing problems found during the operation and new problems when increasing the beam intensιty and ion variety. The accelerator physics problems of the upgrading program were discussed here, which include the space charge effect on the very low energy beam line...     

HIRFL改造中的加速器物理问题

从加速器运行的角度对兰州重离子加速器 HIRFL建成以来所存在的问题进行了总结 ,结合放射束物理和冷却储存环 CSR对 HIRFL的新要求 ,从加速器的物理设计方面提出了一些改进方案 .主要问题有 :超低能束流传输的空间电荷效应的影响 ,扇聚焦回旋加速器 SFC高频加速电压不对称对束流轨道的影响 ,用半频聚束的方式补偿两台回旋加速器的纵向不匹配 ,前束线上聚束器的工作模式的选取 ,强杂散磁场对超低能和低能束流传输的影响 ,分离扇回旋加速器 SSC注入区过垫补磁场对注入束流轨道的影响 ,SFC和 SSC的单圈引出 ,重离子通过剥离膜后的束流损失和束流品质的变坏等.From the viewpoints of the HIRFL operation and the new requirements to HIRFL by the study of radioactive beam physics and CSR project, the HIRFL upgrading program has been proposed after studying the existing problems found during the operation and new problems when increasing the beam intensιty and ion variety. The accelerator physics problems of the upgrading program were discussed here, which include the space charge effect on the very low energy beam line...     

Beam transport experiment with a new kicker control system on the HIRFL

A kicker control system is used for beam extraction and injection between two cooling storage rings(CSRs) at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). To meet the requirements of special physics experiments, the kicker controller has been upgraded, with a new controller designed based on ARM+DSP+FPGA technology and monolithic circuit architecture, which can achieve a precision time delay of 2.5 ns. In September2014, the new kicker control system was installed in the kicker field, and the test experiment using the system was completed. In addition, a pre-trigger signal was provided by the controller, which was designed to synchronize the beam diagnostic system and physics experiments. Experimental results indicate that the phenomena of "missed kick"and "inefficient kick" were not observed, and the multichannel trigger signal delay could be adjusted individually for kick power supplies in digitization; thus, the beam transport efficiency was improved compared with that of the original system. The fast extraction and injection experiment was successfully completed based on the new kicker control systems for HIRFL.     

HIRFL人身安全联锁系统的设计与实现

兰州重离子加速器(简称HIRFL),是我国规模最大、加速离子种类最多、能量最高的重离子研究装置,可提供单核子能量达GeV量级的重离子束。HIRFL运行时,束流会在加速器隧道内产生辐射,需要建立一套人身安全联锁系统来保障人员的辐射安全。HIRFL人身安全联锁系统遵循分区联锁、硬件最可靠、失效保护、冗余及独立性、自锁等设计原则,选用了可靠性高的冗余PLC作为核心控制器,并使用了安全性高的联锁部件。本工作的完成保障了HIRFL工作人员的辐射安全,也为同类型加速器装置的人身安全联锁系统设计提供了参考。     

HIRFL与CSR的匹配研究

国家重大科学工程HIRFLCSR冷却储存环计划主环CSRm利用已有的HIRFL作为注入器,为了更好地利用HIRFL加速器的能力,对这两台加速器的匹配在原来的初步考虑的基础上进行了较为详细的研究,提出了分别利用HIRFL自己的注入器SFC单独注入到CSR以及SFC加上主加速器SSC注入到CSR的两套方案,既可以提高HIRFL与CSR的总传输效率,又可以在SFC与CSR联合运行的同时使SSC与另建的小回旋加速器组合加速质子,从而充分提高HIRFL的运行效率.     

基于LabVIEW激光引信回波模拟装置设计

激光引信回波模拟装置是激光引信测试设备的重要组成部分。介绍了激光引信回波模拟装置的组成,设计了用于该装置的硬件电路和软件控制系统。硬件电路采用单片机完成控制指令的接收和控制信号的产生,使用串行扩展芯片GM8125将单片机AT89S52的串行口扩展成5个,满足了激光引信回波模拟装置串口资源要求。软件控制系统基于LabVlFⅣ设计,主要包括串口通信程序和控制指令的产生程序,控制指令经串口通信传送给硬件电路。实验结果表明,该装置满足激光引信测试设备的要求。     

HIGHLYCHARGEDATOMICPHYSICSATHIRFL－

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HIRFL的辐照治癌终端

为了进行重离子束流的肿瘤治疗和生物效应的研究,HIRFL正在建造一个辐照治癌终端.主要介绍了该终端的束流制备方法和束流线的布局、性能参数和束流光学设计计算结果. A new experimental terminal is being constructed at HIRFL for research program of proton and heavy ion therapies and irradiation effects of living things . The beam preparation method and the layout, performance and beam optics calculation of the beam line are presented.     

HIRFL-CSRm电源监测系统

电源监测系统为兰州重离子加速器装置(HIRFL)机器研究、自动调束、深度学习提供重要的实时数据，在对HIRFL进行EPICS升级过程中，重新设计电源监测系统，采用分布式的设计布局，形成一种由上层、中间件、底层构成的拓展架构，实现上层数据的中间件处理、下层参数的中间件统一下发，避免上层非法参数对下层设备的不利影响，简化下层异常的处理；为了调束方便，整合显示界面，优化不同功能界面上大数据量显示的难题，提高显示的流畅度；为了完成数据的后台分析，搭建非关系型数据库集群，实现重要数据多副本、实时数据分片多节点存储，提高数据安全性及数据库读写速度，避免复杂的数据库表结构设置，拓展数据库集群优化及节点增加。     

兰州重离子加速器分时供束的Chopper模式解析

 介绍了兰州重离子加速器分时供束系统中Chopper模式解析子系统的体系结构及硬件组成,分析了软件需求,并采用多线程技术设计了Chopper模式解析程序。首先使用NI-DAQmx函数实时读取PXI6133数据采集卡上采集的Chopper模式脉冲,然后对其作进一步分析,最后使用TCP/IP协议将相应的工作模式控制指令发送给控制器。设计的程序达到了系统要求,实现了Chopper模式自动转换的功能,并通过了现场测试。