多缝衍射的计算机模拟与演示

利用一个多缝衍射模型模拟光和微观粒子的干涉衍射现象。该模型可演示光的双干涉、ｎ缝衍射及色散现象;也可演示微观粒子的单、双缝衍射,物质波的概率特性及粒子从量行为到经典行为的过渡。     

Lattice—BGK simulation of a two—dimensional channel flow around a square cylinder

The confined flow around a square cylinder mounted inside a two-dimensional channel (blockage ratio $\be=1/8$) was investigated in detail by a newly developed incompressible nonuniform lattice-BGK model. It is found that the vortex shedding behind the cylinder induces periodicity in the flow field, and the periodicity of the flow will lose for $Re>$300. A detailed analysis for a range of Reynolds numbers between 1 and 500 was presented. Quantitative comparisons with other methods show that the model gives accurate results for complex flows.     

Large eddy simulation of a shocked gas cylinder instability induced turbulence

The Navier-Stokes equations for compressible fluid are solved with the operator splitting technique and LES (large eddy simulation) with the Smagorinsky model. A computational code MVFT (multi-viscosity-fluid and turbulence) is developed to study hydrodynamic instability and the induced turbulent mixing for multi compressible fluid. In order to validate the code MVFT,the LANL's shock tube experiment of shocked SF6 gas cylinder is simulated with the initial state of SF6 gas cylinder described by dissipative ...     

Computer simulation of physisorption on a heterogeneous surface

The technique of molecular dynamics was used to determine the structures of krypton physisorbed on a simple heterogeneous surface. The solid was modelled as an infinite set of straight square-walled grooves cut into an otherwise flat surface. The computed local densities show that the atoms adsorb as one-dimensionally ordered rows near the walls of the grooves. This order decays with increasing distance from the walls. Also, the atoms adsorbed on the steps exhibit little order at the simulation temperature of 110 K.     

计算机模拟有阻尼的驻波振动

讨论了两列相向而行、振幅随传播距离增加而线性衰减的相干波叠加后的数学形式，并用计算机模拟了计算结果，得到稳定的驻波波形．     

Genetic algorithm based active vibration control for a moving flexible smart beam driven by a pneumatic rod cylinder

A rod cylinder based pneumatic driving scheme is proposed to suppress the vibration of a flexible smart beam. Pulse code modulation (PCM) method is employed to control the motion of the cylinder's piston rod for simultaneous positioning and vibration suppression. Firstly, the system dynamics model is derived using Hamilton principle. Its standard state-space representation is obtained for characteristic analysis, controller design, and simulation. Secondly, a genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to optimize and tune the control gain parameters adaptively based on the specific performance index. Numerical simulations are performed on the pneumatic driving elastic beam system, using the established model and controller with tuned gains by GA optimization process. Finally, an experimental setup for the flexible beam driven by a pneumatic rod cylinder is constructed. Experiments for suppressing vibrations of the flexible beam are conducted. Theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed pneumatic drive scheme and the adopted control algorithms are feasible. The large amplitude vibration of the first bending mode can be suppressed effectively.     

Computer simulation of a two-stage millimeter-wave klystron oscillator

The results of computer simulation of a two-stage millimeter-wave klystron oscillator are reported. The oscillator consists of two closed-loop floating-drift-tube klystrons with the output cavity of one klystron connected to the input cavity of the other and vice versa. It is shown that 200-W oscillations at a frequency of 95 GHz can be reached by optimizing the coupling coefficient between the cavities and the loaded Q factor.     

Computer simulation of a combined cycle power plant

This paper presents the simulation procedure developed to predict the performance of a combined cycle power plant from given performance characteristics of its main components. In order that the procedure could be validated, the simulation technique has been applied to a typical combined cycle power plant (having a dual pressure bottoming cycle) manufactured by a prominent company. The characteristics of the standard equipment like the air compressor, steam and gas turbines, various pumps, etc. have been taken from the manufacturer's catalogues and converted into appropriate equations based on theoretical understanding. The performance of various heat exchangers (like economizers, superheaters, evaporators, etc.) has been determined by using the effectiveness concept after evaluating the overall heat transfer coefficient by using appropriate correlations from literature. The strategy of system simulation is obtained by judiciously interlinking the information flow diagrams of various components and thus the task is finally reduced to that of solving nine non-linear equations for nine variables. The predicted performance of the system is seen to be in good agreement with in good agreement with its rated performance.     

Computer simulation study of a two-dimensional dipolar lattice

Summary The present work reports Monte Carlo calculations on a classical square lattice, consisting of purely dipolar plane rotators with identical dipole moments. Dipolar interactions are known not be essential for nematic ordering, but they can play a significant role in some specific cases; along the lines of the lattice model approximation already used in simulation work on liquid crystals, our system can be considered as an extreme case of nematogenic potential model. The system possesses an antiferroelectric ground state and, at higher temperature, it undergoes a transition to an orientationally disordered phase; comparison with the mean-field treatment of the transition is also reported. The structural properties were investigated by calculating orientational correlation functions, and found to exhibit some qualitative differences with respect to other potential models previously investigated for nematics. Simulation results indicate a close qualitative similarity with a three-dimensional analogue investigated in our previous work.

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Riassunto Il presente lavoro riporta calcoli Monte Carlo per un reticolo classico quadrato, costituito da rotatori piani puramente dipolari, con identici momenti. è noto che le interazioni dipolari non sono essenziali per l'ordinamento nematico, ma esse possono avere un ruolo significativo in alcuni casi specifici; lungo le linee dell'approssimazione a modello reticolare già applicata in lavori di simulazione per cristalli liquidi, il nostro sistema può pertanto venire considerato come un caso estremo di modello di potenziale nematogenico. Il sistema possiede stato fondamentale antiferroelettrico ed, a temperatura piú elevata, transisce ad una fase orientazionalmente disordinata; si riportano per confronto i risultati della trattazione a campo medio per tale transizione. Le proprietà strutturali furono investigate calcolando funzioni di correlazione orientazionale, e si è trovato che esse mostrano qualche differenza qualitativa rispetto ad altri modelli di potenziale previamente studiati per nematici. I risultati di simulazione indicano una stretta somiglianza qualitativa con un analogo tridimensionale investigato in nostri precedenti lavori.

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Резюме В этой работе предлагаются вычисления по методу Монте-Карло для классической квадратичной решетки, состоящей нз чнсто дипольных плоских ротаторов с тождественными дипольными моментами. Известно, что дипольные взаимодействия не являются существенными для нематического упорядочения, но они могут играть существенную роль в некоторых специфических случаях: в частности, в приближении модельной решетки, уже использованном при моделировании на жидких кристаллах, наша система может рассматриваться как предельный случай модели немтическочо потенциала. Рассмотренная система обладает антиферромагнитным основным состоянием и при высоких температурах она претерпевает переход в ориентационно разупорядоченную фазу; также проводится сравнение с рассмотрением этого перехода с помощью среднего поля. Исследуются структурные свойства, вычисляя ориентационные корреляционные функции. Обнаружено существование некоторых качественных различий по сравнению с моделями потенциалов, ранее использованных для нематиков. Результаты моделирования обнаруживают качественное подобие с трехмерным аналогом, исследованным в нашей предыдущей работе.

     

Numerical simulation of flow around a circular cylinder with curved sectional grooves

In a circular cylinder with uniform flow, a sudden decrease in the drag force occurs at a high Reynolds numbers; however, it is known that the same phenomenon occurs at a lower Reynolds number in the case where there exist grooves or roughness on the circular cylinder surface. To clarify the flow characteristics around a circular cylinder in the case of changing the shape of grooves we analyzed the drag coefficient, lift coefficient, turbulent kinetic energy, vorticity and pressure by applying the RNGk-ε turbulent model. The shapes of the grooves were arced, triangulated and curved. The results showed that the separation point for a circular cylinder with curved sectional grooves shifts to the most downstream side and the drag coefficient becomes the smallest among circular cylinders with grooves.     

3D simulation and visualization of unsteady wake flow behind a cylinder

In this paper we focus on 3D simulation of unsteady wake flow behind a circular cylinder. We show that in addition to accurate formulations and sufficiently-refined meshes, efficient computing methods are essential components of an effective simulation strategy. We use the Multi-Domain Method (MDM) we developed recently in computation of two cases. At Reynolds number 300, we demonstrate how the MDM enables us to use highly-refined meshes to capture wake patterns which we otherwise cannot fully represent. At Reynolds number 140, we show that with the MDM we can extend our computations sufficiently downstream, and with sufficient accuracy, to successfully capture the second phase of the Karman vortex street, which has been observed in laboratory experiments, and which has double the spacing between the vortices compared to the first phase.     

三维柱腔内辐射输运的一维模拟

在惯性约束聚变实验中,使用一维辐射流体力学程序模拟辐射在管壁约束的介质中的传输,因为无法考虑管壁辐射漏失等二维或三维边缘效应而引入了较大的误差.通过解析的视角因子公式和反照率定标公式来模拟X射线在管壁中的损失以及腔壁开口的漏失等边缘效应,对一维辐射流体力学程序MULTI的辐射输运计算进行了修改,成功模拟了X射线辐照下金等离子体的界面运动轨迹,比不考虑边缘漏失更接近实验测量结果,证明了该方法的有效性.     

Computer simulation of pulse generators with a combined-core transformer

An original algorithm for the computation of the transient process taking place in pulse circuits with a transformer having many windings with prescribed unequal coupling coefficients is presented which is different from the known universal algorithms. An algorithm for determining inductances and mutual inductances in a two-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system is also presented. The use of the algorithm is exemplified by computations of the voltages across the windings of an open-core transformer. Institute of High Current Electronics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 12, pp. 47–52, December, 1999.     

Computer simulation study of a simple cubic dipolar lattice

Summary The present work reports Monte Carlo calculations on a classical simple cubic lattice, consisting of point dipoles with identical dipole moments. Dipolar interactions are known not to be essential for nematic ordering, but they can play a significant role in some specific cases; along the lines of the lattice model approximation already used in simulation work on liquid crystals, our system can thus be considered as an extreme case of nematogenic potential model. The system possesses an antiferroelectric ground state and, at higher temperature, it undergoes a transition to an orientationally disordered phase; comparison with mean-field and spherical-model treatments of the transition is also reported. The structural properties were investigated by calculating orientational correlation functions and found to exhibit some qualitative differences with respect to other potential models previously investigated for nematics.

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Riassunto Il presente lavoro riporta calcoli Monte Carlo per un reticolo classico cubico semplice, costituito da dipoli puntiformi con identico momento dipolare. è noto che le interazioni dipolari non sono essenziali per l’ordinamento nematico, ma esse possono avere un ruolo significantivo in alcuni casi specifici; lungo le linee dell’approssimazione a modello reticolare già applicata in lavori di simulazione per cristalli liquidi, il nostro sistema può pertanto essere considerato come un caso estremo di modello di potenziale nematogenico. Il sistema possiede stato fondamentale antiferroelectrico ed, a temperature piú elevata, transisce ad una fase orientazionalmente disordinata; sono riportati per confronto i risultati delle trattazioni a campo medio, ed a modello sferico per tale transizione. Le proprietà strutturali furono investigate calcolando funzioni di correlazione orientazionale, e si è trovato che esse mostrano qualche differenza qualitativa rispetto ad altri modelli di potenziale previamente studiati per nematici.

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Резюме В работе предлагается моделирование по методу Монте-Карло классической простой кубической решетки, образованной точечными диполями с тождественными дипольными моментами. Известно, что дипольные взаимодействия не являются существенными для нематическояо упорядочения, но они игроют существенную роль в некоторых специфических случаях. Рассматриваемая система обладает антиферроэлектрическим основным состоянием и, при высокой темлературе, претерпевает переход в ориентационно упорядоченную фазу. Проводится сравнение с приближ=yeнием среднего поля и рассмотрением в рамках сферической модели этого перехода. Псследуутся структурные свойства, посредством вычисления ориентационных корреляционных функций. Обнаружены нектторые ксчественные различия по сравнению с другими потенциалыми моделями, ранее рассмотренными для описания нематики.

     

Computer simulation of collective phenomena in a turbulent plasma

A short review of the results of one- and two-dimensional computer investigations of strong Langmuir turbulence is given. The main topics of interest are the following: formation of high energetic electron tails; ion sound turbulence accompanying collapse and plasmons' conversion; modulation instability (MI) in X,Y-geometry for $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{e}}\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{? 1}$ and $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{e}}\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{i}}\text{?1}$; MI in transverse magnetic field. The case of the “forced” collapse (quasicollapse) in presence of an external pump $\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>ext</mtext>}}\text{=}\text{E}{}_{\mathrm{<mtext>ox</mtext>}}\text{Cos}\text{ω}{}_{\mathrm{o}}\text{t}$ is considered.