Phosphoranes par fermeture trans-annulaire: III—Conformation—configuration—labilité

The analysis of the n.m.r. spectra of the two isomers of 1,6,6-trimethyl-3-phenyl-2,8-dioxa-5-aza-1-phospha ^vbicyclo[3.3.0]octane allows us to propose a conformation for each 5-membered ring and for the configuration of the phosphorus atom. The lability of the H? P proton, revealed by high temperature experiments and by P? H ? P? D exchange, is significantly different in the two isomers.     

Etude par RMN 1H d'hétérocycles voisins de l'oxazaphospholane-1,3,2: III—Le phényl-1 dioxa-2,8 aza-5 phosphav-1 bicyclo[3.3.0]octane et le dioxa-1,6 diaza-4,9 phosphav-5 spir[4.4]nonane

The interpretation in terms of conformational analysis of ¹H n.m.r. parameters of 1-phenyl-2,8-dioxa-5-aza-1-phospha^v bicyclo[3.3.0]octane is consistent with a rigid envelope conformation for each 5-membered ring and a planar nitrogen atom. In the case of 1,6-dioxa-4,9-diaza-5-phospha^vspiro[4.4]nonane, the same procedure shows librational motions around the C? C bond.     

Structure and Photochemical Properties of r‐1, c‐2, t‐3, t‐4‐l, 3‐Bis [2‐ (5‐R‐benzoxazolyl) ] −2,4‐di (4‐R' ‐phenyl) cyclobutane

r‐1, c‐2, t‐3, t‐4‐1,3‐Bis[2‐(5‐R‐benzoxazolyl)]‐2,4‐di(4‐R'‐phenyl)cyclobutane (IIa: R=R' = H; IIb: R=Me, R'= H; IIc: R = Me, R' = OMe) was synthesized with high stereo‐selectivity by the photodimerization of trans‐l‐[2‐(5‐R‐benzoxazolyl)]‐2‐(4‐R'‐phenyl) ethene (Ia: R=R' = H; Ib: R = Me, R' = H; Ic: R = Me, R' = OMe) in sulfuric acid. The structures of IIa–IIc were identified by elemental analysis, IR, UV, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and MS. The molecular and crystal structure of IIc has been determined by X‐ray diffraction method. The crystal of IIc (C₃₄H₃₀N₂O₄. 0.5C₂OH) is monoclinic, space group P2₁/n with cell dimensions of a = 1.5416(3), b =0.5625(1), c = 1.7875(4) nm, β = 91.56 (3)°, V= 1.550(1) nm³, Z = 2. The structure shows that the molecule of IIc is centrosymmetric, which indicates that the dimerization process is a head‐to‐tail fashion. The selectivity of the photodimerization of Ia–Ic has been enhanced by using acidic solvent and the reaction speed would be decreased when electron donating group was introduced in the 4‐position of the phenyl group. That the photodimerization is not affected by the presence of oxygen as well as its high stereo‐selectivity demonstrated that the reaction proceeded through an excited singlet state. It was also found that under irradiation of short wavelength UV, these dimers underwent photolysis completely to reproduce its trans‐monomers, and then the new formed species changed into their cis‐isomers through trans‐cis isomerization.     

Hétérocycles contenant du phosphore: XXVII—Etude par Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire de quelques dérivés des dioxa-et dithiaphospholanes-1,3,2 monosubstitués en 4

The ¹H n.m.r. spectra of some derivatives of 4-methyl (or 4-phenyl) 1,3,2-dioxa- and 1,3,2-dithiaphospholanes are analysed. The configurational study of the compounds has been investigated. The torsional angle of the C₄? C₅ fragment is calculated and the ring conformation in solution is discussed.     

The stable planar conformation of the γ-butyrolactone ring in solution

<正>The conformations ofγ-butyrolactone ring in solution were deduced on the basis of ~1H NMR spectra of geminal protons of the butyrolactone ring.A series of optically pure(Z)-(-)-4-(1'-alkoxyl-1'-carbalkoxy-methylene)-5(R)[(1R)-menthyloxy]-γ-butyr-olactones with a stable planar conformation of γ-butyrolactone ring were found.     

THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF PSEUDOLARIC ACID D

<正> Mr=318.46, orthorhombic, P212121, a=6.921(2), b=10.175(2), c= 25.036(5) A, Z=4, Dc=1.200 g.cm-3, V=1763.0 A3, final R=0.057 for 1451 observed reflections. The rings A and B take chair conformations, so is the ring C approximately. The ring D takes envelop conformation. The rings A and B are trans-fused in the structure.     

Efficient dehydration of primary amides to nitriles catalyzed by phosphorus-chalcogen chelated iron hydrides

A series of phosphorus-chalcogen chelated hydrido iron (II) complexes 1–7 , (o-(R'₂P)-p-R-C₆H₄Y)FeH (PMe₃)₃ ( 1 : R = H, R' = Ph, Y = O; 2 : R = Me, R' = Ph, Y = O; 3 : R = H, R' = ⁱPr, Y = O; 4 : R = Me, R' = ⁱPr, Y = O; 5 : R = H, R' = Ph, Y = S; 6 : R = Me, R' = Ph, Y = S; 7 : R = H, R' = Ph, Y = Se), were synthesized. The catalytic performances of 1–7 for dehydration of amides to nitriles were explored by comparing three factors: (1) different chalcogen coordination atoms Y; (2) R' group of the phosphine moiety; (3) R substituent group at the phenyl ring. It is confirmed that 5 with S as coordination atom has the best catalytic activity and 7 with Se as coordination atom has the poorest catalytic activity among complexes 1 , 5 and 7 . Electron-rich complex 4 is the best catalyst among the seven complexes and the dehydration reaction was completed by using 2 mol% catalyst loading at 60 °C with 24 hr in the presence of (EtO)₃SiH in THF. Catalyst 4 has good tolerance to many functional groups. Among the seven iron complexes, new complexes 3 and 4 were obtained via the O-H bond activation of the preligands o-ⁱPr₂P(C₆H₄)OH and o-ⁱPr₂P-p-Me-(C₆H₄)OH by Fe(PMe₃)₄. Both 3 and 4 were characterized by spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalytic mechanism was experimentally studied and also proposed.     

Synthesis and Characterization of New 1-Methyl-4-(Methylamino)Piperidine and Decahydroquinoline Platinum(II) Complexes Containing Disubstituted Sulfide as a Leaving Group

A series of cationic platinum(II) complexes of the type [Pt(mmap)R'R"S)Cl](NO₃) and [Pt(dhq)₂(R'R"S)Cl]-(NO₃) (where mmap=1-methyl-4-(methylamino)piperidine; dhq=decahydroquinoline; and R'R"S=dimethylsulfide, diethylsulfide, diisopropylsulfide, diphenylsulfide, dibenzylsulfide, methylphenylsulfide or methyl-p-tolylsulfide) has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, ¹H and ¹⁹⁵Pt nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques.     

Cyclic organophosphorus compounds. XVIII—the mass spectroscopy of some 2-amino-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinans,cyclic phosphorodiamidates and phosphorodiamidothionates

Stepwise replacement of O in 1,3-dioxa-2-phospha(V)-cyclohexanes (or related ring systems) by NR (R=H or Me) leads to an increase in the stability of the hetero-ring ions produced under electron impact conditions. In the case of the 2-phenoxy derivatives, there is also an increased abundance of [M? PhO]⁺ or [M? PhOH]⁺ ions, and, for the 2-sulphides, a reduction in the abundance of [M-S]^+˙ and [M-SH]⁺ ions, with a concurrent increase in that of [M-PhS]⁺ ions. Such trends have been correlated with ultraviolet photoelectron spectral data on a qualitative basis.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Triorganophosphorus, -Arsenic and -Antimony(V) Amido Derivatives

A number of triorganophosphorus, -arsenic, and -antimony(V) amido derivatives of the general formula R 2 R'ML 2 [where R = C 6 F 5 , C 6 H 5 ; R' = C 6 F 5 , C 6 H 4 CH 3 - p ; M = P, As or Sb and L = imidazole, benzimidazole, 2-methyl benzimidazole, indazole, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrocarbazole] have been synthesized by the metathetical reaction of triorganophosphorus, -arsenic, and -antimony(V) halides and the corresponding imidazoles in the presence of triethyl amine. These compounds have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR and NMR ( 1 H and 19 F) spectroscopy, conductance, and molecular weight data. The Van't Hoff factor "i" and molar conductance data of the compounds revealed them to be monomeric and nonionic in nature. On the basis of spectroscopic studies, a tentative trigonal bipyramidal structure has been assigned for these amido derivatives.     

Early/Late Heteronuclear Complexes Bridged by Bifunctional Phosphorus-Based Ligands

Substituted bifunctional phosphorus-based ligands HX(CRR') n PR"H (or -PR" 2 ) [where X = O, S, NR', (substituted) cyclopentadienyl; n = 1, 2, 3; R, R', R" = alkyl, aryl, H] were employed as bridging ligands in the synthesis of early/late bridged transition metal complexes. Synthetic routes to the bifunctional ligands were also developed. First, mononuclear complexes, such as [TpZr(OCH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 ] (Tp = trispyrazolylborato), [Cp 2 Zr(1-O-2-PHR-C 6 H 10 )(Me)] (R = 2,4,6-Pr i 3 C 6 H 2 (Tipp)), [Cp 2 Zr(SCH 2 CH 2 PHR) 2 ] (R = Ph, Mes, Tipp), and phosphinoferrocene derivatives, were prepared. These complexes are suitable precursors for the introduction of a second metal (as in, for example, [TpZr( w -OCH 2 PPh 2 ) 3 Mo(CO) 3 ]).     

Synthesis,Properties, Structure and Reactivity of Sodium 2,3,4,5-Tetra- tert -butylcyclopentaphosphanide

The reaction between Na, t BuPCl 2 , and PCl 3 in thf gives Na[ cyclo -( t Bu 4 P 5 )] ( 1 ). 1 reacts with PCl 3 to yield ( cyclo - t Bu 3 P 4 ) t BuPCl ( 2 ), and with a proton source, such as HCl, NH 4 Cl, or t BuCl, to give cyclo - t Bu 4 P 5 H ( 3 ). The reaction of 1 with [MCl 2 (PRR' 2 ) 2 ] (M = Ni; R = R' = Et; M = Pd, Pt, R = Ph, R' = Me) gives [Ni{ cyclo -( t Bu 3 P 5 )}(PEt 3 ) 2 ] ( 4 ), [Pd{ cyclo -( t Bu 4 P 5 )} 2 ] ( 5 ), and [PtCl{ cyclo -( t Bu 3 P 4 ) t BuP}(PPhMe 2 )] ( 6 ). 1-6 were characterized by 31 P{ 1 H} NMR spectroscopy, and 1 and 4-6 were also characterized by X-ray crystallography.     

Crystal structure of 6-benzylamino-9-[2-tetrahydropyranyl]-9H-purine.

C17H19O2N5 is monoclinic, P2(1)/n. Unit-cell dimensions at 293 K are a = 10.802(1), b = 24.085(2), c = 12.933(1)A, beta = 106.119(6) degrees, V = 3232.4(6)A3, Dx = 1.271 g/cm3, and Z = 8. The R value is 0.068 for 3017 observed reflections. There are two independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, denoted by A and B. In A, the dihedral angle between the adenine moiety and the phenyl ring is 73.2(3)degrees [in B, the angle is 83.9(2)degrees]. For A, the tetrahydropyranyl ring adopts a half-chair conformation [for B, chair conformation]. The packing in the crystal is entirely due to van der Waals forces.     

STUDIEN ZUM VORGANG DER WASSERSTOFFÜBERTRAGUNG 511 RANEY-NICKEL ALS REAGENS ZUR HYDRIERENDEN ABSPALTUNG DES CHALKOGENATOMS AUS SCHWEFEL-, SELEN- UND TELLUR-VERBINDUNGEN

Abstract

Thioäther, Sulfoxide, Sulfone, organische Selenide und Telluride (R – Y – R': R, R', = Alkyl, Aryl, Y=S, SO, SO₂, Se, Te) werden an der Grenzfläche von Raney-Nickel hydrogenolysiert. Als Spaltprodukte entstehen die Verbindungen RH und R'H sowie eine Grenzflächenverbindung (Raney-Nickel-Y) (Y=S, Se, Te; S auch aus Sulfoxiden und Sulfonen. Letztere entbinden ebenfalls mit Mineralsäuren YH₂).

Die Größe und ‘Struktur’ der Oberfläche des Raney-Nickels entscheidet über die Hydrogenolysekapazität. Bei einer technischen Raney-Nickel-Probe liegt bei Diphenylsulfid die Sättigungsausbeute an Benzol bei 1,1 mmol/g Raney-Nickel. Die Sättigungskapazität hängt ab von der Struktur von R bzw. R' und dem Heteroatom Y. (Auch Benzylether können–wenn auch langsamer als Thioether–zu Toluol aufgespalten werden). Auf Grund bekannter Daten werden Vorstellungen entwickelt, die ein Bild über den topochemischen Verlauf der Hydrogenolyse von R–Y–R' vermitteln sollen.

Vergiftetes Raney-Nickel ist im Gegensatz zum aktivierten Raney-Nickel nicht mehr oder nur stark vermindert zur Isomerisierung, Disproportionierung und zum H-D-Austausch befähigt. Bei diesen Prozessen spielt offenbar der im Nickel strukturgebundene Wasserstoff eine wichtige Rolle.

Some thioethers, sulphoxides, sulphones, organoselenium and tellurium compounds (R–Y–R' R, R'= Alkyl, Aryl, Y?S, SO, SO₂, Se, Te) have been reductively cleaved on the surface of Raney-nickel. The products comprise RH and R'H, and a surface bound material (Raney-nickel-Y) (Y?S, also from sulphoxides and sulphones, Se, Te. The latter may be released as YH₂ on treatment with mineral acids).

The area and ‘structure’ of the surface determines the hydrogenolysis capacity of the catalyst. For technical quality Raney-nickel, the limiting yield of benzene from diphenylsulphide is 1.1 mmol/g. The limiting yield is dependent on the structure of R and R' and also the nature of Y. (Benzyl ethers may also be reduced to toluene, if somewhat slower than the corresponding thioether).

Proposal for the processes possibly involved at the surface during hydrogenolysis of R–Y–R' are put forward in the basis of consideration of the available experimental data.

Poisoned Raney-nickel (in contrast to the activated catalyst) is practically inactive as agent for isomerization, disproportionation, or H–D exchange, and hence surface bound hydrogen clearly plays an important role in these processes.     

Crystal and molecular structure of anhydroperforine

A complete x-ray structural investigation has been made of the alkaloid anhydroperforine. The crystals are rhombic: a=17.425(5) Å, b=8.166 Å, c=11.284(5) Å, z=4, space group P2₁2₁2₁ (diffractometer, 1000 reflections, MLS in the anisotropic approximation, R=0.11). The investigation has unambiguously demonstrated the conformation of the anhydroperforine molecule and has confirmed its structure. The lengths of the bonds and the values of the valence angles are the usual ones. The conformations of rings B and C are planar, ring D has a chair, and ring A, a distorted half-chair conformation.     

Z-Selective Preparation of β-Monosubstituted α,β-Unsaturated Amides Using Diphenylphosphonoacetamides

The Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction of diphenylphosphonoacetamides [(PhO) 2 P(O)CH 2 CONRR'] ( 2a : R, R' = CH 2 Ph; 2b : R = CH 2 Ph, R' = H; 2c : R = Me, R' = OMe) was examined. The reaction of 2a was found to be Z -selective for benzaldehyde with selectivities up to 94:6. Reagent 2b led to reasonable selectivity for both benzaldehyde (85:15) and 3-phenylpropionaldehyde (87:13), while 2c was somewhat effective only for the latter aldehyde (83:17).     

The Crystal and Molecular Structure of 3-Oxo-17β-acetoxy-Δ4-14α-methyl-8α, 9β, 10α, 13α-estrene

The crystal and molecular structure of 3-oxo-17β-acetoxy-Δ⁴-14α-methyl-8α, 9β, 10α, 13α-estrene, C₂₁H₃₀O₃, has been determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁, with the cell dimensions a = 12.093 Å, b = 19.667 Å, c = 7.746 Å; Z = 4. Intensity data were collected at room temperature with an automatic four-circle diffractometer. The structure was solved by direct methods and the parameters were refined by least-squares analysis. All the hydrogen atoms were included in the refinement. The final R value was 0.038 for 1413 observed reflections. The conformation of ring A is intermediate between a half-chair and a 1, 2-diplanar form. The hydrogens at C(9) and C(10) are anti, the B/C ring junction is trans, and rings B and C adopt chair conformations. Ring D is cis fused and is halfway between C₂ and C_s forms.     

Hydrogen migrations in mass spectrometry. III–Energetics of formation of [R′CO2H2]+ in the mass spectra of R′CO2R

The appearance potentials for the [R'CO₂H₂]⁺ ion produced in the fragmentation process \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$ \left[{{\rm R}^{\rm '} {\rm CO}_{\rm 2} {\rm R}} \right]_{}^{_.^ + } $\end{document} → [R'CO₂H₂]⁺+[R? 2H] have been measured using mono-energetic electron impact techniques for ethyl, n-propyl, and i-propyl formates and acetates. The results indicate that at the threshold the product ion has the protonated acid structure with the hydrogen on the carbonyl and not the hydroxyl group, and that the neutral product for the propyl esters is the allyl radical and not the cyclopropyl radical. For the propyl formates and acetates the appearance potential of the [R'CO₂H₂]⁺ ion is identical with the adiabatic ionization potential of the parent ester (measured by photoelectron spectroscopy) indicating that fragmentation occurs for ground state molecular ions. A two-step mechanism is proposed to rationalize the results.     

Synthesis of monohalogeno derivatives of closo-[B9H9]2-. Crystal structures of (Ph4P)2[1-XB9H8].CH3CN (X = Cl, Br, I)

By reaction of Na2[B9H9] with the appropriate N-halogenosuccinimide, the monohalogenated anion [1-XB9H8]2- (X = Cl, Br, or I) is formed. The X-ray diffraction analyses performed on single crystals of (Ph4P)2[1-XB9H8].CH3CN (X = Cl, Br, I) reveal that the tricapped trigonal prismatic geometry of the cluster is retained after substitution in the 1-position. Crystallographic data are as follows for (Ph4P)2[1-XB9H8].CH3CN. X = Cl, Br: monoclinic, space group P2(1), a = 10.7 A, b = 32.9 A, c = 13.8 A, beta = 96 degrees, Z = 4, R1 = 0.038 and R1 = 0.036, respectively. X = I: monoclinic, space group P2(1)/n, a = 10.5 A, b = 13.6 A, c = 33.4 A, beta = 94 degrees, Z = 4, R1 = 0.094. The compounds have been characterized by vibrational and 11B NMR spectroscopy as well.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 8-(2,3-Dimethoxyphenyl)-10,11,12,13-tetrahydro-9H-benzo [f] cyclohepta [c] quinoline

The title compound 8-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-10,11,12,13-tetrahydro-9H-benzo[f]-cyclohepta[c]quinoline(C26H25NO2,Mr=383.47) was synthesized and characterized by IR,1H NMR,13C NMR and elemental analysis.The crystal belongs to triclinic,space group P1 with a= 8.1490(16),b=9.2550(19),c=14.373(3) ,α=86.96(3),β=89.66(3),γ=70.32(3)°,Z=2,V=1019.2(4) 3,Dc=1.250 g·cm-3,μ(MoKα)=0.078 mm-1,F(000)=408,the final R=0.0555 and wR=0.1240 for 2228 observed reflections(Ⅰ > 2σ(Ⅰ)).X-ray analysis reveals that the seven-numbered ring is slightly similar to a six-numbered ring,forming the chair-like conformation.The four rings(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ) in the benzo[f]cyclohepta[c]quinoline moiety form a screw structure.