共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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套管井中的声传播涉及到波在柱状多层介质中的传播问题。通过数值计算对比了宽带相控线阵声源在套管井外均匀地层中产生的纵横波声场的指向性。结果表明,在任意胶结状况下,均可实现向套管井外地层定向辐射纵横波的技术;与地层中纵波的传播特征不同的是在主瓣偏转角方向横波幅度随着偏转角的增大逐渐增加,且在主瓣辐射方向的横波幅度受套管井胶结状况的影响较纵波小;采用玻璃钢套管代替钢套管,会进一步减弱地层声场受胶结状况的影响,这有利于实现在套管井外地层较大范围内的精确定向辐射声波的技术。 相似文献
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提出了一种可用于随钻声波测井的非对称的圆弧片状声源,旨在发展一种能够在钻井过程中精确确定反射体位置的三维反射声波远探测方法。研究了在复杂的井孔条件(钻铤偏心、各向异性和不规则井孔形状)下,该声源向地层中辐射的声场的特征,进一步分析了不同井况条件对三维随钻远探测声波测井的影响。数值模拟结果表明,在圆形井孔、钻铤居中条件下,无论快速地层还是慢速地层,圆弧片状声源均能够向地层中定向辐射声波信号,其辐射指向性图主瓣3 dB角宽窄,旁瓣级低,方位分辨率较高,适用于随钻三维反射成像测井;井壁粗糙程度、地层各向异性等因素对声场特征影响不大,说明该方法适用于粗糙井壁和各向异性地层情况;钻铤偏心和井壁一侧的破坏对辐射声场的影响较大。对本文的模型而言,在破坏深度小于3 cm或者偏心距离小于2 cm时,声场仍有较好的方位特征,该方法仍然适用。而当破坏深度大于6 cm,声场指向性图出现多个幅值较大的角瓣,可能无法利用其确定反射体的方位。本文的研究结果为三维随钻反射声波仪的设计和研发提供了必备的理论基础。 相似文献
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套管井中相控线阵声源激发的声场研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用相控线阵声源的动态声束偏转技术可大大增强套管井孔中有用模式波的幅度。通过实轴积分方法计算了相控线阵声源在多种胶结状况下的充液套管井中的声场,计算结果表明在Ⅰ、Ⅱ界面均胶结良好时随着相控线阵阵元间激励延迟时间的增加,地层滑行纵波和滑行横波的幅度逐渐增强,当相控线阵声源的声束偏转角先后等于地层第一临界角和第二临界角时可使滑行纵波和滑行横波幅度分别加强到最大;在Ⅰ(或Ⅱ)界面存在微环时,单个点声源激发的套管井全波波形中观测不到地层信息,当采用相控线阵声源做发射器时,通过选择相邻阵元间合适的激励延迟时间,可有效地增强地层滑行纵横波的幅度,同时还可较好的抑制套管波的能量。 相似文献
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利用实轴积分法对偶极子声源在径向厚度有限的模拟地层井孔中激发的声场进行了数值模拟,考察了不同声源、源距、模拟地层半径和最外层吸声介质对井内声场的影响。数值计算结果表明:对于偶极子声源,如果模拟地层为声速较低的泥岩,无论最外层吸声介质为流体还是固体,在源距为3.0~4.064 m时,模拟地层半径为1.2 m就能保证刻度井中的"初至波"不受模拟地层外边界的影响;若要使声波全波列的主要部分不受该界面的影响,则模拟地层的半径需要更大;如果模拟地层为声速很高的白云岩,最外层吸声材料宜使用声阻抗合适的固体介质,即使这样,模拟地层半径还需达到2.6 m。这些结果可为模块地层声速刻度井的构建提供理论参考。 相似文献
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为了探讨任意胶结状况下的套管井中均能直接并清晰的测量到地层信息的可行性,开展了套管井缩小模型的声波测井实验室物理模拟研究。实验测量了套管井不同胶结状况下相控线阵声源做发射器时的全波波形。通过对相控线阵声源不同偏转角时测量的全波波形分析表明,在Ⅰ、Ⅱ界面均胶结良好时随着相控线阵阵元间激励延迟时间的增加,当相控线阵声源的声束偏转角先后等于地层第一临界角和第二临界角时可使井孔中接收的地层滑行纵波和滑行横波幅度分别加强到最大;在套管井Ⅰ界面胶结差以及自由套管中,仍有效的探测到了地层的滑行纵波和横波信息。此实验结果验证了在任意胶结状况下的套管井中均能直接测量到地层信息的可行性,为开发新一代的套管井相控线阵声波测井仪奠定了实验基础。 相似文献
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声场的空间相关特性是声场的重要特征,对水下探测、水声通讯等各种设备在实际海洋环境中应用的参数选择具有重要意义,是水声工程技术研究的重要基础之一。相比于水中声源激发声场的相关特性研究,空气中声源的相关研究很少。本文推导了空气中声源激发水下声场的水平纵向相关的简正波表达式,并通过数值仿真分析,比较了声源分别位于空气中和水中时水下声场的水平纵向相关特性。对南海海域进行的一次悬挂汽笛空气声源、海底水平阵接收信号海上实验获得的数据进行分析,结果表明:空气中声源位于不同距离时,其发射的声信号激发水下声场的水平纵向相关均存在明显的起伏结构,基于本文提出的空气中声源激发水下声场的水平纵向相关系数的简正波表达式能够较好地解释该现象. 相似文献
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旋转机械产生的辐射声场具有循环平稳特性,传统的平面近场声全息技术无法准确反映其调制特性,往往在边频带上出现虚假的能量的分布. 采用循环谱密度取代功率谱密度作为重建物理量,则可准确提取循环平稳声场的调制和载波信息. 考虑到循环谱密度的计算量以及特征提取的准确性,提出了循环谱密度组合切片分析法,并分析了加性白噪声对重建的影响. 仿真分析及实验结果表明,此方法有较强的噪声抑制能力,全息重建的结果可准确反映声源的位置.
关键词:
循环平稳声场
近场声全息
噪声源定位 相似文献
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Ultrasonic guided wave focusing by a generalized phased array is studied based on dispersion curves in a multi-layered medium. The different phase of the guided waves with different frequency is added on the excitation signal on each element of the transducer array for focusing. This can be realized by designing a proper excitation pulse based on the dispersion curves of the guided waves for each of the transducer array elements. The numerical simulation results show that the guided waves with different modes, different frequency components, and from different elements of the transducer array can all be focused at the target and focusing is achieved. 相似文献
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相控阵横波检测必须在换能器前方加上楔块,对于楔块中的声场进行研究具有重要意义。本文通过数值计算和物理实验研究了超声相控阵楔块中的脉冲声场,分析并解释了超声相控阵系统自检成像过程中各种波形的产生机理和转换过程。首先从固体中超声传播理论出发,采用时域有限差分方法对相控阵楔块中各阵元独立发射条件下的脉冲声场进行仿真计算,给出了超声脉冲在楔块中的传播过程;然后开展了对应边界条件下相控阵楔块的B模式成像实验。数值模拟和物理实验的结果基本一致。本文的研究初步展示了楔块中的脉冲声场,其结果可为超声相控阵系统自检和楔块设计提供参考。 相似文献
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SHI Fangfang WU Xianmei KE Yijing ZHANG Bixing 《声学学报:英文版》2010,29(1):65-72
An Ultrasonic Phased Array (UPA) transducer is presented for borehole imaging and casing inspection in acoustical logging. First, a Cylindrical Linear Phased Array (CLPA), which is made up of numbers of piezoelectric elements distributed on the surface of a cylinder uniformly, is designed and fabricated. By transmitting and receiving acoustic waves using different groups of elements under the control of the electric system, the CLPA can gcan all area of the borehole wall dynamically and rapidly. Then the radiation and reflection acoustic fields of the CLPA are investigated theoretically in the casing borehole with defects. Finally, the experimental researches about ultrasonic scanning and imaging for the casing boreholes with defects have been conducted by the CLPA transducer. The experimental results consist well with the theoretical ones. 相似文献
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开展了界面条件下线型超声相控阵声场特性的研究.将带有楔块的超声相控阵问题合理简化为液固界面的情况进行讨论.根据射线声学理论,计算了单阵元在液固界面存在时的辐射声场,进而推导了聚焦法则,得到了超声线型阵在液固界面存在时的声场、位移场表达式.对安装在楔块上的相控阵换能器的辐射声场进行了仿真,并讨论了聚焦对换能器轴向和横向声场的影响,结果表明利用聚焦能提高分辨率和灵敏度,但聚焦区域之外声束性能更差,在实际检测中要合理利用聚焦.
关键词:
超声相控阵
界面
声场
聚焦 相似文献
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通过实验研究了声束偏转不同角度和声场半径变化时线性相控阵的声场特性,并与基于瞬态波位移解析解的相控阵声场计算方法得到的理论结果进行了对比。首先研究了基于半圆圆弧离面瞬态位移的声场计算方法,并进行了数值计算可靠性的优化。然后建立了一套相控阵瞬态波位移场的测量系统,以半圆形钢板为试件,纵波传感器为接收传感器,测量了偏转角度为-10°,-30°,-50°,-70°,及声场半径为50 mm,75 mm,100 mm和125 mm时线性超声相控阵的声束指向性;同时以基于瞬态波位移解析解的相控阵声场计算方法,计算了相同条件下该相控阵的声束指向性。最后将实验结果与理论结果进行了对比,取得了较好的一致。说明基于瞬态波位移的相控阵声场计算方法可以较好地计算线阵的声场,对于声束偏转较大角度和声场半径变化时也同样有效。 相似文献
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The method of integral transformations is used to obtain a long-wave solution to the problem of tube wave excitation by an external point source in an infinite fluid-filled borehole embedded in a transversely isotropic formation. The external field that occurs in the formation gives rise to waves in the borehole fluid. The waves generated in the borehole include the lowest mode of the Stoneley wave (tube wave), which is the borehole eigenmode, and the qP-and qSV-waves. It is shown that the Stoneley wave is determined by the contributions of two poles in the complex plane of horizontal slowness. According to the asymptotic solution, the Stoneley wave can be described by one of three different waveforms depending on the relationship between the elastic parameters of the surrounding anisotropic formation and the borehole fluid. An analysis of the results of calculations shows that the shape and polarity of the Stoneley wave strongly depend on the sign of the nonellipticity parameter of the elastic medium, which offers a possibility of estimating the anisotropy of the borehole environment from observations of the waveform of the Stoneley wave. 相似文献
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An approach of separating individual wave arrivals for a dipole logging is presented. The branch points are treated as a type
of logarithm and the Riemann surface structure of the multivalued function is studied, that is, the displacement potential
within the borehole. Based on the theoretical analysis, the complex poles contributing to the wave field on various Riemann
sheets are investigated in detail for the case of a fast formation. It is shown that poles on Riemann sheet (0,0) are real
and form branches of modes with dispersion. Mathematically, it is demonstrated that the flexural mode has no cutoff frequency,
which is different from the traditional point of view. Poles on other relevant Riemann sheets are complex and form many branches
on the complex frequency-wavenumber plane. Further investigation on the pole and branch cut contributions indicates that the
vertical branch cut integration method has limitations in separating wave arrivals. By properly taking into account the complex
poles on various Riemann sheets together with branch cut integrations, wave arrivals are separated from the full waveforms
effectively for both the fast and slow formation models. Specially, there are complex poles on Riemann sheet (0,−1) in the
vicinity of the compressional branch cut for a slow formation with a large Poisson’s ratio, which have small imaginary parts
and contribute a lot to the p-wave arrival.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10534040) 相似文献