溶剂热合成的Cu掺杂ZnCdS量子点的发光性质研究

以低毒、廉价的环己烷为溶剂,通过调控杂质离子和基质材料阳离子的相对反应活性,合成了发光颜色可调、近似球形的Cu∶Zn Cd S量子点。系统研究了油胺的用量、Cu掺杂量、Cd/Zn比以及不同的Zn前驱体对量子点发光性质的影响。通过在Cu∶Zn Cd S量子点晶核外层包覆宽带隙Zn S材料,进一步消除了粒子的表面缺陷,有效提高了量子点的发光效率。     

Mn2+掺杂ZnSe量子点的制备及表征

利用水相合成法,以Zn(Ac)2、NaBH4、Na2SeO3、Na2S、Mn(Ac)2为原料,N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸为稳定剂,合成了Mn2+掺杂的ZnSe∶Mn量子点。研究了稳定剂与量子点(Zn2+)配比、Mn2+离子掺杂浓度、老化温度以及老化时间对ZnSe∶Mn量子点发光性能的影响,并对所得量子点固体粉末进行了XRD与IR表征与分析。结果表明该方法是一种简便、快捷且环境友好的合成方法。     

Zn_(0.15)Cd_(0.85)S量子点复合材料的合成及其对Cu~(2+)的超灵敏测定

合成了高质量的半胱氨酸修饰Zn0.15Cd0.85S量子点复合材料.利用Cu2+对量子点荧光的猝灭作用,实现了Cu2+的定量检测.所合成的Zn0.15Cd0.85S量子点对其他常见的金属离子几乎没有响应,表明该方法具有较好的选择性.在优化条件下,Zn0.15Cd0.85S量子点荧光的猝灭程度与Cu2+浓度呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为6.0nM～1.0μM,检出限为1.0nM.对0.5μM标准溶液平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为2.0%.利用标准加入法对水样中Cu2+含量进行了测定,结果令人满意.     

共价固定CdTe/CdS/ZnS量子点构建1-羟基芘电化学发光传感器

本文以乙二胺为连接分子,将水溶性Cd Te/Cd S/Zn S量子点通过共价作用键合在对氨基苯甲酸修饰的玻碳电极上,构建一种1-羟基芘的新型量子点电化学发光传感方法.通过循环伏安、电化学阻抗和电致化学发光等方法考察了该传感器对1-羟基芘的检测性能.结果表明,在200～800 nmol/L范围内,发光相对强度I/I_0与1-羟基芘浓度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为133.5 nmol/L (S/N=3),在尿液实际样品检测中,回收率为83.9%～104.7%,检测结果与高效液相色谱(HPLC)结果相符合,具有一定的实际应用价值.     

多路发光CdxZn1-xSe量子点的制备及防伪功能设计

采用化学输运法制备了一系列CdxZn1-xSe合金量子点。通过对量子点的调控,改变量子点中Cd与Zn的组分,可有效地调控合金量子点的吸收带边,同时可以在524―627nm之间实现对CdxZn1-xSe合金量子点发射峰位的连续调控。并且利用量子点的可调色性,讨论了基于基于CdxZn1-xSe量子点多路发光的安全识别设计原理,认为这种新型的隐形防伪技术将有望应用于超市标签,安全系统和护照等领域。     

静电纺丝法制备的CdS/ZnS/ZnO三元异质结纳米纤维无助催化剂下的光催化产氢性能（英文）

近年来,由三种半导体组成的三元异质结由于其在促进光生电子和空穴的分离和转移方面的优势而备受关注.在本研究中,我们首先通过静电纺丝技术制备了Zn O纳米纤维,然后对其进行原位硫化,Zn O纳米纤维的表层被硫化成Zn S,得到Zn S/Zn O二元异质结纳米纤维,最后采用连续离子层吸附反应法在Zn S/Zn O纳米纤维上沉积Cd S量子点,得到Cd S/Zn S/Zn O(CZZ)三元异质结纳米纤维.我们对硫化过程中使用的硫化剂(硫脲)的浓度和离子层吸附沉积Cd S的次数进行调节,以优化CZZ三元异质结纳米纤维的产氢性能,经优化后的CZZ三元异质结纳米纤维在没有助催化剂的情况下产氢速率达到51.45 mmol h^–1 g^–1(420 nm处的表观量子效率达到26.88%),是相同情况下氧化锌纳米纤维的93.54倍,Zn S/Zn O二元异质结纳米纤维的2.28倍.加入贵金属Pt作助催化剂后,其产氢速率进一步提高至118.62 mmol h^–1 g^–1.为了突出一维纳米纤维对光催化产氢性能的贡献,我们采用...     

CdS量子点的一步法合成及量子产率

以油酸为配体,十八烯为溶剂,采用一步法合成了CdS量子点,研究了反应温度、反应时间和Cd/S的摩尔比对量子点光谱性能的影响.X射线衍射(XRD)和高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)测试结果表明,所获得的CdS量子点为立方闪锌矿结构,且尺寸分布均一,结晶度高,其较强的带边发光、尖锐的紫外吸收峰以及狭窄的荧光发射峰进一步表明量子...     

硫脲修饰Cd掺杂ZnO水溶性量子点的制备及表征

在非水稀溶液中以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K-30为稳定剂,硫脲为表面修饰剂,制备Cd掺杂ZnO水溶性量子点荧光体;同时研究了基质的优化及硫脲含量对ZnO量子点发光性能的影响,Eu和Li的共掺杂对ZnO:Cd量子点发光性能的影响.采用紫外光谱、荧光发射光谱、红外光谱和透射电镜、XRD对样品进行表征.结果表明:经Cd优化基质后、Eu和Li的共掺杂使量子点荧光强度明显增强;硫脲修饰后纳米颗粒分布更加均匀、晶粒更小、荧光光谱蓝移、量子点产率增加;该样品XRD衍射峰是馒头峰.属于无定形态;红外光谱图中因硫脲引起的NH2和C-NH2伸缩振动吸收峰分别为3189.0,1088.2 cm-1,硫脲修饰的最佳浓度大约为32 mg/mL.该量子点制备方法简单易行,具有较好的稳定性及高荧光量子效率,为进一步应用于生物标记奠定基础.     

近红外发光Ag2S-CdS 核壳结构水溶性量子点的合成及光学性质

本文以谷胱甘肽(GSH)作为表面活性剂,采用两步法,先生成Ag2S核,再生长CdS,得到了高质量的Ag2S-CdS核壳结构水溶性量子点。我们用XRD,TEM,HRTEM和EDS研究了产物的结构,形貌和组分,用紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱研究了所得量子点的光学性质,同时考察了反应时间,GSH的量,Ag和S源前驱物的含量对量子点光学性质的影响。实验结果表明量子点稳定性好,荧光寿命长,可在710~718 nm近红外区域发光。在核生长过程中,Ag和S源的含量同时影响量子点的发光位置和强度,而GSH量和壳层生长中S源的量几乎只影响近红外发光强度,发光位置保持不变。不同的量子点光学性质可能来源于量子点中组分及表面缺陷的分布。     

Zn_xCd_(1-x)S纳米线的可控合成及其可调的光学性质（英文）

采用简单的气相沉积法,合成了不同组成的Znx Cd1-x S(0x1)纳米线.利用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和电子能谱研究了所制得的纳米线的表面形貌和组成.该方法以Au为催化剂,简单控制起始物质的相对用量和沉积温度,可以获得可控的Zn/Cd比例.X射线衍射结果表明所制得的Znx Cd1-x S纳米线具有纤维锌矿的单晶结构.根据制得纳米线的表面形貌讨论了纳米线可能的生长机理为"底部生长"机理.利用拉曼光谱和光致发光光谱研究了Znx Cd1-x S纳米线的光学性质,其纵向光学(LO)声子的拉曼位移频率随着组成的变化在ZnS和CdS的拉曼位移频率之间连续变化.光致发光光谱中同时存在带边发光和缺陷发光.Znx Cd1-x S纳米线的带间跃迁的频率可随着组成的调节而调节,纳米线的禁带宽度介于ZnS(3.63 eV)和CdS(2.41 eV)的禁带宽度之间.     

Reverse micelle-derived Cu-doped Zn1−xCdxS quantum dots and their core/shell structure

Reverse micelle chemistry-derived Cu-doped Zn_1?xCd_xS quantum dots (QDs) with the composition (x) of 0, 0.5, 1 are reported. The Cu emission was found to be dependent on the host composition of QDs. While a dim green/orange emission was observed from ZnS:Cu QDs, a relatively strong red emission could be obtained from CdS:Cu and Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S:Cu QDs. Luminescent properties of undoped QDs versus Cu-doped ones and quantum yields of alloyed ZnCdS versus CdS QDs are compared and discussed. To enhance Cu-related red emission of CdS:Cu and Zn_0.5Cd_0.5S:Cu core QDs, core/shell structured QDs with a wider band gap of ZnS shell are also demonstrated.     

Solvothermal synthesis of InP quantum dots and their enhanced luminescent efficiency by post-synthetic treatments

InP quantum dots (QDs) were solvothermally synthesized by using a greener phosphorus source of P(N(CH(3))(2))(3) instead of highly toxic P(TMS)(3) widely used, and subsequently subjected to a size-sorting processing. While as-grown QDs showed an undetectably low emission intensity, post-synthetic treatments such as photo-etching, photo-radiation, and photo-assisted ZnS shell coating gave rise to a substantial increase in emission efficiency due to the effective removal and passivation of surface states. The emission efficiency of the photo-etched QDs was further enhanced by a consecutive UV photo-radiation, attributable to the photo-oxidation at QD surface. Furthermore, a relatively thick ZnS shell on the surface of InP QDs that were surface-modified with hydrophilic ligands beforehand was photochemically generated in an aqueous solution at room temperature. The resulting InP/ZnS core/shell QDs, emitting from blue to red wavelengths, were more efficient than the above photo-treated InP QDs, and their luminescent properties (emission bandwidth and quantum yield) were comparable to those of InP QDs synthesized with P(TMS)(3). Structural, size, and compositional analyses on InP/ZnS QDs were also conducted to elucidate their core/shell structure.     

Surface-plasmon-coupled emission of quantum dots

We studied surface plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). These QDs are water-soluble ZnS-capped CdSe nanoparticles stabilized using lysine cross-linked mercaptoundecanoic acid. The QDs were spin-coated from 0.75% PVA solution on a glass slide covered with 50 nm of silver and a 5-nm protective SiO(2) layer. Excited QDs induced surface plasmons in a thin silver layer. Surface plasmons emitted a hollow cone of radiation into an attached hemispherical glass prism at a narrow angle of 48.5 degrees. This directional radiation (SPCE) preserves the spectral properties of QD emission and is highly p-polarized irrespective of the excitation polarization. The SPCE spectrum depends on the observation angle because of the intrinsic dispersive properties of SPCE phenomenon. The remarkable photostability can make QDs superior to organic fluorophores when long exposure to the intense excitation is needed. The nanosize QDs also introduce a roughness near the metal layer, which results in a many-fold increase of the coupling of the incident light to the surface plasmons. This scattered incident illumination transformed into directional, polarized radiation can be used simultaneously with SPCE to develop devices based on both quantum dot emission and light scattered from surface plasmons on a rough surface.     

Control of the optical properties of quantum dots by surface coating with calix[n]arene carboxylic acids

A new method for the control of the optical properties of quantum dots (QDs) has been developed using calix[n]arene carboxylic acids (1-3) as surface coating agents for QDs. The calixarene coating of CdSe/ZnS QDs was easily performed in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature. Deprotonation of the carboxyl groups of the calixarene derivatives surrounding the QDs resulted in highly fluorescent water-soluble QDs. The emission peak of the calixarene-coated QDs shifted to longer wavelengths depending on the oligomer size of the calix[n]arene derivative used for the surface coating. Although the red shift of the emission peak decreases with the increase in the particle size of QDs, this surface coating method is useful for the preparation of multi-colored water-soluble QDs from a single-colored hydrophobic QD.     

Controllable Blinking‐to‐Nonblinking Behavior of Aqueous CdTeS Alloyed Quantum Dots

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) are very important optical nanomaterials with a wide range of potential applications. However, the blinking of single QDs is an intrinsic drawback for some biological and photoelectric applications based on single‐dot emission. In this work, we systematically investigated the effects of certain synthetic conditions on the blinking behavior of aqueous CdTeS alloyed QDs, and observed that blinking behaviors of QDs were able to be controlled by the structure and concentration of the thiol compounds that were used as surface ligands. In optimal conditions, completely nonblinking QDs were prepared using certain thiol ligands as stabilizers in aqueous phase. The suppressed blinking mechanism was mainly attributed to elimination of QDs surface traps by coordination of thiol ligands with vacant Cd atoms, formation of appropriate CdS coating on QDs, and controlling the growth dynamics of QDs. Nonblinking QDs show high quantum yield, small size, and good solubility, and will be applied to some fields that were previously limited by blinking of traditional QDs.     

Water-based route to colloidal Mn-doped ZnSe and core/shell ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots

Relatively monodisperse and highly luminescent Mn(2+)-doped zinc blende ZnSe nanocrystals were synthesized in aqueous solution at 100 °C using the nucleation-doping strategy. The effects of the experimental conditions and of the ligand on the synthesis of nanocrystals were investigated systematically. It was found that there were significant effects of molar ratio of precursors and heating time on the optical properties of ZnSe:Mn nanocrystals. Using 3-mercaptopropionic acid as capping ligand afforded 3.1 nm wide ZnSe:Mn quantum dots (QDs) with very low surface defect density and which exhibited the Mn(2+)-related orange luminescence. The post-preparative introduction of a ZnS shell at the surface of the Mn(2+)-doped ZnSe QDs improved their photoluminescence properties, resulting in stronger emission. A 2.5-fold increase in photoluminescence quantum yield (from 3.5 to 9%) and of Mn(2+) ion emission lifetime (from 0.62 to 1.39 ms) have been observed after surface passivation. The size and the structure of these QDs were also corroborated by using transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction.     

Measurement of interfacial toughness of metal film wire and polymer membrane through electricity induced buckling method

Non-toxic, environment-benign colloidal CuInS(2) (CIS) quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized through a facile noninjection, one-pot approach by reacting Cu and In precursors with dodecanethiol dissolved in 1-octadecence at 220 °C. The Cu:In precursor molar ratio was varied from 1:1 to 1:4 to intentionally generate Cu-deficient CIS QDs. Depending on the stoichiometry of the QDs, their emission peak wavelengths were tuned in red-deep red region. More Cu-deficient CIS QDs (Cu:In=1:4) were found to be more efficient than ones with Cu:In=1:1. After successive ZnS shell was overgrown on the surface of core QDs with Cu:In=1:4, the resulting core/shell QDs exhibited a highly efficient yellow emission with a quantum yield of ~50%. A substantially blue-shifted emission from the core/shell QDs versus core ones was described by suggesting an alternative recombination pathway that may be induced by the ZnS shell coating.     

Compact cysteine-coated CdSe(ZnCdS) quantum dots for in vivo applications

We have developed a versatile nanoparticle construct using a compact cysteine coating on a CdSe(ZnCdS) core(shell) nanocrystal (QD-Cys) that is biologically compatible, exceptionally compact, highly fluorescent, and easily functionalized. The small hydrodynamic diameter of QD-Cys ( approximately 6 nm) allows for renal clearance of these nanoparticles in rat models. Moreover, the ability to directly conjugate to QD-Cys opens up the possibility of functionalized nanocrystals for in vivo targeted imaging, in which small targeting molecules can be appended to QD-Cys, and unbound QDs can be rapidly cleared to achieve high signal/noise ratios and to reduce background toxicity.     

表面配体对CdSe量子点发光性质的影响

本文采用热注入法合成了以油胺/油酸为表面配体的、粒径均一的CdSe量子点(CdSe QDs)。调节表面配体交换中辛硫醇与CdSe QDs的比例,研究了表面配体对CdSe QDs光致发光及电致化学发光性质的影响,并提出了CdSe QDs的发光模型。结果表明,辛硫醇表面配体显著影响CdSe QDs的带边发射和深能级陷阱发射,因而导致CdSe QDs光致发光强度的显著降低,以及电致化学发光强度的增加。上述结果为进一步提高量子点的发光性能提供了依据。