PML-FDTD法在分析负折射率材料中的应用

将时域有限差分(FDTD)法引入了对负折射率材料物理现象的仿真研究.给出了二维TM波在负折射率材料中的时域差分方程,并且在吸收边界处使用了理想匹配层(PML).为了避免在迭代过程中出现的不稳定现象,在差分方程的推导中引入了Drude模型, 并对Pendry提出的由负折射率材料构成的平板透镜具有的完美成像现象进行了数值仿真验证.由仿真结果发现,完美成像现象只在平板透镜的折射率n=－1时出现,当n≠－1时则会出现近轴聚焦效应.     

Magnetic Properties of Ferromagnetic Double Layers with Ferrimagnetic Interlayer Coupling at Zero Temperature

Spin-wave theory is used to study magnetic properties of ferromagnetic double layers with a ferrimagnetic interlayer coupling at zero temperature. The spin-wave spectra and four sublattices magnetizations and internal energy are calculated by employing retarded Green function technique. The sublattice magnetizations at ground state are smaller than their classical values, owing to the zero-point quantum fluctuations of the spins.     

含左手材料异质结构光子晶体的零平均折射率带隙的展宽

运用光学传输矩阵理论,研究了含左手材料一维二元光子晶体的禁带特性.提出了含左手材料的光子晶体异质结构中零平均折射率带隙展宽的方法.根据此方法设计的异质结构的光子晶体形成的零平均折射率带隙,与一维光子晶体零平均折射率带隙相比,零平均折射率带隙的宽度和相对带隙宽度可以得到显著的拓宽.而且它的零平均折射率带隙的边缘与TM波和TE波相关.这种特性在微型谐振腔、天线基片、同轴波导等方面都具有潜在的应用.     

Manipulating Chladni Patterns of Ferromagnetic Materials by an External Magnetic Field

Ernst Chladni is called the father of acoustics for his work, which includes investigating patterns formed by vibrating plates. Understanding these patterns helps research involving standing waves and other harmonic behaviors, including studies of single electron orbits in atoms. Our experiment vibrates circular plates which result in well-known patterns. Alternatively to traditional experiments that used sand or salt, we use magnetic materials, namely iron filings and nickel powder. We then manipulate the patterns by applying a localized external magnetic field to one of the rings that moves a segment of the magnetic material in that ring to the next inner ring. The results show a significant decrease in magnetic field necessary to move the magnetic material at higher frequencies as well as a significant decrease in the magnetic field required to move the magnetic material as nickel powder is substituted for iron filings while keeping the mass constant.     

含负折射率介质非线性Bragg腔的双稳态特性

研究了含负折射率介质一维光子晶体非线性Bragg腔的透射特性、光学增强和双稳态特性.对负折射率介质无色散和有色散非线性Bragg腔及由两种正折射率介质构成的非线性Bragg腔的透射谱、光学增强、缺陷模的线宽、入射光的红移量、双稳态开关阈值进行了比较.含负折射率介质的非线性Bragg腔可显著增大腔内光学增强效应,降低缺陷模的线宽、入射光的红移量和双稳态开关阈值.     

负折射率材料透镜的消色差

以工作在近红外波段0.848 μm～1.114μm,焦距100 mm,入瞳直径20 mm,具有负阿贝数的负折射率平凹透镜为例,介绍了两种对该类负折射率透镜的消色差设计方法,即利用正折射率材料透镜与负折射率材料透镜组合消色差和负折射率透镜中引入衍射光学元件实现折衍射混合透镜消色差方法.结果表明,正负折射率材料透镜组合消色差方法中正折射率材料透镜承担几乎全部光焦度,进而引入大量额外单色像差,但利用衍射光学元件可以在不引入额外像差的同时实现负折射率透镜的消色差.根据负折射率材料在介质与空气分界面的特殊折射特性,推导了以负折射率为基底的衍射光学元件的衍射效率公式,得到衍射微结构高度公式,求出不同波长处的衍射效率值.负折射率二元衍射光学元件在设计波长0.912 μm处衍射效率为40.53％,在波长0.848 μm处的衍射效率为35.06％,在波长1.114 μm处的衍射效率值为39.83％.     

磁性液体薄膜的折射率在外加磁场作用下的变化特性研究

用两块玻璃夹持一层几个μm厚的磁性液体薄膜.将这一磁性液体薄膜垂直放置于由亥姆霍兹线圈建立的均匀磁场中.在迈克尔孙干涉仪上用对比测量法测量在不同外加磁场强度作用下磁性液体薄膜的折射率.实验发现, 磁性液体薄膜的折射率随外加磁场强度的变化而变化.结合实验研究, 提出了外加磁场改变了磁性液体颗粒链的大小, 改变了磁性颗粒链的大小和入射光波波长的比值, 从而改变了磁性液体的折射率的设想.初步建立起了磁性液体薄膜的折射率和外加磁场强度之间的关联式.为磁场测量、光学阀门等新型磁光器件的开发提供了新的技术.     

介质层厚对含负折射率介质Bragg微腔的影响

研究了介质层厚对含负折射率介质一维光子晶体Bragg微腔的缺陷模和双稳态的影响.在中心频率附近将传输矩阵各矩阵元采用泰勒级数展开并取一级近似,得到了缺陷模频率与介质层厚的关系式及品质因子公式.研究结果表明：一级近似法能很好地解释中心频率附近介质层厚对缺陷模频率的影响.理想Bragg微腔结构的缺陷模品质因子最大;递增正折射率介质层厚和增大缺陷层介质层厚、递减负折射率介质层厚及同时等量递减正和负折射率介质层厚,均可使缺陷模红移,双稳态阈值降低.     

Zero Refractive Index Properties of Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals with Dirac Cones

The zero refractive index properties of two-dimensional photonic crystals(PCs) are studied theoretically. Three necessary conditions for PCs to mimic the zero index materials(ZIMs) are obtained. In addition, through a comparative study of the properties for two representative PC structures with different types of Dirac cones, we find that the PC with a Dirac-like cone which meets the three necessary conditions does not behave as a ZIM in some cases. Further analysis shows that its non-zero index properties originate from the flat dispersion band.These findings clarify the fundamental physical issue of which type of Dirac cone PC can mimic a real ZIM.     

"Negative" Hartman Effect in One-dimentional Photonic Crystals with Negative Refractive Materials

The Hartman effect inside the one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCS) composed of negative index materials (NIMS) is always and is reversed to the Hartman effect inside the 1DPCS composed of positive index materials (PIMs).By calculating the phases of Fourier components of a pulse accumulated inside the 1DPCs of NIMs and the evolution of the pulse inside the 1DPCs of NIMs, the origin of the negative phase time is explained.The evolution of the electromagnetic fields inside the 1DPCs of NIMs is time reversal with conjugate to that inside the 1DPCs of PIMs for real spectral pulses.     

晶格常数对左手材料的能量透射率及负折射率的影响

研究晶格常数对左手材料的能量透射率、负折射率以及品质因素(FOM)的影响.结果表明,随着晶格常数的减小,左手材料的低阶透射峰出现异常增大,其物理机制为阻抗匹配;左手材料的负折射的中心频率随着晶格常数的减小而蓝移,与理论结果基本一致;晶格常数对左手材料的FOM有重要的影响,当晶格常数减小到一定值时,可以实现完美阻抗匹配,从而得到较高的FOM.     

Negative Refractive Index in a Four-Level Atomic System

We propose a scheme for realizing negative refractive index in a four-level atomic system. It is shown that such a system can simultaneously exhibit negative permittivity and negative permeability in an optical frequency range. Furthermore, by analysing the dispersion property of the left-handed material, we lind that the probe beam can be controlled from superluminal to subluminal or vice versa via choosing appropriate parameters.     

A Nonlinear Theoretical Model of Magnetization and Magnetostriction for Ferromagnetic Materials under Applied Stress and Magnetic Fields

A thermodynamic and micro-statistical model is proposed to explain the magnetization and magnetostriction mechanisms for isotropic ferromagnetic materials. Here a nonlinear magnetostrictive expression enhances the characterization of the nonlinear magnetic-mechanical effect, and the Brillouin function makes it possible to describe the relationship between the equivalent field and magnetization for various types of materials. Through detailed comparisons with the recent models of Wu et al. [Appl....     

含负折射率缺陷的一维光子晶体的杂质带

利用传输矩阵方法研究了含负折射率缺陷的一维光子晶体的透射谱.以19个周期的1/4波堆存在3个负折射率缺陷的光子晶体为例进行了数值计算.结果表明:如果改变缺陷的折射率,缺陷模之间的耦合作用将发生改变,带隙中形成的杂质带也随之改变; 当这个折射率取适当值时,在禁带中出现多个尖锐的透射峰,与正折射率缺陷构成的杂质带不同.     

含有负折射率介质层的布喇格镜的光学特性研究

从电磁场理论推导了光波在负折射率介质薄层中的传输矩阵,对由正、负折射率介质构成的全介质布喇格反射镜的反射带宽和角度特性进行了分析和讨论,与普通的均由正折射率介质构成的布喇格反射镜的相应特性做了对比,并根据薄膜理论对研究结果作了解释.结果表明含有负折射率介质的布喇格全反射镜的反射带宽和角度特性均优于普通由正折射率介质构成的布喇格镜.     

含负折射率缺陷的一维光子晶体的杂质带

利用传输矩阵方法研究了含负折射率缺陷的一维光子晶体的透射谱.以19个周期的1/4波堆存在3个负折射率缺陷的光子晶体为例进行了数值计算.结果表明:如果改变缺陷的折射率,缺陷模之间的耦合作用将发生改变,带隙中形成的杂质带也随之改变; 当这个折射率取适当值时,在禁带中出现多个尖锐的透射峰,与正折射率缺陷构成的杂质带不同.     

带铁磁屏蔽的高场磁体系统磁场计算与优化设计

In this paper, an optimization design method for high field superconducting magnet with ferromagnetic shield is discussed. Firstly, the analytical formula for calculating the magnetic field at any space point is derived based on the equivalent magnetic charge model. Then the validity and accuracy of the formula are discussed by comparing the results with that of the finite element method (FEM)for the same model. Finally, a joint optimization of MRI magnet system with ferromagnetic shielding is carried out in order to improve the homogeneity of magnetic field in the DSV(diameter of spherical volume)region and enhance the field intensity in the center.