发射光谱法测量常压介质阻挡放电氩等离子体的放电参数

介绍发射光谱法测量常压介质阻挡氩等离子体的放电参数的方法,通过常压介质阻挡放电氩等离子体的光谱图,测量和计算了等离子体的电子温度和电子浓度.     

光源参数及大气湍流对电磁光束传输偏振特性的影响

根据光束扩展理论,以部分相干的电磁高斯-谢尔光束为研究对象,分析了电磁光束传输时其偏振特性的变化机理.结果表明,光源参数和大气湍流对电磁光束分量扩展的影响是导致传输过程中电磁光束偏振特性变化的原因.在真空中传输时,电磁光束两分量的相干性存在差异,导致传输时电磁光束两分量扩展快慢不同,从而引起传输路径上光束谱偏振度的变化.在大气湍流中,电磁光束两分量扩展的快慢与光源参数和大气湍流强度均有关,当传输路径较短时,电磁光束偏振变化主要与光源参数有关,变化特性与在真空中传输时的情况类似,而传输距离较远时,电磁光束偏振变化受大气湍流的影响明显,变化特性与在真空中传输时的情形存在不同.     

椭圆偏振光参量的测定

描述光波偏振态有多种方法,使用斯托克斯参量来表示单色波偏振态是其常用的一种。实验是在主轴坐标系中进行的,在直角坐标系和主轴坐标系中斯托克斯参量的表示是不相同的,可用一定的关系进行转换。通过实验测量斯托克斯参量,求出椭圆偏振光参量。实验结果与理论计算值相符合。     

Effect of surface roughness on determination of bulk tissue optical parameters

Monte Carlo simulations have been conducted to investigate the effect of surface roughness on the inverse determination of bulk optical parameters. Results show that mus, mua, and g can be overestimated by an order of magnitude for thin slab tissue samples with a moderate index mismatch at the interfaces if typical surface roughness is neglected. Measurements of Intralipid samples between glass windows with smooth and rough surfaces have been carried out and agreement was found between the numerical and the experimental data. This study suggests that the surface roughness should be taken into account for both in vitro and in vivo determination of bulk tissue optical parameters.     

通道调制型偏振成像系统的偏振参量重建

通道调制型偏振成像系统中,焦平面上获取的信息需要通过目标偏振参量的重建才能有效提取,因而重建是目标识别、材料分析、生物医疗等技术进一步应用的前提.为了实现在非理想情况下通道调制型偏振成像系统的偏振参量精确重建,需要解决成像系统中电荷耦合器件(CCD)采样频率与频谱位置偏移对重建的影响.本文首先详细分析了频谱不发生混叠的条件:CCD采样频率应至少为4倍基频;在偏振干涉频谱位置偏移时,使用最大频谱法确定各个偏振态的载波频率,通过频移、滤波和傅里叶变换获得目标的偏振重建二维图像;最后通过计算机模拟仿真与实验分析结合的方法验证该重建方案的可行性与有效性.模拟与实验结果表明:改进后的偏振重建法得到的偏振图像与原始输入图像的均方差在0.001以下,峰值信噪比有明显的提高,且结构相似度可达到0.9以上,表明该方法获得的二维偏振态重建图像精度高,与理论偏振解调法相比具有很大的优越性.该工作希望为后续偏振探测与分析进一步的研究提供参考.     

An optical interpretation of polarization parameters

We stress the simplicity of the language of optics in discussing experiments with polarized beams and/or polarized targets, and present a semi-classical model which permits simple calculations of polarization and spin-correlation parameters for general spins. The assumptions that nucleons interact primarily diffractively, and that the only spin dependence of the interaction arises from a weak spin-orbit force, leads us to a simple model for all the nucleon polarization and spin-correlation parameters which is consistent with the available data. A number of predictions are given for future experiments, and possible test of the model are noted. The relation between the s-channel optical language and the t-channel exchange language is also discussed. It is shown that several features of the Regge exchange picture (suppression of unnatural parity exchanges, approximate factorization of the amplitude, and the presence of weak cuts) are natural consequences of the model.     

Influence of barrier parameters on tunneling in ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet contacts

The contribution of electrons moving at large angles to the barrier junction plane to the tunnel current is calculated. This contribution turns out to be small only if the Fermi energy of the electrons equals several electron volts. Otherwise, specifically, when the Fermi energy is no higher than 1–2 eV, this contribution dominates in high and thin potential barriers. It is found that the tunnel magnetic resistance in ferromagnet-insulator-ferromagnet contacts correlates with this contribution. It is this correlation that is responsible for a decrease in this contribution as the potential barriers get lower and thicker.     

Performance parameters for focusing of radial polarization

Performance parameters are presented for high-aperture radially polarized focusing systems. These can be used for comparing the focusing performance of different optical systems, including the effect of pupil filters.     

利用斯托克斯参量验证偏振光

利用斯托克斯参量表示入射光的偏振特性,给出了斯托克斯各参量测量方法与计算原理,通过实验和关系转换,进而可更直观地判断光的偏振态.     

On the effect of spontaneous polarization on the height of the Schottky barrier at the metal-ferroelectric contact

A comparison of the available concepts on the effect of spontaneous polarization on the height of the Schottky barrier at the metal-ferroelectric contact with the corresponding experimental data has been used as a basis for setting up an alternative model of this phenomenon, which draws on the dependence of the electron work function of a ferroelectric on the magnitude and orientation of the spontaneous polarization vector.     

On the measurement of polarization parameters of optical radar signals

The polarization parameters of optical radar signals, which are characterized by parameters resulting from entropy of partially polarized light waves, are discussed. It is shown that the properties of the signal can be represented by a factor which is a ratio of entropies, and by two parameters of the polarization ellipse. The proposed method using quasilinearly polarized signals of He-Ne laser at 632.8 nm was applied to the investigations of a number of typical materials.On leave from the Technical University of Warsaw, Warsaw Poland under Exchange Agreement between Poland and Austria. The address of the author: ul. Wieluska, 18 m.24 01 240, Warszawa. Poland.     

正交偏振板对聚焦光斑偏振特性的影响

在间接驱动的惯性约束聚变（ICF）驱动器中,为控制靶腔入口及其附近光场的偏振特性及辐照均匀性,采用二维光谱角色散（2D-SSD）、随机相位板（RPP）和正交偏振板（OPCP）联用的束匀滑方案,数值模拟和理论分析了OPCP对焦面及离焦面处光场偏振特性以及强度均匀性的影响,并讨论了正交偏振板单元数的选取问题。结果表明,不同单元数正交偏振板对焦面及其附近光场偏振特性和强度均匀性的影响程度不同,且光场偏振特性对离焦并不敏感。此外,离焦会使强度均匀性变差,适当增加正交偏振板单元数可以在一定程度上减弱这种影响。     

On the linear dependence of 13C spin polarization parameters

The Jahn-Teller (J-T) effect in systems of four-fold symmetry is well known to differ from that in all other point groups with respect to the nature of the J-T active normal modes of vibration. The present report addresses some previously unnoticed features which are of intrinsic importance in recognizing and understanding the unique manifestations of quadrate symmetry in both the static and dynamic Jahn-Teller effects. We first consider the nature of the static J-T potential surfaces when coupling to and strains in two modes, b ₁ and b ₂, are included in the hamiltonian.

The second part of this paper is devoted to an examination of the dynamic J-T effect in four-fold systems. Utilizing both perturbation theory and numerical solution to the Schrödinger equation, we examine the spin-hamiltonian parameters for a metalloporphyrin ³ E_u triplet state and discuss some dynamical processes, including reorientation of the system between minima, spin-lattice relaxation, and the dependences of these phenomena on the nature and magnitude of the off-diagonal terms in the hamiltonian. There emerge from this analysis several signal differences between the Jahn-Teller effect for a doubly degenerate state in four-fold systems and in the more usual cubic or tetrahedral situation.     

正交偏振板对聚焦光斑偏振特性的影响

在间接驱动的惯性约束聚变(ICF)驱动器中,为控制靶腔入口及其附近光场的偏振特性及辐照均匀性,采用二维光谱角色散(2D-SSD)、随机相位板(RPP)和正交偏振板(OPCP)联用的束匀滑方案,数值模拟和理论分析了OPCP对焦面及离焦面处光场偏振特性以及强度均匀性的影响,并讨论了正交偏振板单元数的选取问题。结果表明,不同单元数正交偏振板对焦面及其附近光场偏振特性和强度均匀性的影响程度不同,且光场偏振特性对离焦并不敏感。此外,离焦会使强度均匀性变差,适当增加正交偏振板单元数可以在一定程度上减弱这种影响。     

Determining the polarization ellipse parameters of a multimode radiowave signal

A spectral-polarization method is proposed to determine the polarization-ellipse parameters of a radiowave signal in the wave front plane by analysis of three mutually orthogonal projections of the field vector. First, we calculate the complex Doppler spectra for the temporal variations of those projections. Then, these data are used to determine the polarization parameters of the electromagnetic wave for each spectral component. Formulas illustrating the proposed technique are presented, and the results of numerical simulation showing the possibility of practical implementation of the idea are given. Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Higher Aircraft Engineering Military School of Irkutsk, Irkutsk, Russia. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 324–332, April 1999.