新型环己烯酯基双子表面活性剂的合成及其性能

以4-环己烯-1,2-二甲酸二（N,N-二甲基胺基乙基）酯为原料,分别与溴代十二烷、溴代十四烷和溴代十六烷发生季铵化反应,合成了含环己烯酯基的双子阳离子表面活性剂3a、 3b和3c（3a和3b为新化合物）,收率55.8%、 62.6%和58.9%,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和HR MS(ESI)表征。研究了3a、 3b和3c的表面活性。结果表明：3种表面活性剂的Krafft点均低于0 ℃;乳化时间分别为310 s、 435 s和519 s; 3a起泡性最好,3种表面活性剂均具有良好的稳泡性。采用Gibbs 吸附方程计算了表面活性参数（Γ_max、 A_min和pc₂₀）及胶束形成的热力学参数（ΔG^θ_m、 ΔH^θ_m和ΔS^θ_m）。结果表明：3种表面活性剂的表面活性均较高,胶束形成为熵驱动的自发放热过程。     

双子表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性

在四丁基溴化铵催化下,正十二醇、正十四醇和正十六醇分别与环氧氯丙烷反应制得1-烷氧基-3-氯异丙醇(3a～3c);3与四甲基乙二胺反应制得双子阳离子表面活性剂4a-4c;4依次通过磺化与中和反应合成了双子两性离子表面活性剂1a～1c,其结构经IR确证.研究结果表明,1和4在室温(25℃)均具有较高的乳化能力;只是1相对...     

季铵盐双子表面活性剂的合成及其杀菌性能研究

以N,N,N',N'-四甲基乙二胺和溴代烷烃为原料合成了系列对称型季铵盐双子表面活性剂n-2-n(n=8,10,12,14),其结构经1H NMR表征.研究了n-2-n对油田污水中常见的硫酸盐还原菌(SRB),铁细菌(FB)和腐生菌(TGB)的杀菌性能.结果表明:与传统杀菌剂1227相比,n-2-n对SRB,FB和TG...     

杂双子表面活性剂的合成

α-溴代十四酸甲酯与对甲苯酚经W illiam son醚化、NBS溴化、季铵化、皂化得3个头基分别是羧酸盐和季铵盐的杂双子表面活性剂,其结构经1HNMR,IR和元素分析确认。     

双子表面活性剂及其抗菌性能

双子表面活性剂是一种具有两个亲水基团、两条疏水链和一个联接基团的新型表面活性剂。与传统的表面活性剂相比,双子表面活性剂具有较低的临界胶束浓度、较高的表面活性、高效降低水的表面张力和油/水界面张力以及良好的水溶性等特点。双子表面活性剂广泛应用于抑菌、灭菌、食品生产、消泡抑泡、药物缓释以及工业清洗等领域,对推动社会、经济、工业的进步有着非常重要的积极作用。本文简要概括了双子表面活性剂的发展,介绍了双子表面活性剂的活性和组装结构,对双子表面活性剂的分类、结构和特征进行了概括和总结。     

双子型阴离子表面活性剂的合成及浮选性能

分别以辛酰氯、癸酰氯、十二酰氯为原料,经加成、酰化及皂化等反应合成了3种双子型阴离子表面活性剂。产物结构经IR、1HNMR和13CNMR等波谱测试技术确定。25℃时测定了表面活性参数,结果表明随分子中疏水链增长,临界胶束浓度及表面张力均降低。目标化合物能一定程度增强油酸对胶磷矿中白云石的浮选能力。     

双子表面活性剂及其抗菌性能

Gemini surfactants contain two hydrophilic and two hydrophobic groups connected by a linkage close to the hydrophilic groups. Gemini surfactants have lower critical micelle concentration, higher surface activity, greater efficiency in decreasing the surface tension of water and the interfacial tension between water and oil, and better water solubility than conventional surfactants. Gemini surfactants are widely used as sterilizing, bacteriostatic, anti-foaming, and drug release agents in various enterprises including food production and industrial cleaning. They, therefore, play a very important social, economic, and industrial role. This paper briefly summarizes gemini surfactant development, structure, self-assembly, activity, classification, and characteristics, as well as focuses on the antibacterial mechanisms of these compounds. It is expected that the antibacterial properties of gemini surfactants may help slow the spread of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV).     

丙二酰胺型双子表面活性剂的合成与性能

丙二酸二乙酯经N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺胺解,再与溴代十六烷或溴代十四烷季铵盐化,合成了两种新型含丙二酰胺基Gemini表面活性剂(命名为16-9-16,14-9-14)。产物经乙腈重结晶,收率分别为80、77.6%(以丙二酸二乙酯计)。采用IR、1H-NMR表征了结构,通过电导法测定其临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为8.13×10-5、1.69×10-4mol.L-1,采用体积滴定法测定其表面张力γCMC为39.22、40.69 mN.m-1。并研究了其乳化、泡沫性能。     

新型双子表面活性剂的制备及性能研究

制备了一系列羧基支化改性双子表面活性剂,其利用马来酸酐将2个疏水性基团和2个亲水性基团通过弱酯键连接基团连接在一起,以反丁烯二酸为羧化试剂在过氧化自由基的引发下进行羧化接枝反应接入了阴离子亲水基团。用红外光谱和核磁共振表征了合成物的分子结构。测定了合成产物的表面张力、胶团形貌、疏水性能、泡沫性能、润湿性能、乳化性能和分散性能。结果显示所合成的双子表面活性具有优异的表面性能。     

甘氨酸酯衍生物双子季铵盐表面活性剂

双子表面活性剂;合成;甘氨酸酯衍生物双子季铵盐表面活性剂     

Synthesis and Properties of Novel Cationic Triazolium Gemini Surfactants

New type of triazolium Gemini surfactants were synthesized by reaction of epichlorohydrine with long-chain fatty alcohols namely cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol furnishing product 2-(alkoxymethyl)oxirane followed by the their subsequent treatment with triazole resulting in the formation of 1-(1,2,4-triazole)-3-alokoxypropane-2-ol which on reaction with 1,6-dibromohexane resulted in the formation of triazolium-based cationic Gemini surfactant. Their formation was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. Surface tension values were used to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC), minimum area per molecule (A_min) at air?water interface, Gibbs free energy of adsorption (ΔG_ads), the maximum surface excess concentration (Γ_max), and other parameters. The inhibition behavior of dimeric surfactant on the corrosion of carbon steel (CS) in 1 N H₂SO₄ aqueous medium was studied at 30°C. Performance tests like dispersion capability, foaming power and stability, emulsifying power, and wetting ability were determined. The obtained results show that dispersion capability, foaming power, foaming stability, and emulsifying ability are very good. The wetting power of synthesized surfactants is quite better.     

Novel Piperazine-based Gemini and Bola Surfactants

Gemini surfactants, containing several hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups in the molecules, are considered as a new generation of surfactants. It is extensively used in both material science and biotechnology. Bola-amphiphiles generally contain two ionic …     

Synthesis and Surface Properties of Novel N-Alkyl Quinoline-Based Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Two series of cationic dimeric (gemini) surfactants are prepared with respect to key surfactants properties, such as surface activity and solubilization. The influence of both the dimerization and the spacer group is examined in order to establish structure-property relationships. The surface tension and critical micelle concentration can be markedly reduced compared to the monomeric surfactants in the pure state. The critical micelle concentration (cmc) of each series has been determined using equilibrium surface tension measurements. Furthermore, air/water interface parameters including effectiveness (π_cmc), efficiency (P_C20), maximum surface excess (Γ _max ), and minimum surface area (A _min ) have been also derived using Gibb's adsorption equation at 25°C. Standard free energies of micellization and adsorption were calculated. Solubilization behaviors of the synthesized surfactants were measured towards paraffin oil as solubilized material using light transmission technique.     

Synthesis and Surface Activity of Novel Triazole—based Cationic Gemini Surfactants

Gemini surfactants, which contain two hydrophilic groups and two hydrophobic groups in the molecule, are considered as a new generation of surfactants. These surfactants are about 3 orders of magnitude more efficient at reducing surface tension and more than 2 orders of magnitude more efficient at forming micelles than conventional surfactants1. During recent years, many gemini surfactants have been synthesized, and a considerable number of investigations have been reported on their unusua…     

季铵盐阳离子型双子表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性

以二甲基长链烷基叔胺和1,5-二溴戊烷为起始原料合成了系列不同疏水烷基长度的阳离子型双子表面活性剂m-5-m(m=8, 12, 16).对其表面活性进行了初步研究,结果表明:所合成的系列产物都具有较好的表面活性,其中16-5-16具有最低的临界胶束浓度(CMC 0.289 mmol·L-1);随着疏水烷基链的增长,表面活性剂的CMC显著降低.对应的表面张力(γCMC)则随m的增加先降低,后增高,当疏水链为12个碳时为最低值;8-5-8的表面活性最差.     

新型Gemini咪唑表面活性剂的合成及表面性能

以2,2-双(溴甲基)-1,3-丙二醇为连接基合成了新型的连接基为枝状的Gemini咪唑表面活性剂2,4-二(溴化-3-烷基咪唑)-1,3-丙二醇([Cn-P-Cnim]Br2,n=10,12,14).产物经核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、红外(IR)光谱和元素分析等进行了分析,证明所得产物即为目标产物.通过表面张力法和电导法测量其表面活性并计算胶束形成热力学参数(ΔG m—0,ΔH m—0,ΔS m—0).结果表明,25℃时3种表面活性剂均具有很高的表面活性,胶束的形成是自发的熵驱动过程.     

Synthesis and Evaluation of Surface Activity of Gemini Borate Surfactants Based on Glucose Moiety

A series of Gemini borate surfactants were synthesized based on glucose molecule. Their chemical structures were confirmed using ¹H-NMR,¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectroscopy. The surface activities of these Gemini amphiphiles were measured, including surface tension (γ), critical micelle concentration (CMC), effectiveness (II_cmc), efficiency (pC₂₀), maximum surface excess (Γ_max), and minimum surface area (A_min) at different temperatures 25, 35, and 45°C either in pure water or in water–ethanol mixture (10%). Also, thermodynamic data including free energy, entropy, and enthalpy changes (ΔS, TΔS, ΔH) for adsorption at the air–water interface and also for micellization in surfactant solutions were calculated.     

季铵盐Gemini表面活性剂胶团水溶液的流变性质

用毛细管振荡剪切流动法研究联接基团为聚亚甲基链的季铵盐型Gemini表面活性剂C_12-s-C₁₂·2Br(s=2,4,8)的流变性质,并用动态光散射技术测定胶团生长过程中的胶团形状和大小的变化规律,探索联接基团长度对胶团形状、大小以及溶液流变性质的影响.实验结果表明,胶团形状和大小与联接基团长度有关,而溶液的流变性质主要由胶团的大小和形状所决定,球形和棒状(长椭球体)胶团溶液的流变性质以纯粘度为主,而线性胶团溶液则显示粘弹性质.此外,增加电解质浓度和降低温度均使溶液的粘度增大.     

Synthesis and Properties of Gemini Cationic Surfactants with Amide Spacers

Four gemini cationic surfactants {N,N‘-di[2-(lauryldimethylamino)acetyl]polymethylenediamine dichloride, LAA-s-LAA, s = 2,3,4,6 } were synthesized by using four bis (a-chloroacetamide)s and N, N-dimethyl-laurylamine, respectively. The molecular structures were characterized by means of IR, ^1H NMR. ^13C NMR and MS, and the behavior of their aqueous solutions was studied. The critical micell concentrations (CMC) of LAA-s-LAA were one order of magnitude lower than that of dodecyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DTAC). With the change of the length of spacer chain(s), their CMC values change, and CMC reaches the top value at s=4.     

Synthesis of a Novel Class of Organosilicon Quaternary Ammonium Gemini Surfactants

A novel class of organosilicon quaternary gemini surfactants alkanediyl-α, ω-bis(methyl-dimethoxy-silopropyl-diethyl ammonium bromide) was synthesized with N,N-diethyl-aminopropyl-methyl-dimethoxysilane and α, ω-dibromoalkane as the raw materials, where the N,N-diethyl-aminopropyl-methyl-dimethoxysilane was synthesized by reacting diethylamine with γ-chloropropylmethyldimethoxysilane. The effects of various solvents on the conversion rate of the reaction and on purification of surfactants were investigated. The structures of the organosilicon quaternary ammonium gemini surfactants were determined by means of ¹H NMR and elemental analysis. The properties of aqueous solution were measured with electrical conductivity and viscosity methods.