Stable systolic category of manifolds and the cup-length

It follows from a theorem of Gromov that the stable systolic category cat_stsys M{\rm cat}_{\rm stsys} M of a closed manifold M is bounded from below by cl_\mathbbQ M{\rm cl}_{\mathbb{Q}} M, the rational cup-length of M [Ka07]. We study the inequality in the opposite direction. In particular, combining our results with Gromov’s theorem, we prove the equality cat_stsys M = cl_\mathbbQ M{\rm cat}_{\rm stsys} M = {\rm cl}_{\mathbb{Q}} M for simply connected manifolds of dimension ≤ 7.     

Relative isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a convex set

Let C be a closed convex set in a complete simply connected Riemannian manifold M with sectional curvature bounded above by a positive constant K. Assume that Σ is a compact minimal surface outside C such that Σ is orthogonal to ?C along ?Σ∩?C and ?Σ ～ ?C is radially connected from a point p ∈ ?Σ∩?C. We introduce a modified volume M_p(Σ) of Σ and obtain a sharp isoperimetric inequality where equality holds if and only if Σ is a geodesic half disk with constant Gaussian curvature K. We also prove higher dimensional isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a closed convex set in a Riemannian manifold using the modified volume.     

Fibrewise construction applied to Lusternik-Schnirelmann category

In this paper a variant of Lusternik-Schnirelmann category is presented which is denoted byQcat(X). It is obtained by applying a base-point free version ofQ=Ω^∞∑^∞ fibrewise to the Ganea fibrations. We provecat(X)≥Qcat(X)≥σcat(X) whereσcat(X) denotes Y. Rudyak’s strict category weight. However,Qcat(X) approximatescat(X) better, because, e.g., in the case of a rational spaceQcat(X)=cat(X) andσcat(X) equals the Toomer invariant. We show thatQcat(X×Y)≤Qcat(X)+Qcat(Y). The invariantQcat is designed to measure the failure of the formulacat(X×S ^r )=cat(X)+1. In fact for 2-cell complexesQcat(X)<cat(X)⇔cat(X×S ^r )=cat(X) for somer≥1. We note that the paper is written in the more general context of a functor λ from the category of spaces to itself satisfying certain conditions; λ=Q, Ω ⁿ Σ ⁿ ,Sp ^∞ orL _f are just particular cases.     

Derivations on the algebra of measurable operators affiliated with a type I von Neumann algebra

Let M be a type I von Neumann algebra with the center Z and let LS(M) be the algebra of all locally measurable operators affiliated with M. We prove that every Z-linear derivation on LS(M) is inner. In particular, all Z-linear derivations on the algebras of measurable and respectively totally measurable operators are spatial and implemented by elements of LS(M). The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Best constants for higher-order Rellich inequalities in <Emphasis Type="Italic">L</Emphasis><Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis></Superscript>(Ω)

We obtain a series improvement to higher-order L ^p -Rellich inequalities on a Riemannian manifold M. The improvement is shown to be sharp as each new term of the series is added.      

The Gradient Flow of <Emphasis Type="Italic">∫</Emphasis><Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">M</Emphasis></Subscript>|Rm|<Superscript>2</Superscript>

We study the gradient flow of the Riemannian functional ℱ(g):=∫ _M |Rm|². This flow corresponds to a fourth-order degenerate parabolic equation for a Riemannian metric. We prove that the degeneracies may be accounted for entirely by diffeomorphism flow, and hence we show short-time existence using the DeTurck method. We prove L ² derivative estimates of Bernstein-Bando-Shi type and use these to give a basic obstruction to long time existence and prove a compactness theorem.      

(<Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>)-Topology in *-algebras of locally measurable operators

We consider the topology t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) of convergence locally in measure in the *-algebra LS( M ) LS\left( \mathcal{M} \right) of all locally measurable operators affiliated to the von Neumann algebra M \mathcal{M} . We prove that t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) coincides with the (o)-topology in LS_h( M ) = { T ? LS( M ):T* = T } L{S_h}\left( \mathcal{M} \right) = \left\{ {T \in LS\left( \mathcal{M} \right):T* = T} \right\} if and only if the algebra M \mathcal{M} is σ-finite and is of finite type. We also establish relations between t( M ) t\left( \mathcal{M} \right) and various topologies generated by a faithful normal semifinite trace on M \mathcal{M} .     

Weak quasi‐randomness for uniform hypergraphs

We study quasi‐random properties of k‐uniform hypergraphs. Our central notion is uniform edge distribution with respect to large vertex sets. We will find several equivalent characterisations of this property and our work can be viewed as an extension of the well known Chung‐Graham‐Wilson theorem for quasi‐random graphs. Moreover, let K_k be the complete graph on k vertices and M(k) the line graph of the graph of the k‐dimensional hypercube. We will show that the pair of graphs (K_k,M(k)) has the property that if the number of copies of both K_k and M(k) in another graph G are as expected in the random graph of density d, then G is quasi‐random (in the sense of the Chung‐Graham‐Wilson theorem) with density close to d. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2011     

Affine symplectic geometry I: Applications to geometric inequalities

We use the integral geometric formulas in the symplectic space of geodesics of a Riemannian manifold to derive various inequalities of isoperimetric type. We give a sharp lower bound for the area of the minimal bubble spanning a spherical curve in ℝ³. We also present an “inverse Croke inequality” relating the area of the boundary of a complex domain in a Riemannian manifold to the injectivity radius and the volume of the domain. We prove a sharp lower bound for the ground state of the harmonic oscillator operator inL ²(M), whereM is a Hadamard manifold. This article is dedicated to my dear friend Julia Rashba     

Differential Harnack inequalities on Riemannian manifolds I: Linear heat equation

In the first part of this paper, we get new Li–Yau type gradient estimates for positive solutions of heat equation on Riemannian manifolds with Ricci(M)?−k, k∈R. As applications, several parabolic Harnack inequalities are obtained and they lead to new estimates on heat kernels of manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded from below. In the second part, we establish a Perelman type Li–Yau–Hamilton differential Harnack inequality for heat kernels on manifolds with Ricci(M)?−k, which generalizes a result of L. Ni (2004, 2006) [20] and [21]. As applications, we obtain new Harnack inequalities and heat kernel estimates on general manifolds. We also obtain various entropy monotonicity formulas for all compact Riemannian manifolds.     

Blaschke's rolling theorem for manifolds¶with boundary

For a complete Riemannian manifold M with compact boundary ∂M denote by $\Cut$ the cut locus of $\f M$ in M. The rolling radius of M is roll(M)≔ dist(∂M, ?_{∂ M} ). Let Focal(∂M) be the focal distance of ∂M in M. Then conditions are given that imply the equality roll(M)= Focal(∂M). This generalizes Blaschke's rolling theorem from bounded convex domains in Euclidean space to more general Euclidean domains and to Riemannian manifolds with boundary. Received: 28 August 1998 / Revised version: 8 February 1999     

Differential Harnack inequalities for heat equations with potentials under geometric flows

In the paper we consider a closed Riemannian manifold M with a time-dependent Riemannian metric g _ij (t) evolving by ? _t g _ij  = ?2S _ij , where S _ij is a symmetric two-tensor on (M,g(t)). We prove some differential Harnack inequalities for positive solutions of heat equations with potentials on (M,g(t)). Some applications of these inequalities will be obtained.     

Harmonic Functions,Entropy, and a Characterization of the Hyperbolic Space

Let (M ⁿ ,g) be a compact Riemannian manifold with Ric ≥−(n−1). It is well known that the bottom of spectrum λ ₀ of its universal covering satisfies λ ₀≤(n−1)²/4. We prove that equality holds iff M is hyperbolic. This follows from a sharp estimate for the Kaimanovich entropy. The author was partially supported by NSF Grant 0505645.     

Teichmüller curves,Galois actions and $ \widehat {GT} $‐relations

Teichmüller curves are geodesic discs in Teichmüller space that project to algebraic curves C in the moduli space M_g. Some Teichmüller curves can be considered as components of Hurwitz spaces. We show that the absolute Galois group G_? acts faithfully on the set of these embedded curves. We also compare the action of G_? on π₁(C) with the one on π₁(M_g) and obtain a relation in the Grothendieck–Teichmüller group, seemingly independent of the known ones. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Nowhere zero 4‐flow in regular matroids

Jensen and Toft 8 conjectured that every 2‐edge‐connected graph without a K₅‐minor has a nowhere zero 4‐flow. Walton and Welsh 19 proved that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K_3,3), M*(K₅)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4‐flow. In this note, we prove that if a coloopless regular matroid M does not have a minor in {M(K₅), M*(K₅)}, then M admits a nowhere zero 4‐flow. Our result implies the Jensen and Toft conjecture. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory     

Two realizations of Schrödinger operators on Riemannian manifolds

We consider a Schrödinger differential expression P=ΔM+V on a complete Riemannian manifold (M,g) with metric g, where ΔM is the scalar Laplacian on M and V is a real-valued locally integrable function on M. We study two self-adjoint realizations of P in L²(M) and show their equality. This is an extension of a result of S. Agmon.     

Total domination in 2‐connected graphs and in graphs with no induced 6‐cycles

A set S of vertices in a graph G is a total dominating set of G if every vertex of G is adjacent to some vertex in S. The minimum cardinality of a total dominating set of G is the total domination number γ_t(G) of G. It is known [J Graph Theory 35 (2000), 21–45] that if G is a connected graph of order n > 10 with minimum degree at least 2, then γ_t(G) ≤ 4n/7 and the (infinite family of) graphs of large order that achieve equality in this bound are characterized. In this article, we improve this upper bound of 4n/7 for 2‐connected graphs, as well as for connected graphs with no induced 6‐cycle. We prove that if G is a 2‐connected graph of order n > 18, then γ_t(G) ≤ 6n/11. Our proof is an interplay between graph theory and transversals in hypergraphs. We also prove that if G is a connected graph of order n > 18 with minimum degree at least 2 and no induced 6‐cycle, then γ_t(G) ≤ 6n/11. Both bounds are shown to be sharp. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 60: 55–79, 2009     

On large sets of Pk‐decompositions

Let G = (V(G),E(G)) be a graph. A (ν, G, λ)‐GD is a partition of all the edges of λK_ν into subgraphs (G‐blocks), each of which is isomorphic to G. The (ν, G, λ)‐GD is named as graph design for G or G‐decomposition. The large set of (ν, G, λ)‐GD is denoted by (ν, G, λ)‐LGD. In this paper, we obtain a general result by using the finite fields, that is, if q ≥ k ≥ 2 is an odd prime power, then there exists a (q,P_k, k ? 1)‐LGD. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs.     

Large set of P3‐decompositions

Let G=(V(G),E(G)) be a graph. A (n,G, λ)‐GD is a partition of the edges of λK_n into subgraphs (G‐blocks), each of which is isomorphic to G. The (n,G,λ)‐GD is named as graph design for G or G‐decomposition. The large set of (n,G,λ)‐GD is denoted by (n,G,λ)‐LGD. In this work, we obtain the existence spectrum of (n,P₃,λ)‐LGD. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 10: 151–159, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10008