基于普通CCD的每秒百万帧高帧频成像方法

针对CCD图像输出时间长影响其帧频率的问题,提出了一种基于普通CCD实现超高帧频成像的方法.采用掩膜覆盖CCD的光敏区,建立图像的片上存储空间,消除CCD电荷转移输出占用过多时间的影响,可以使普通CCD的帧频达到每秒百万帧频以上.介绍了不同掩膜实现方案的优缺点,讨论了掩膜图像的恢复方法,采用条状孔掩膜方式建立了基于普通CCD的每秒百万帧高帧频成像系统样机,利用氙灯对样机性能进行验证,获得了14幅79×79像素的氙灯发光过程图像,样机帧频率达到了每秒200万帧的超高速度.     

CCD电视系统实时位置测量的误差分析

本文就CCD电视摄像机对运动物体目标瞬时位置测量精度的几个问题进行讨论。文章首先分析了由于CCD成象器件结构特征和电子热噪音对目标位置测量精度的影响,给出位置测量误差与电视测量系统量化等级的关系,提出在保证一定测量精度下量化等级的选择原则。文章还分析了用普通电视摄象机组成的电视经纬仪测量运动目标位置的局限性,提出为获得较高的测量精度,选用高帧频电视摄象机的必要性。     

应用电视技术

 电视系统按用途可以分为广播电视和应用电视两大类。广播电视向大众提供电视节目,丰富人们的精神文化生活,大家非常熟悉;应用电视是广播电视之外所有电视的统称,也称为非广播电视,许多人并不很熟悉。无论广播电视还是应用电视,都需要摄像机。应用电视中广泛采用的是CCD摄像机。CCD(ChargeCoupledDevices)摄像机即用电荷耦合器件制成的固体摄像机,它的寿命很长,能经受强烈的震动而不损坏,工作电压又很低,体积小,重量轻,而且均匀性好,几乎没有几何失真,所以,CCD固体摄像机几乎完全代替了视像管摄像机,它分为黑白CCD摄像机和彩色CCD摄像机。这种摄像机不仅对可见光可进行摄像,而且由于CC     

CCD摄像机TDI模式及实时显示技术研究

叙述了CCD摄像机作为微光夜视探测的TDI(时间延迟积分 )特性及实时显示多帧累积后目标图像的技术 ,利用CCD摄像机的外触发控制系统和EPLD可编程逻辑器件实现图像的TDI累积。可获得当CCD靶面照度为 3 7×10 -5lx下静态目标达到 3 0 0TVlines分辨率的图像。给出标准的视频信号输出及实时显示。     

基于CCD电极直接驱动控制的双脉冲发光图像高速曝光技术原理研究

电荷耦合器件(CCD)是一类高性能的光电成像器件,具有成像阵列大、图像质量好的特点。但由于正常工作驱动时序复杂,工作帧频一般较低,无法满足较高成像帧频的要求。针对一种双脉冲发光图像的高速高分辨高质量成像要求,根据CCD信号电荷收集及转移的电极驱动特性,选择合适的CCD类型,以电荷转移时序为时间分隔界限,设计了一种电极直接进行控制的时序,实现了两个光脉冲图像的分离积分及信号转移、读出等,完成了双脉冲发光图像的等效高帧频曝光的原理验证,在保持CCD原有高成像质量的情况下获得了μs级间隔的两幅图像可分辨的能力,并实现了一种二分幅相机系统。     

兆线元EBCCD微光探测系统

研发了一种兆线元EBCCD微光探测系统。该系统采用了俄罗斯生产的电子轰击CCD传感器,该传感器为倒像式静电聚焦系统,CCD为背照式1000×1000像元,传输模式为帧传输。为了获得高质量的图像,采用了多重滤波、自动去背景噪声以及帧叠加的方法。该系统能在10-5lx照度条件下得到较好的视频信号。该系统具有很高的灵敏度和分辨力,与ICCD微光摄像机作了比较。结果表明,电子轰击CCD微光成像系统性能较为理想。     

基于异步时序的高帧频相机垂直拖尾处理

介绍一种高帧频相机垂直拖尾影响的解决方法,该方法同时考虑连续采集模式下帧间图像和像元合并（binning）技术的影响。与常用的静态图像拖尾处理的算法如逆向逐行修正算法相比,该算法非常适用于连续图像拖尾处理,特别是经过Binning后获取的图像。在某自主研制的基于异步时序的40 000 帧/秒高速相机中应用该方法,有效去除了拖尾影响。最后,运用该方法处理的图像验证了算法的有效性。     

单帧两次记录技术在图像测速中的应用

利用电视图像技术的隔行扫描原理,把摄像机的一幅图像拆分为前后两场,经过最小误差示踪粒子匹配方法的图像处理,获得了较好的瞬时流矢图,CCD图像及计算机技术在大学物理实验教学中的应用是教学内容和教学方法改革的一个初步尝试。     

多帧融合处理技术在运动模糊图像复原中的应用

运动模糊图像是电视监控中常见的退化图像 ,也是图像处理和检验工作中的难题。针对电视摄像的特点 ,多帧融合处理技术从图像时间序列中提取景物的运动信息 ,构造复原滤波器 ,通过频率域反转滤波方式复原模糊图像。这项技术能够有效地增强电视监控中存在的运动模糊图像 ,并且适用于数字视频图像处理     

基于面阵CCD芯片KAI-1010M的TDI三线阵工作方式

介绍了行间转移面阵CCD芯片KAI-1010M的内部结构、工作时序和驱动系统,采用将存储区内相同像素在不同曝光时间的感应电荷叠加,实现了行间转移面阵CCD的时间延时和积分工作方式|采用Fast Dump Gate(FDG)功能快速清除电荷而只保留3行CCD信号以提高帧频,克服面阵帧周期长的缺点,实现三线阵工作方式,最终实现了三线阵的时间延时和积分成像工作方式.实验结果表明,此实现方式是可行的,最大帧频可达54.3 fps,控制曝光时间的方式灵活,而且能使CCD输出信号的幅度成倍的增加.     

Design of a very high frame rate camera based on an asynchronous CCD driving method

A very high frame rate camera is designed based on an innovative CCD driving method. The CCD driving method is mainly implemented on frame transfer CCDs. Asynchronous drive timing sequences are applied in the image and storage section of the CCDs. Several rows of the charge in the image section are binned onto the same row in the storage section, and there are the same number of images to be stored in the storage section before they are read out. Based on the new driving method, the frame transfer CCDs can work at a very high frame rate in acquiring burst images though the reading speed remains at a lower level. A very high frame rate camera is designed in this paper. The innovative CCD driving method is mainly of concern. An e2v's CCD60 is adopted in the camera system, whose full size resolution is 128×128, and the up most frame rate is 1000 Hz in the conventional CCD driving method. By using the presented method, the CCD60 based imager is capable of operating at up to 40000 frames per second (fps) at a recognizable resolution of 128×32. Comparing cameras using traditional binning and region of interest technologies, the frame rate is normally less than 5000 fps while the resolution is only 32 × 32 lett.     

Design of a very high frame rate camera based on an asynchronous CCD driving method

A very high frame rate camera is designed based on an innovative CCD driving method. The CCD driving method is mainly implemented on frame transfer CCDs. Asynchronous drive timing sequences are applied in the image and storage section of the CCDs. Several rows of the charge in the image section are binned onto the same row in the storage section, and there are the same number of images to be stored in the storage section before they are read out. Based on the new driving method, the frame transfer CCDs can work at a very high frame rate in acquiring burst images though the reading speed remains at a lower level. A very high frame rate camera is designed in this paper. The innovative CCD driving method is mainly of concern. An e2v's CCD60 is adopted in the camera system, whose full size resolution is 128 × 128, and the up most frame rate is 1000 Hz in the conventional CCD driving method. By using the presented method, the CCD60 based imager is capable of operating at up to 40000 frames per second (fps) at a recognizable resolution of 128 × 32. Comparing cameras using traditional binning and region of interest technologies, the frame rate is normally less than 5000 fps while the resolution is only 32 × 32 left.     

A high-speed image sensing technique with adjustable frame rate based on an ordinary CCD

In the sinusoidal phase modulating interferometer technique, the high-speed CCD is necessary to detect the interference signals. The reason of ordinary CCD's low frame rate was analyzed, and a novel high-speed image sensing technique with adjustable frame rate based on an ordinary CCD was proposed. And the principle of the image sensor was analyzed. When the maximum frequency and channel bandwidth were constant, a custom high-speed sensor was designed by using the ordinary CCD under the control of the special driving circuit. The frame rate of the ordinary CCD has been enhanced by controlling the number of pixels of every frame; therefore, the ordinary of CCD can be used as the high frame rate image sensor with small amount of pixels. The multi-output high-speed image sensor has the deficiencies of low accuracy, and high cost, while the high-speed image senor with small number of pixels by using this technique can overcome theses faults. The light intensity varying with time was measured by using the image sensor. The frame rate was up to 1600 frame per second (f/s), and the size of every frame and the frame rate were adjustable. The correlation coefficient between the measurement result and the standard values were higher than 0.98026, and the relative error was lower than 0.53%. The experimental results show that this sensor is fit to the measurements of sinusoidal phase modulating interferometer technique.     

基于CPLD的空间面阵CCD相机驱动时序发生器的设计与硬件实现

在分析e2v公司的CCD47-20 Backthinned NIMO型CCD器件驱动时序关系的基础上, 设计了可调帧频和曝光时间的空间面阵CCD相机驱动时序发生器及其硬件电路.选用可编程逻辑器件作为硬件设计载体,使用VHDL语言对驱动时序发生器进行了硬件描述.针对ALTERA公司的EPM9400LC84-15对设计进行了RTL级仿真及配置,完成了时序发生器的硬件电路.硬件实验结果表明,所研制的驱动时序发生器不仅可以满足空间CCD相机的驱动要求,而且还可以调节帧频和曝光时间.     

Smear correction for frame transfer charge-coupled-device cameras

A simple algorithm is described and demonstrated for the removal of smear from images obtained with a frame transfer CCD camera. The algorithm requires specification of only a single parameter, which is related to the ratio of the single-pixel charge-transfer time of the CCD and the image integration time. The smear parameter is determined experimentally by the requirement that smear-corrected images of a focused laser spot be symmetric.     

Holographic recording of fast events on a CCD camera

We report on holographic recording of nanosecond events on a conventional CCD camera. Three frames of an air-discharge event, with resolution of 5.9 ns and frame interval of 12 ns, are recorded in a single CCD frame. Each individual frame is reconstructed by digital filtering of the CCD frame, since successively recorded holograms are centered at different carrier frequencies in the spatial frequency domain.