A circle packing algorithm

A circle packing is a configuration P of circles realizing a specified pattern of tangencies. Radii of packings in the euclidean and hyperbolic planes may be computed using an iterative process suggested by William Thurston. We describe an efficient implementation, discuss its performance, and illustrate recent applications. A central role is played by new and subtle monotonicity results for “flowers” of circles.     

A note on circle patterns on surfaces

In this paper we give two different proofs of Bobenko and Springborn’s theorem of circle pattern: there exists a hyperbolic (or Euclidean) circle pattern with proscribed intersection angles and cone angles on a cellular decomposed surface up to isometry (or similarity). This work is partially supported by NSF Grant #0625935.     

带有临界点的解析函数的圆模式逼近

一个圆模式是指复平面C上具有特定交角的一种圆格局.给定有界单连通区域ΩC内一个具有有限多个临界点的解析函数F,首先利用有分枝圆模式枝术构造了F的离散近似解,然后证明了这个近似解序列在Ω的紧子集上一致收敛于该解析函数F.这为带有临界点的解析函数的数值计算提供一种新的方法.     

Approximation of conformal mappings of annular regions

Summary. In this paper we examine the convergence rates in an adaptive version of an orthonormalization method for approximating the conformal mapping of an annular region onto a circular annulus. In particular, we consider the case where has an analytic extension in compl() and, for this case, we determine optimal ray sequences of approximants that give the best possible geometric rate of uniform convergence. We also estimate the rate of uniform convergence in the case where the annular region has piecewise analytic boundary without cusps. In both cases we also give the corresponding rates for the approximations to the conformal module of . Received February 2, 1996     

Second derivatives of circle packings and conformal mappings

William Thurston conjectured that the Riemann mapping functionf from a simply connected region Ω onto the unit disk can be approximated as follows. Almost fill Ω with circles of radius ɛ packed in the regular hexagonal pattern. There is a combinatorially isomorphic packing of circles in . The correspondencef _ɛ of ɛ-circles in Ω with circles of varying radii in should converge tof after suitable normalization. This was proved in [RS], and in [H] an estimate was obtained which led to an approximation of |f′| in terms off _ɛ ; namely, |f′| is the limit of the ratio of the radii of a target circle off _ɛ to its source circle. In the present paper we show how to approximatef′ andf″ in terms off _ɛ . Explicit rates for the convergence tof, f′, andf″ are obtained. In the special case of convergence to |f′|, the estimate in this paper improves the previously known estimate.     

Finite Element Approximation of Conformal Mappings to Unbounded Jordan Domains

In two-dimensional Euclidean space, a simply connected unbounded domain whose boundary is a Jordan curve is called an unbounded Jordan domain. In this article, we discuss a piecewise linear finite element approximation of conformal mappings from the unit disk of the plane to unbounded Jordan domains. Some convergence results and error analysis are presented. Numerical examples are also given.     

Harmonic mappings of the Sierpinski gasket to the circle

Harmonic mappings from the Sierpinski gasket to the circle are described explicitly in terms of boundary values and topological data. In particular, all such mappings minimize energy within a given homotopy class. Explicit formulas are also given for the energy of the mapping and its normal derivatives at boundary points.

     

Fractional Laplacian in conformal geometry

In this note, we study the connection between the fractional Laplacian operator that appeared in the recent work of Caffarelli and Silvestre and a class of conformally covariant operators in conformal geometry.     

On some auxiliary mappings generated by nonexpansive and strictly pseudo-contractive mappings

Starting by a finite family of mappings, we define the concept of procedure with Lipschitzian dependence of the coefficients. We give seven concrete examples of such procedures and prove the strong convergence of two viscosity methods.     

Approximation of common fixed points for finite families of total asymptotically nonexpansive mappings

Let E be a real Banach space, K a closed convex nonempty subset of E. Let be m total asymptotically nonexpansive mappings. An iterative sequence for approximation of common fixed points (assuming existence) of T₁,T₂,…,Tm is constructed; necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of the scheme to a common fixed point of the mappings are given. Furthermore, in the case that E is uniformly convex, a sufficient condition for convergence of the iteration process to a common fixed point of mappings under our setting is established.     

Approximation of fixed points of uniformly R-subweakly commuting mappings

We introduce a new class of uniformly R-subweakly commuting mappings and then using this class study the problem of approximation of common fixed points of asymptotically S-nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space with uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm.     

Carleson measures and conformal self‐mappings in the real unit ball

Bounded and compact Carleson measures in the unit ball B of R ⁿ , n ≥ 2, are characterized by means of global Dirichlet integrals of the conformal self‐map T_a taking a ∈ B to the origin. The same proof applies in the unit ball of C ⁿ . It is also proved that the powers of the Jacobian of T_a satisfy the weak Harnack inequality and even Harnack's inequality with a constant independent of a. As an application of these results it is shown that the two different definitions for Carleson measures in the existing literature are equivalent for a certain range of parameter values. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Generalization of preinvex and B-vex fuzzy mappings

A class of fuzzy mappings, called B-preinvex, and strictly B-preinvex fuzzy mappings, is introduced by relaxing the definition of preinvexity of a fuzzy mapping. Similarly, based on a notion of differentiability of fuzzy mappings different from the usual one, the class of pseudo-B-vex, B-invex, and pseudo-B-invex fuzzy mappings is defined as a generalization of pseudo-convex, invex, and pseudo-invex fuzzy mappings. We prove that a strictly B-vex, or B-preinvex fuzzy mapping has at most one global minimum point, and that the class of B-vex fuzzy mappings forms a subset of the class of quasi-convex fuzzy mappings. B-vex (resp. B-preinvex) fuzzy mappings satisfy most of the basic properties of convex (resp. preinvex) fuzzy mappings. In addition characterizations and sufficient optimality conditions are obtained for B-vex and B-preinvex fuzzy mappings.     

On the decomposition of global conformal invariants II

This paper is a continuation of [S. Alexakis, The decomposition of global conformal invariants I, submitted for publication, see also math.DG/0509571], where we complete our partial proof of the Deser-Schwimmer conjecture on the structure of “global conformal invariants.” Our theorem deals with such invariants P(gn) that locally depend only on the curvature tensor Rijkl (without covariant derivatives).In [S. Alexakis, The decomposition of global conformal invariants I, Ann. of Math., in press] we developed a powerful tool, the “super divergence formula” which applies to any Riemannian operator that always integrates to zero on compact manifolds. In particular, it applies to the operator Ign(?) that measures the “non-conformally invariant part” of P(gn). This paper resolves the problem of using this information we have obtained on the structure of Ign(?) to understand the structure of P(gn).     

Approximation of common fixed points for finite families of nonself asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces

Let E be a real uniformly convex Banach space, K be a closed convex nonempty subset of E which is also a nonexpansive retract with retraction P. Let be asymptotically nonexpansive mappings of K into E with sequences (respectively) satisfying kin→1 as n→∞, i=1,2,…,m, and . Let be a sequence in [?,1−?],?∈(0,1), for each i∈{1,2,…,m} (respectively). Let {xn} be a sequence generated for m?2 by

     

Approximation of fixed points and variational solutions for pseudo-contractive mappings in banach spaces

Let K be a nonempty, closed and convex subset of a real reflexive Banach space E which has a uniformly Gâteaux differentiable norm. Assume that every nonempty closed convex and bounded subset of K has the fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings. Strong convergence theorems for approximation of a fixed point of Lipschitz pseudo-contractive mappings which is also a unique solution to variational inequality problem involving ?-strongly pseudo-contractive mappings are proved. The results presented in this article can be applied to the study of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings, variational inequality problems, convex optimization problems, and split feasibility problems. Our result extends many recent important results.     

Convergence and finite determination of formal CR mappings

It is shown that a formal mapping between two real-analytic hypersurfaces in complex space is convergent provided that neither hypersurface contains a nontrivial holomorphic variety. For higher codimensional generic submanifolds, convergence is proved e.g. under the assumption that the source is of finite type, the target does not contain a nontrivial holomorphic variety, and the mapping is finite. Finite determination (by jets of a predetermined order) of formal mappings between smooth generic submanifolds is also established.

     

On the uniqueness problem of harmonic quasiconformal mappings

In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to Sheretov's problem on the uniqueness of harmonic mappings and improve the unique minimal mapping theorem of Reich and Strebel. Meanwhile, we also solve a problem posed by Reich and obtain the uniqueness theorem on related weight functions.

     

Boundary behaviour of the mappings satisfying generalized inverse modular inequalities

We study the geometric properties of the mappings for which generalized inverse modular inequalities hold. We generalize in this way known theorems from the theory of analytic mappings and the theory of quasiregular mappings, like the theorems of Fatou, M. and F. Riesz, Beurling and Lindelöf and their extensions given for quasiregular mappings by Martio, Rickman and Vuorinen.