Sobolev spaces and the Cayley transform

The generalised Cayley transform  from an Iwasawa -group into the corresponding real unit sphere  induces isomorphisms between suitable Sobolev spaces and . We study the differential of  , and we obtain a criterion for a function to be in  .

     

Combinatorics of rank jumps in simplicial hypergeometric systems

Let be an integer matrix, and assume that the convex hull of its columns is a simplex of dimension  not containing the origin. It is known that the semigroup ring is Cohen-Macaulay if and only if the rank of the GKZ hypergeometric system equals the normalized volume of for all complex parameters (Saito, 2002). Our refinement here shows that has rank strictly larger than the volume of if and only if lies in the Zariski closure (in  ) of all -graded degrees where the local cohomology is nonzero. We conjecture that the same statement holds even when is not a simplex.

     

Linear functionals on the Cuntz algebra

For a pure state on , which is an extension of a pure state on with the property that if is a corresponding representation, then , induces a unital shift of of the Powers index . We describe states on by using sequences of unit vectors in . We study the linear functionals on the Cuntz algebra whose restrictions are the product pure state on . We find conditions on the sequence of unit vectors for which the corresponding linear functionals on become states under these conditions.

     

Unique factorization in generalized power series rings

Let be a field of characteristic zero and let denote the ring of generalized power series (i.e., formal sums with well-ordered support) with coefficients in , and non-positive real exponents. Berarducci (2000) constructed an irreducible omnific integer, in the sense of Conway (2001), by first proving that an element of that is not divisible by a monomial and whose support has order type (or for some ordinal ) must be irreducible. In this paper, we consider elements of with support of order type . The irreducibility of these elements cannot be deduced solely from the order type of their support and, after developing new tools for studying these elements, we exhibit both reducible and irreducible elements of this type. We further prove that all elements whose support has order type and which are not divisible by a monomial factor uniquely into irreducibles. This provides, in the ring , a class of reducible elements for which we have unique factorization into irreducibles.

     

Poincaré duality algebras and rings of coinvariants

Let be a faithful representation of a finite group over the field . Via the group acts on and hence on the algebra of homogenous polynomial functions on the vector space . R. Kane (1994) formulated the following result based on the work of R. Steinberg (1964): If the field has characteristic 0, then is a Poincaré duality algebra if and only if is a pseudoreflection group. The purpose of this note is to extend this result to the case (i.e. the order of is relatively prime to the characteristic of ).

     

Avoiding the projective hierarchy in expansions of the real field by sequences

Some necessary conditions are given on infinitely oscillating real functions and infinite discrete sets of real numbers so that first-order expansions of the field of real numbers by such functions or sets do not define . In particular, let be such that , as for some , is o-minimal, and the expansion of by the set does not define . Then there exist 0$"> and such that as .

     

Linear series over real and -adic fields

We note that the degeneration arguments given by the author in 2003 to derive a formula for the number of maps from a general curve of genus to with prescribed ramification also yields weaker results when working over the real numbers or -adic fields. Specifically, let be such a field: we see that given , , , and satisfying , there exists smooth curves of genus together with points such that all maps from to can, up to automorphism of the image, be defined over . We also note that the analagous result will follow from maps to higher-dimensional projective spaces if it is proven in the case , , and that thanks to work of Sottile, unconditional results may be obtained for special ramification conditions.

     

Varieties with a reducible hyperplane section whose two components are hypersurfaces

We classify smooth complex projective varieties of dimension admitting a divisor of the form among their hyperplane sections, both and of codimension in their respective linear spans. In this setting, one of the following holds: 1) is either the Veronese surface in or its general projection to , 2) and is contained in a quadric cone of rank or , 3) and .

     

Free modules of relative invariants and some rings of invariants that are Cohen-Macaulay

Let be a faithful representation of a finite group and a linear character. We study the module of -relative invariants. We prove a modular analogue of result of R. P. Stanley and V. Reiner in the case of nonmodular reflection groups to the effect that these modules are free on a single generator over the ring of invariants . This result is then applied to show that the ring of invariants for is Cohen-Macaulay. Since the Cohen-Macaulay property is not an issue in the nonmodular case (it is a consequence of a theorem of Eagon and Hochster), this would seem to be a new way to verify the Cohen-Macaulay property for modular rings of invariants. It is known that the Cohen-Macaulay property is inherited when passing from the ring of invariants of to that of a pointwise stabilizer of a subspace . In a similar vein, we introduce for a subspace the subgroup of elements of having as an eigenspace, and prove that Cohen-Macaulay implies is also.

     

Cube-approximating bounded wavelet sets in

We prove that for any real expansive matrix , there exists a bounded -dilation wavelet set in the frequency domain (the inverse Fourier transform of whose characteristic function is a band-limited single wavelet in the time domain ). Moreover these wavelet sets can approximate a cube in arbitrarily. This result improves Dai, Larson and Speegle's result about the existence of (basically unbounded) wavelet sets for real expansive matrices.

     

Convergence theorem for zeros of generalized Lipschitz generalized phi-quasi-accretive operators

Let be a uniformly smooth real Banach space and let be a mapping with . Suppose is a generalized Lipschitz generalized -quasi-accretive mapping. Let and be real sequences in [0,1] satisfying the following conditions: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) Let be generated iteratively from arbitrary by

where is defined by and is an arbitrary bounded sequence in . Then, there exists such that if the sequence converges strongly to the unique solution of the equation . A related result deals with approximation of the unique fixed point of a generalized Lipschitz and generalized -hemi-contractive mapping.

     

Equicompact sets of operators defined on Banach spaces

Let and be Banach spaces. We say that a set denotes the space of all compact operators from into ) is equicompact if there exists a null sequence in such that for all and all . It is easy to show that collectively compactness and equicompactness are dual concepts in the following sense: is equicompact iff is collectively compact. We study some properties of equicompact sets and, among other results, we prove: 1) a set is equicompact iff each bounded sequence in has a subsequence such that is a converging sequence uniformly for ; 2) if does not have finite cotype and is a maximal equicompact set, then, given and a finite set in , there is an operator such that for and all .

     

Global approximation of CR functions on Bloom-Graham model graphs in

We define a class of generic CR submanifolds of of real codimension , , called the Bloom-Graham model graphs, whose graphing functions are partially decoupled in their dependence on the variables in the real directions. We prove a global version of the Baouendi-Treves CR approximation theorem for Bloom-Graham model graphs with a polynomial growth assumption on their graphing functions.

     

Maximality theorems for Fréchet algebras

The algebra of unbounded holomorphic functions that is contained in the algebra is studied. For in but not in , we show that the algebra generated by and is dense in for all .

     

Hyperelliptic curves over of every -rank without extra automorphisms

We prove that for any pair of integers such that or 0$">, there exists a (hyper)elliptic curve over of genus and -rank whose automorphism group consists of only identity and the (hyper)elliptic involution. As an application, we prove the existence of principally polarized abelian varieties over of dimension and -rank such that .

     

Multiplicative bijections of

Let be a compact Hausdorff space which satisfies the first axiom of countability, let and let , be the set of all continuous functions from to If , ,is a bijective multiplicative map, then there exist a homeomorphism and a continuous map such that for all and for all

     

Real -flats tangent to quadrics in

Let and denote the dimension and the degree of the Grassmannian , respectively. For each there are (a priori complex) -planes in tangent to general quadratic hypersurfaces in . We show that this class of enumerative problems is fully real, i.e., for there exists a configuration of real quadrics in (affine) real space so that all the mutually tangent -flats are real.

     

The maximal ideal space of with respect to the Hadamard product

It is shown that the space of all regular maximal ideals in the Banach algebra with respect to the Hadamard product is isomorphic to The multiplicative functionals are exactly the evaluations at the -th Taylor coefficient. It is a consequence that for a given function in and for a function holomorphic in a neighborhood of with and for all the function is in

     

Lifts of - and -morphisms to -morphisms

Let be the Hochschild complex of cochains on and let be the space of multivector fields on . In this paper we prove that given any -structure (i.e. Gerstenhaber algebra up to homotopy structure) on , and any -morphism (i.e. morphism of a commutative, associative algebra up to homotopy) between and , there exists a -morphism between and that restricts to . We also show that any -morphism (i.e. morphism of a Lie algebra up to homotopy), in particular the one constructed by Kontsevich, can be deformed into a -morphism, using Tamarkin's method for any -structure on . We also show that any two of such -morphisms are homotopic.

     

Eigenvalues of scaling operators and a characterization of -splines

A finitely supported sequence that sums to defines a scaling operator on functions a transition operator on sequences and a unique compactly supported scaling function that satisfies normalized with It is shown that the eigenvalues of on the space of compactly supported square-integrable functions are a subset of the nonzero eigenvalues of the transition operator on the space of finitely supported sequences, and that the two sets of eigenvalues are equal if and only if the corresponding scaling function is a uniform -spline.