用于铯原子受激拉曼绝热输运过程的光源的产生

受激拉曼绝热输运(STIRAP)是一种有效制备和控制原子态的技术,在原子操控和量子信息中具有重要意义,最近几年得到广泛关注.研制用于特定原子的拉曼激光是实现该过程的重要一步.研究了利用光纤波导调制器及干涉滤波器等组成的系统实现用于铯原子STIRAP过程的光源的方法.通过直接调制高频光纤调制器获得正负一级边带,并利用两个...     

Three-Dimensional Quantum State Transferring Between Two Remote Atoms by Adiabatic Passage under Dissipation

Recently, Zhou et al. [Phys. Rev. A 79 (2009) 044304]proposed a scheme for transferring three-dimensional quantum statesbetween remote atomic qubits confined in cavities connected byfibers through adiabatic passage. In order to avoid the decoherencedue to spontaneous emission, Zhou et al. utilized the large detuningatom-field interaction. In the present paper, we discuss theinfluence of dissipation on the scheme in both the resonantatom-field interaction case and the large detuning case. Wenumerically analyze the success probability and the transferringfidelity. It is shown that the resonant case is a preferable choicefor the technique of the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP)due to the shorter operation time and the smaller probability of dissipation.     

Stable quantum interference enabled by coexisting detuned and resonant STIRAPs

Inspired by a recent experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 122 253201(2019)] that an unprecedented quantum interference was observed in the way of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP) due to the coexisting resonant-and detunedSTIRAPs, we comprehensively study this effect. Our results uncover the scheme robustness towards any external-field fluctuations coming from laser intensity noise and imperfect resonance condition, as well as the persistence of high-contrast interference pattern even when more nearby excited levels are involved. We verify that an auxiliary dynamical phase accumulated in hold time caused by the presence of the quasi-dark state in detuned-STIRAP can sensitively manipulate the visibility and frequency of the interference pattern, representing a new hallmark to measure the hyperfine energy accurately.The robust stability of the scheme comes from the intrinsic superiority embedded in the STIRAP mechanism that preserves the coherence of population transfer, which promises a remarkable performance of quantum interference in a practical implementation.     

原子-二聚物分子转化系统在受激拉曼绝热过程中的绝热保真度

从原子-二聚物分子转化系统的非U（1）对称性出发,将保真度的定义推广到了非线性系统.并利用绝热保真度定量地研究了原子-二聚物分子转化系统在受激拉曼绝热过程中的动力学和绝热性.研究发现,这个系统的相干布居俘获态——暗态的绝热保真度作为绝热参量的函数以幂律关系趋于1.这个函数关系与线性系统的绝热参量和绝热保真度的幂律关系非常相似,但该系统的幂指数要远小于线性系统的幂指数.此外,还进一步讨论了如何通过优化受激拉曼绝热过程的外部参量得到更高的绝热保真度,从而优化系统的绝热性,提高原子-分子转化效率. 关键词： 原子-二聚物分子转化系统 暗态 受激拉曼绝热过程 绝热保真度     

超冷原子-分子转化动力学：受激拉曼绝热过程

超冷分子是超冷原子分子物理领域的新的热点研究课题。分子具有更多的自由度,能级结构密集、复杂,直接激光冷却存在困难。目前,人们一般借助外场把超冷原子耦合获得超冷分子。受激拉曼绝热暗通道技术~(stimulated Raman adiabatic passage,STIRAP)作为其中一种非常有效地将超冷原子转化为超冷分子的方法已被广泛地研究。该文主要针对STIRAP过程中超冷原子-分子转化系统的动力学,绝热性、稳定性等理论研究的进展进行综述。     

Efficient Population Transfer in a Λ-Type Quantum System Coupled to a Gold Nanoparticle Using STIRAP Shortcuts

A theoretical investigation on the population transfer in a Λ-type quantum system near a spherical gold nanoparticle under application of two stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) shortcuts and efficiency comparison with conventional STIRAP. It combines the density matrix approach for system dynamics, with classical electromagnetic calculations used to obtain the modified electric field amplitudes of the applied pulses and the Purcell factor of the quantum system due to the presence of the nanoparticle. The efficiency of population transfer is investigated by varying the distance between the quantum system and the nanoparticle, the free-space decay rate of quantum states, the mutual polarization, and the Rabi frequencies of each STIRAP shortcut pulses. In all cases, at least one of the applied shortcuts is more efficient than conventional STIRAP, while in most cases both perform better. When the pump and Stokes fields of the shortcuts have radial and tangential polarizations with respect to the nanoparticle surface, respectively, high transfer efficiency is obtained for small distances of the quantum system to the nanoparticle, moderate free space decay rates and large Rabi frequencies of the fields, while when the pulse polarizations are interchanged, the transfer becomes highly efficient only at large distances.     

基于绝热快速通道控制原子布居数及其相干性的研究

本文在理论上研究了纳秒数量级内，运用绝热快速通道（ARP）来控制基态原子的相干性及 其布居数在不同能态间的转移.理论计算结果表明抽运激光脉冲相对斯托克斯（Stokes）脉 冲延迟时间的微小改变会导致原子相干性及其布居数的显著变化.运用密度矩阵方程和麦克 斯韦方程联合的自洽方程数值解，我们找到了实现原子最大相干性及其布居数在不同能态间 完全转移的条件. 关键词： 绝热快速通道 布居数 原子相干     

Geometrical representation of coherent tunneling process in two-waveguide and three-waveguide coupler

We propose an identical geometrical representation scheme for both Landau–Zener(LZ) tunneling process in twowaveguide coupler with a cubically bent structure and stimulated Raman adiabatic passage(STIRAP) in three-waveguide coupler, similar to the geometrical representation of sum frequency process. The results show that although the twowaveguide coupler with a cubically bent axis has not aperiodic structure, it acts as a chirped quasi-phase-matching(QPM)grating and corrects the relative phase between the two supermodes in the curved coupler system. We present a scheme about how to choose the parameters to design the curved beam splitter.     

实现粒子布居高效转移的两种激光脉冲时序方案的理论研究

基于最近实验工作的结果(2010 Nat.Phys.6 265)即Danzl等在五能级M型级联系统中分别利用连续型和四光子型受激拉曼绝热通道(stimulated Raman adiabatic passage,STIRAP)实现了将Feshbach态上弱束缚的Cs2有效转移到其振转基态,本文理论研究了两种STIRAP方案实施的基本条件,解析推导系统的准暗态、绝热参数的具体形式并分析其存在的必要性,详细讨论布居转移效率对相关参量的依赖关系.通过比较激光脉冲的时序、中间能级的失谐量和自发辐射率、光场脉冲的幅值等诸多参量的不同影响,讨论方案各自的优缺点,找到了参量优化的方法以实现最高效的粒子布居数转移.与前人的实验结果相比,本文研究表明,实验观测值(约0.60)均低于理论预估最佳值(约0.97)的主要原因是受限于激发态能级的自发辐射率过大.该理论方案还可用于制备量子纠缠态,在量子逻辑门操控、量子信息传输等领域都有潜在的应用.     

Generation of atomic entangled states in a bi-mode cavity via adiabatic passage

We propose schemes to prepare atomic entangled states in a bi-mode cavity via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) and fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (f-STIRAP) techniques. Our scheme should be realizable in the near future because of the existence of all experimental ingredients. Our numerical simulation shows we can entangle the atoms with high fidelities by choosing proper laser pulses.     

Three-Dimensional Quantum State Transferring Between Two Remote Atoms by Adiabatic Passage under Dissipation

Recently, Zhou et al. [Phys. Rev. A 79 （2009） 044304] proposed a scheme for transferring three-dimensional quantum states between remote atomic qubits confined in cavities connected by fibers through adiabatic passage. In order to avoid the decoherence due to spontaneous emission, Zhou et al. utilized the large detuning atom-field interaction. In the present paper, we discuss the influence of dissipation on the scheme in both the resonant atom-field interaction case and the large detuning case. We numerically analyze the success probability and the transferring fidelity. It is shown that the resonant case is a preferable choice for the technique of the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage （STIRAP） due to the shorter operation time and the smaller probability of dissipation.     

Bose-stimulated raman adiabatic passage in photoassociation

We analyze coherent two-color photoassociation of a Bose-Einstein condensate, focusing on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in free-bound-bound transitions from atoms to molecules. This problem raises an interest because STIRAP has been predicted to be absent in the nondegenerate case [Javanainen and Mackie, Phys. Rev. A 58, R789 (1998)]. Nevertheless, we find that Bose stimulation enhances the free-bound dipole matrix element for an atomic condensate, and photoassociative STIRAP turns out to be a viable mechanism for converting an atomic condensate to a molecular condensate with near-unit efficiency.     

Quantum state transfer via adiabatic passage

Based on adiabatic passage, we propose a scheme for implementing the quantum transfer of an unknown atomic state. In our scheme, we utilize photons for ideal quantum transmission between two cavities with the successful probability being about 1. Meanwhile, the scheme is robust against the effects of atomic spontaneous emission. It may be useful for transferring quantum information among spatially distant atoms.     

外场参数对超冷原子向异核三原子分子转化的影响

文章研究了利用双光子受激拉曼绝热暗通道技术实现超冷原子向异核三原子分子转化过程中,可控外场参量(包括拉比脉冲的强度,脉宽以及单光子失谐等)对系统绝热性和转化效率的影响. 结果发现,系统的转化效率随斯托克斯光强度的增大先减小,后振荡,最终趋于小于1的稳定值,而随抽运光强的增大先增大,然后很快趋于1,表明抽运光和斯托克斯光对超冷分子的形成具有不同的作用. 脉冲宽度既能决定最终转化效率的大小,也能反映达到稳定转化所需的时间. 单光子失谐为红失谐时,系统有比较高的稳定转化效率,而蓝失谐光脉冲则不利于超冷分子的形成. 另外,还讨论了超冷异核三原子分子转化系统在经历不同反应通道时绝热性和转化效率的差别. 关键词： 异核三原子分子 受激拉曼绝热暗通道 绝热参量 绝热保真度     

Direct implementation of a scalable non-local multi-qubit controlled phase gate via optical fibers and adiabatic passage

This paper presents a direct implementation scheme of the non-local multi-qubit controlled phase gate by using optical fibres and adiabatic passage. The smaller operation number for implementing the multi-qubit controlled phase gate and needlessness for addressing individually save physical resource and lower the difficulties of experiment. Mean- while, the scheme is immune from some decoherence effects such as the atomic spontaneous emission and fibre loss. In principle, it is scalable.     

Dynamical instability and adiabatic evolution of the atom--homonuclear--trimer dark state in a condensate system

This paper investigates the dynamical instability and adiabatic evolution of the atom--homonuclear--trimer dark state of a condensate system in a stimulated Raman adiabatic passage aided by Feshbach resonance. It obtains analytically the regions for the appearance of dynamical instability caused by the interparticle interactions. Moreover, the adiabatic property of the dark state is also studied in terms of a newly defined adiabatic fidelity. It shows that the nonlinear collisions have a negative effect on the adiabaticity of the dark state and hence reduce the conversion efficiency.     

Coherent optical transfer of Feshbach molecules to a lower vibrational state

Using the technique of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) we have coherently transferred ultracold (87)Rb(2) Feshbach molecules into a more deeply bound vibrational quantum level. Our measurements indicate a high transfer efficiency of up to 87%. Because the molecules are held in an optical lattice with not more than a single molecule per lattice site, inelastic collisions between the molecules are suppressed and we observe long molecular lifetimes of about 1 s. Using STIRAP we have created quantum superpositions of the two molecular states and tested their coherence interferometrically. These results represent an important step towards Bose-Einstein condensation of molecules in the vibrational ground state.     

Implementing entanglement teleportation via adiabatic passage

This paper proposes a scheme for implementing teleportation of an entangled state of two trapped atoms through adiabatic passage and photonic interference. The scheme is robust against certain noise such as atomic spontaneous emission and the detector inefficiency.     

Robust generation of qutrit entanglement via adiabatic passage of dark states

We propose a scheme for the deterministic generation of qutrit entanglement for two atoms trapped in an optical cavity. Taking advantage of the adiabatic passage, the operation is immune to atomic spontaneous emission as the atomic excited states are never populated; under certain conditions, the probability that the cavity is excited is negligible. We also study the influences of the dissipation due to the atomic spontaneous emission and cavity decay.     

运用“部分受激拉曼绝热通道”制备串行Λ系统相干叠加态

讨论了在串行Λ系统中制备初态和末态的连续叠加态的方法,这种方法是部分受激拉曼绝热通道的扩充.但是它又不同于部分受激拉曼绝热通道,每个斯托克斯脉冲先行相应的泵浦脉冲,但是所有的中间脉冲提前并且同时消失,而第一束斯托克斯脉冲和最后一束泵浦脉冲稍后同时消失.应用数值方法讨论了脉冲驰豫时间和失谐量对该方法的影响.数值结果表明要制备任意的叠加态,不仅要满足双光子共振,而且要满足单光子共振.