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1.
Background
Adenylation of nicotinate mononucleotide to nicotinate adenine dinucleotide is the penultimate step in NAD+ synthesis. In Escherichia coli, the enzyme nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase is encoded by the nadD gene. We have earlier made an initial characterization in vivo of two mutant enzymes, NadD72 and NadD74. Strains with either mutation have decreased intracellular levels of NAD+, especially for one of the alleles, nadD72. 相似文献2.
A. V. Lezov G. E. Polushina A. A. Lezov P. S. Vlasov N. S. Domnina 《Polymer Science Series A》2011,53(2):93-101
The hydrodynamic and conformational properties of molecules of poly(N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride) and N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride-maleic acid copolymers of different compositions in solutions with various ionic-strength and pH
values, as well as of the polyelectrolyte complex based on the copolymer with dodecyl sulfate anions in chloroform, are studied.
For poly(N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride) molecules in a 1 M NaCl solution, the Kuhn segment length and the hydrodynamic diameter of the
chain are estimated as A = 3.9 nm and d = 0.48 nm, respectively. In acidic solutions with pH 3.5, the copolymers demonstrate behavior typical for polyelectrolytes.
In an alkaline solution with pH 13, when 1 M NaCl is added to the solution of the copolymer containing 29 mol % maleic acid
units, there is an antipolyelectrolyte effect that manifests itself as an increase in the intrinsic viscosity of the copolymer
and in the hydrodynamic radius of its molecules. It is found that an increase in the fraction of maleic acid units in the
copolymer from 12 to 42 mol % brings about a reduction in the equilibrium rigidity of its macromolecules from 4.1 to 2.2 nm.
The equilibrium rigidity of polyelectrolyte-complex molecules is higher than that of initial copolymer molecules owing to
steric interactions arising between the aliphatic chains of dodecyl sulfate anions. In an electric field, the molecules of
the complex are oriented owing to the induced dipole moment resulting from the displacement of dodecyl sulfate anions along
the chain contour. 相似文献
3.
Escherichia coli strains expressing the O-glucosyltransferases UGT73B3 or UGT84B1 were compared for the production of glucosides from quercetin supplied into a defined medium. The formation of quercetin-3-glucoside (Q3G) by UGT73B3 showed a maximum at 33 °C, while the formation of quercetin-7-glucoside by UGT84B1 increased with increasing temperature to 37 °C. The highest concentrations of Q3G were attained by strains having a deletion in the pgi gene-coding phosphoglucose isomerase, which effectively blocked the entry of glucose-6P into the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway. Formation of Q3G was improved in 1-L controlled bioreactors compared to shake flask cultures, a result attributed to the greater oxygen transfer rate in bioreactors. Under batch conditions with 30 g/L glucose as the sole carbon source, E. coli MEC367 (MG1655 pgi) expressing UGT73B3 generated 3.9 g/L Q3G in 56 h. 相似文献
4.
A. I. Vorob’eva M. S. Babaev L. V. Spirikhin N. M. Shishlov S. V. Kolesov 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2016,89(1):160-164
A copolymer of N,N-diallyl-N,N-dimethylammonium chloride with maleic acid of constant composition was prepared under the conditions of radical initiation. The possibility of the functionalization of the copolymer with drugs containing amino groups by polymer-analogous transformations was examined. Conditions were found for preparing conjugates of the copolymer with isoniazid. The structures and the quantitative compositions of the conjugates were determined by 13С NMR spectroscopy, and the possibility of preparing conjugates with controlled drug content was demonstrated. 相似文献
5.
Natividad Lago Rivero José L. Legido Soto Lidia M. Casás Isaac Arias Santos 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2012,108(2):665-670
Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive bacteria, considered one of the most common causes of nosocomial infections. Bacterial cultures produce
an exchange of energy as a result of the bacteria metabolisms. The rate of heat production is an adequate measure of the metabolic
activity of the organisms and their constituent parts. Microorganisms produce small amounts of heat: 1–3 pW per cell. Although
the heat produced by bacteria is very small, their exponential reproduction in a culture medium permits heat detection through
microcalorimetry. In this study, we analyzed the microcalorimetric behavior of Enterococcus faecalis. A thermal Calvet microcalorimeter was used. The inside of the calorimeter contains two stainless steel cells (experimental
and reference). Experiments were carried out at final concentrations of 106,105,103, and 10 CFU/mL and a constant temperature of 309.65 K was maintained within the microcalorimeter. Recording the difference
in calorific potential over time we obtained E. faecalis’s growth curves. Thermograms were analyzed mathematically allowing us to calculate the constant growth, generation time and
the amount of heat exchanged over the culture time. 相似文献
6.
Farshad Sohbatzadeh Abasalt Hosseinzadeh Colagar Saeed Mirzanejhad Somayeh Mahmodi 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2010,160(7):1978-1984
We developed and employed a new geometrical structure of dielectric barrier discharge in atmospheric pressure for bacterial
broad spectrum sterilization. We utilized a plasma source having an AC power supply at 50 HZ and 5,400 V (rms value). We prepared
suspensions of the Gram-negative bacteria species (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a Gram-positive of Bacillus cereus with Luria–Bertani broth media up to OD600 nm = 0.25 of McFarland standard. Afterglow of non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma treated these suspensions. The influence
of the atmospheric plasma afterglow on the species was assayed in different time durations 5, 10, and 15 min. The spectroscopic
results of this investigation indicated that the survival reduction of the species can reach to 100% for P. aeruginosa in an exposure time of 10 min, E. coli and B. cereus in an exposure time of 15 min. 相似文献
7.
Everley RA Mott TM Wyatt SA Toney DM Croley TR 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2008,19(11):1621-1628
Liquid chromatography/quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC/QTOF MS) utilizing electrospray ionization was employed
to monitor protein expression in Escherichia coli and Shigella organisms. Comparison with MALDI/TOF-MS revealed more proteins, particularly above 15 kDa. A combination of automated charge
state deconvolution, spectral mirroring, and spectral subtraction was used to reveal subtle differences in the LC/MS data.
Reproducible intact protein biomarker candidates were discovered based on their unique mass, retention time, and relative
intensity. These marker candidates were implemented to differentiate closely related strain types, (e.g., two distinct isolates
of E. coli O157:H7) and to correctly identify unknown pathogens. This LC/MS approach is less labor-intensive than pulsed-field gel electrophoresis,
affords greater specificity than real-time PCR, and requires no primers or antibodies. Additionally, this approach would be
beneficial during outbreaks of foodborne disease or bioterrorism investigations by complementing methods typically used in
diagnostic microbiology laboratories. 相似文献
8.
Tatsuya Kato Suparmin Ahmad Enoch Y. Park 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2017,182(4):1307-1317
Cordyceps militaris produces cordycepin (3′-deoxyadenosine), which has various activities, including anti-oxidant, anti-tumoral, anti-viral, and anti-inflammatory. Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) seems to be a candidate to produce cordycepin in C. militaris because RNR catalyzes the reduction of nucleotides to 2′-deoxynucleotides, whose structures are similar to that of cordycepin. However, the role of RNR has not been confirmed yet. In this study, complementary DNAs (cDNAs) of C. militaris RNR (CmRNR) large and small subunits (CmR1 and CmR2) were cloned from C. militaris NBRC9787 to investigate the function of CmRNR for its cordycepin production. C. militaris NBRC9787 began to produce cordycepin when grown in a liquid surface culture in medium composed of glucose and yeast extract for 15 days. CmR1 cDNA and CmR2 cDNA were obtained from its genomic DNA and from total RNA extracted from its mycelia after cultivation for 21 days, respectively. Recombinant CmR1 and CmR2 were expressed individually in Escherichia coli and purified. Purified recombinant CmR1 and CmR2 showed RNR activity toward adenosine diphosphate (ADP) only when two subunits were mixed but only show the reduction of ADP to 2′-deoxyADP. These results indicate that the pathway from ADP to 3′deoxyADP via CmRNR does not exist in C. militaris and cordycepin production in C. militaris may be mediated by other enzymes. 相似文献
9.
10.
L. N. Yang Li Xian Sun Fen Xu J. Zhang J. N. Zhao Z. B. Zhao C. G. Song R. H. Wu Riko Ozao 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2010,100(2):589-592
The microcalorimetric method has been used to study the effects of cefpiramide and ceftizoxime sodium on the E. coli growth. The results revealed that these two cephalosporins may alter the metabolic way of the E. coli. Moreover, the lethal doses of cefpiramide and ceftizoxime sodium are 2.000 and 0.2000 μg mL−1, respectively. Combining with the relationships between growth rate constant (k), the maximum power output (P
m
), the time corresponding to the maximum power output (t
m
) and cephalosporins concentration (C), one can draw the conclusion that the ceftizoxime sodium has a stronger inhibition effects on the growth of E. coli than that of cefpiramide and they both have the possibility to induce the drug fever. 相似文献
11.
12.
A. N. Kalenchuk V. I. Bogdan S. E. Bogorodskii L. M. Kustov 《Kinetics and Catalysis》2016,57(2):219-223
The kinetics of the dehydrogenation of the individual ortho, meta, and para isomers of perhydroterphenyl and their mixtures over a (3 wt % Pt)/C catalyst has been investigated in a flow reactor at 280–340°C. The rate of the isomerization of the stereoisomers of the initial substrate (perhydroterphenyl) and terphenyl dehydrogenation products has an effect on the hydrogen release kinetics. The highest reactivity in isomerization is shown by the ortho isomer. The largest amount of hydrogen (7.0 wt %) is released in the dehy-drogenation of perhydro-meta-terphenyl and perhydro-para-terphenyl, whose conversion at 320°C is 96%. 相似文献
13.
Chen N Huang J Feng ZB Yu L Xu QY Wen TY 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2009,158(3):595-604
In this study, the fed-batch fermentation technique was applied to improve the yield of l-threonine produced by Escherichia coli TRFC. Various fermentation substrates and conditions were investigated to identify the optimal carbon source, its concentration
and C/N ratio in the production of l-threonine. Sucrose was found to be the optimal initial carbon source and its optimal concentration was determined to be 70 g/L
based on the results of fermentations conducted in a 5-L jar fermentor using a series of fed-batch cultures of E. coli TRFC. The effects of glucose concentration and three different feeding methods on the production of l-threonine were also investigated in this work. Our results showed that the production of l-threonine by E. coli was enhanced when glucose concentration varied between 5 and 20 g/L with DO-control pulse fed-batch method. Furthermore,
the C/N ratio was a more predominant factor than nitrogen concentration for l-threonine overproduction and the optimal ratio of ammonium sulfate to sucrose (g/g) was 30. Under the optimal conditions, a final l-threonine concentration of 118 g/L was achieved after 38 h with the productivity of 3.1 g/L/h (46% conversion ratio from
glucose to threonine). 相似文献
14.
R. N. Shakhmaev A. Sh. Sunagatullina D. A. Akimova V. V. Zorin 《Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry》2017,53(4):615-617
An efficient synthetic approach to 2E,4E and 2E,4Z isomers of ethyl 5-chloropenta-2,4-dienoate has been developed on the basis of one-pot oxidation–olefination of readily accessible (E)- and (Z)-3-chloroprop-2-en-1-ols by the action of barium manganate and ethyl (triphenyl-λ5-phosphanylidene)acetate. 相似文献
15.
O. G. Strukov V. B. Kondrat’ev Z. V. Vlasova V. A. Petrunin 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2017,91(1):100-105
Conformers of the biologically active compounds CH3P(O)(OR)(SCH2CH2NR 2 ′ ), where (I) R = i-C4H9, R′ = C2H5 and (II) R = C2H5, R′ = i-C3H7, are calculated within the AM1 level of theory. The elongated and twisted forms with maximum and minimum distances between a nitrogen atom and those of a phosphorus tetrahedron, respectively, and bearing a syn and anti oriented alkoxy group relative to a phosphoryl oxygen, are studied. It is found that the differences between the energy, electronic, and geometric parameters of these forms are apparent in differences between their properties, e.g., the ability to participate in complexation and protonation, reactions that to some extent simulate the interaction between a substance and a biological object. 相似文献
16.
A. V. Kustov N. L. Smirnova 《Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry》2016,90(9):1778-1781
The heats of dissolution of decane and benzene in a model system of octanol-1 (OctOH) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 308 K are measured using a variable temperature calorimeter equipped with an isothermal shell. Standard enthalpies are determined and standard heat capacities of dissolution in the temperature range of 298–318 K are calculated using data obtained in [1, 2]. The state of hydrocarbon molecules in a binary mixture is studied in terms of the enhanced coordination model (ECM). Benzene is shown to be preferentially solvated by DMF over the range of physiological temperatures. The solvation shell of decane is found to be strongly enriched with 1-octanol. It is obvious that although both hydrocarbons are nonpolar, the presence of the aromatic π-system in benzene leads to drastic differences in their solvation in a lipid–protein medium. 相似文献
17.
T. F. Ibragimov M. G. Levkovich V. A. Saprykina Kh. M. Shakhidoyatov 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》2010,46(5):767-770
N-Chloroacetylcytisine was synthesized by acylation of (–)-cytisine. Stable Z- and E-conformers with respect to rotational isomerism around the N-12–CO bond were found in PMR spectra at room temperature. The
point at which PMR resonances of the Z- and E-conformers coalesced upon heating was measured. The transition barrier between the conformers was estimated. 相似文献
18.
I. E. Efremova M. I. Vakulenko K. A. Lysenko I. S. Bushmarinov L. V. Lapshina G. A. Berkova V. M. Berestovitskaya 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2010,80(11):2298-2305
A modification of 1-nitrocyclohexene synthesis is proposed; its reaction with phenylhydrazine and benzoic acid hydrazide is
shown to afford monoadducts, and with hydrazine hydrate, bisaduct. With diphenylguanidine occurs heterocyclization to 1-phenyl-2-N-phenylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzimidazole, whose structure is confirmed by the X-ray diffraction data. The analysis performed
for this compound of the electron density distribution function in the crystal made it possible to estimate the charge distribution,
π-electrons delocalization nature, and the role of N-H…N, C-H…H-C and C-H…C interactions in the formation of the crystal packing. 相似文献
19.
Due to great interest on producing bioactive compounds for functional foods and biopharmaceuticals, it is important to explore the microbial degradation of potential sources of target biomolecules. Gallotannins are polyphenols present in nature, an example of them is tannic acid which is susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis. This hydrolysis is performed by tannase or tannin acyl hydrolase, releasing in this way, biomolecules with high-added value. In the present study, chemical profiles obtained after fungal degradation of tannic acid under two bioprocesses (submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF)) were determined. In both fermentation systems (SmF and SSF), Aspergillus niger GH1 strain and tannic acid as a sole carbon source and inducer were used (the presence of tannic acid promotes production of enzyme tannase). In case of SSF, polyurethane foam (PUF) was used like as support of fermentation; culture medium only was used in case of submerged fermentation. Fermentation processes were monitored during 72 h; samples were taken kinetically every 8 h; and all extracts obtained were partially purified to obtain polyphenolic fraction and then were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Molecules like gallic acid and n-galloyl glucose were identified as intermediates in degradation of tannic acid; during SSF was identified ellagic acid production. The results obtained in this study will contribute to biotechnological production of ellagic acid. 相似文献
20.
Han Seung Chae Kong-Hwan Kim Sun Chang Kim Pyung Cheon Lee 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2010,162(8):2333-2344
Seven Escherichia coli strains, which were metabolically engineered with carotenoid biosynthetic pathways, were systematically compared in order
to investigate the strain-specific formation of carotenoids of structural diversity. C30 acyclic carotenoids, diaponeurosporene
and diapolycopene were well produced in all E. coli strains tested. However, the C30 monocyclic diapotorulene formation was strongly strain dependent. Reduced diapotorulene
formation was observed in the E. coli strain Top10, MG1655, and MDS42 while better formation was observed in the E. coli strain JM109, SURE, DH5a, and XL1-Blue. Interestingly, C40 carotenoids, which have longer backbones than C30 carotenoids,
also showed strain dependency as C30 diapotorulene did. Quantitative analysis showed that the SURE strain was the best producer
for C40 acyclic lycopene, C40 dicyclic β-carotene, and C30 monocyclic diapotorulene. Of the seven strains examined, the highest
volumetric productivity for most of the carotenoids structures was observed in the recombinant SURE strain. In conclusion,
we showed that recombinant hosts and carotenoid structures influenced carotenoid productions significantly, and this information
can serve as the basis for the subsequent development of microorganisms for carotenoids of interest. 相似文献