基于Hough变换的椭圆检测算法

为了实现光电仪器对椭圆形目标的准确识别与跟踪,基于Hough变换提出了一种新的椭圆检测算法。该算法随机采样2点,再利用椭圆极和极弦的性质来搜索第3点并筛除大量无效采样;然后,以这3点为中心作正方形窗口,用窗口内的所有点来拟合椭圆方程。在验证候选椭圆时,提出了一种新方法来判断边缘点是否在椭圆上,并且给出了确定真实椭圆的自适应阈值。实验显示,该算法的平均长度误差为0．5pixel,平均角度误差为0．6°,平均耗时为79ms,表明该算法精度高,速度快,检测性能较好。     

一种改进的基于Hough变换的道路图像检测方法

传统的Hough变换检测方法由于计算量大、实时性差以及受图像噪声影响较大等缺点,不能较为准确地进行实际道路的检测。鉴于此,提出了一种改进的基于Hough变换的道路图像检测方法。该方法在对实际道路形态建模分析的基础上,针对有/无路面标识以及存在其他干扰因素的结构化道路,均能有效剔除实际道路图像中的干扰因素并准确检测出道路边缘,且检测时间均在200 ms以内。     

Efficient randomized Hough transform for circle detection using novel probability sampling and feature points

This paper presents an efficient randomized Hough transform algorithm for circle detection. It optimizes the methods for determining sample points and finding candidate circles. Due to these two optimizations, sampling validity is improved and many false circles are prevented from being regarded as candidate circles. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm, which features a strong robustness and high resolution, can dramatically speed up circle detection as compared to other algorithms. It can also be applied to detect ellipses.     

基于改进Hough变换的井盖目标检测与定位

市政井盖的实时告失对城市管理具有重大意义。针对图像的复杂背景,提出了改进的Hough变换算法。在经边缘提取的二值图上,利用轮廓跟踪找到所有的轮廓,接下来设计轮廓过滤器排除虚假目标,进而在轮廓链表上进行Hough变换从而确定目标可能出现的区域,最终获得准确的井盖区域定位。该方案有效地提高了传统Hough变换的处理速度,减少了无效采样和累积。实验结果表明,该算法在多种复杂背景、不同视角、不同拍摄时间和条件、目标被部分遮挡等情况下都有很好的定位效果。     

基于Hough变换的金刚石颗粒测量方法研究

针对金刚石颗粒图像分析时的颗粒边缘非闭合性问题,本文提出了一种基于Hough变换的金刚石颗粒测量新方法。该方法首先对图像进行形态学去噪、平滑滤波和Canny边缘检测等预处理,得到金刚石颗粒图像的初始边缘曲线,然后采用Hough变换提取边缘曲线的直线特征,并通过极径和极角对多个直线特征进行判断和图形识别,得到确定的金刚石颗粒边缘轮廓,最后对得到的边缘轮廓进行拟合,测量出金刚石颗粒的粒径、椭圆度和圆度等参数大小。该方法在VC+ 环境下,用OpenCV编程技术对其进行了实验验证,结果表明：该方法可以准确快速地测量出金刚石颗粒特征参数,为金刚石颗粒的等级评定提供了技术支持。     

一种可识别破碎图形的特殊广义Hough变换方法

提出了一种与现有广义Hough变换(GHT)不同的识别破碎图形的方法.称为特殊广义Hough变换(SGHT)方法.该方法在参数表制作阶段和识别阶段，都与现有GHT方法不同.理论分析和实验的结果表明，采用SGHT方法， 可以解决常规GHT方法难以识别破碎图形的困难，且有很高的配准精度和速度，既可用于破碎图形的识别也可用于非破碎图形的识别，具有普适、快速和准确的特点. 关键词： 特殊广义Hough变换 广义Hough变换 参数表 8邻域     

Human eye localization using the modified Hough transform

The precise localization of parts of a human face such as mouth, nose or eyes is important for their image understanding and recognition. The developed successful computer method of eyes and eyelids localization using the modified Hough transform is presented in this paper. The efficiency of this method was tested on two publicly available face images databases and one private face images database with the location correctness better than 96% for a single eye or eyelid and 92% for eye and eyelid couples.     

利用广义霍夫变换对相交目标进行轨迹预测

提出一种广义霍夫变换方法对相交目标进行轨迹预测,该方法利用概率分布原理,在参数空间中寻找点分布最集中的区域,以确定目标轨迹二次曲线方程的系数。为了提高搜索速度,提出采用投影法定位二次曲线方程的系数,从而使该方法满足实时性要求。该方法抗噪性强,克服了最小二乘轨迹预测法对噪声敏感的缺点。实验中采用最小二乘法和广义霍夫变换对相交目标进行轨迹预测,目标分离时正确匹配率分别为87.5%和95%。     

基于Hough变换的高精度机器视觉对准系统的研究

随着集成电路特征尺寸的不断减小,I/O引脚数日益增加。对于高密度封装,尤其是2.5D/3D封装中,电子元件和基底快速而准确的对准十分关键。利用高性能CCD搭建了一套精密的光学视觉对准系统,并采用Hough变换算法对芯片和基底进行对准试验。采集的图像经过去噪预处理后采用形态学边缘检测方法提取对齐标记,并通过Hough变换得到4组平行直线,然后计算基底的位移和旋转角度并完成对准。使用Matlab编程配准,程序运行时间约为4.2 s,旋转参数的误差小于1.2°,x和y轴的平移误差均小于1 pixel。试验结果表明基于Hough变换算法的光学视觉对准系统可以快速而精确地实现芯片和基底对准,满足IC封装需求。     

Principal curvature for infrared small target detection

Small target detection in infrared image with complex background and low signal–noise ratio is an important and difficult task in the infrared target tracking system. In this paper, a principal curvature-based method is proposed. The principal curvatures of target pixels are negative and their absolute values are larger than that of background pixels and noise pixels in a Gaussian-blurred infrared image. The proposed filter takes a composite function of the curvatures for detection. An approximate model is also built for optimizing the parameters. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective and adaptable for infrared small target detection in complex background. Compared with several popular methods, the proposed algorithm demonstrates significant improvement on detection performance in terms of the parameters of signal clutter ratio gain, background suppression factor and ROC.     

基于相位一致性和Hough变换的多源图像配准方法

由于红外图像与可见光图像对比度不同,常用基于梯度幅值的特征匹配方法难以正确配准。在分析红外图像与可见光图像成像机制的基础上,提出了一种结合相位一致性边缘检测与Hough变换的多源图像配准新方法。该算法首先采用高通滤波和平台直方图均衡方法对红外图像进行预处理以提高红外图像的对比度,再利用具有图像对比度不变性的相位一致性边缘检测法提取两幅图像的边缘,结合Hough变换选取图像空间中最长的线作为特征,采用改进相位相关法作为相似性度量,在对数极坐标域下计算出两幅图像的几何变形参数。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能够以较高查准率实现红外与可见光图像自动配准,并具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于相位一致性和Hough变换的多源图像配准方法

由于红外图像与可见光图像对比度不同,常用基于梯度幅值的特征匹配方法难以正确配准。在分析红外图像与可见光图像成像机制的基础上,提出了一种结合相位一致性边缘检测与Hough变换的多源图像配准新方法。该算法首先采用高通滤波和平台直方图均衡方法对红外图像进行预处理以提高红外图像的对比度,再利用具有图像对比度不变性的相位一致性边缘检测法提取两幅图像的边缘,结合Hough变换选取图像空间中最长的线作为特征,采用改进相位相关法作为相似性度量,在对数极坐标域下计算出两幅图像的几何变形参数。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能够以较高查准率实现红外与可见光图像自动配准,并具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Fourier transform detection system for rotating-analyzer ellipsometers

An ellipsometry technique, based upon on-line Fourier analysis of the transmitted light intensity of a rotating-analyzer ellipsometer by means of a minicomputer, is presented and discussed. In addition to permitting great data processing flexibility, the method circumvents many difficulties inherent in present analog systems and enables much higher precision to be obtained.     

一种直线检测的尺蠖蠕行算法

从仿生学的角度提出了一种新的直线检测的尺蠖蠕行算法(cankerworm crawlalgorithm)。该算法首先根据梯度方向将边缘像素集合划分成为具有一定梯度范围的子集,然后采用蠕行策略在独立的边缘点的子集内进行直线提取。理论分析和实验结果证明:该方法大大减小了直线特征提取的复杂度,并且具有较好的直线检测效果。     

Estimation of red blood cell aggregate velocity during sedimentation using the Hough transform

A method for velocity estimation of sedimenting three-dimensional (3D) red blood cell (RBC) aggregates by means of an image processing technique is proposed. Successive images of RBC suspension near the wall of a container reveal rouleaux formation, sedimentation of 3D RBC aggregates and formation of the deposit of the cells. Plots of the position versus time for the 3D RBC aggregates were extracted by a processing of successive images of the suspension. The plots exhibit a quasi-linear structures in noisy background. With the use of the Hough transform the detection of the slope of the structures was performed and the velocity of the aggregates was estimated. To show the potential of the method spatio-temporal dependence of the aggregate velocity is presented for RBCs in plasma, RBCs in Dextran and for hardened cells at haematocrit 5%.     

基于改进的概率Hough变换的转鼓装校技术研究

为解决裂隙灯转鼓装校时人眼对转鼓图像中的十字叉丝的中心距离计算存在的不确定性问题,提出一种基于改进的概率Hough变换的转鼓数字化装校技术。通过对原图像预处理、改进概率Hough直线检测、制定直线交点筛选规则,实现了高精度的转鼓图像十字叉丝直线检测和叉丝中心距离计算。实验表明,改进的概率Hough变换能够准确地检测图像中的十字叉丝,并将多余直线100%拟合成4条直线;利用交点筛选规则可以准确筛选出2个有效交点。该装校技术能够实现转鼓数字化装校,以数字信息来提示工人转鼓装校优劣,且能够满足转鼓生产线上的实际需求。     

Tensor Fukunaga-Koontz transform for small target detection in infrared images

Infrared small targets detection plays a crucial role in warning and tracking systems. Some novel methods based on pattern recognition technology catch much attention from researchers. However, those classic methods must reshape images into vectors with the high dimensionality. Moreover, vectorizing breaks the natural structure and correlations in the image data. Image representation based on tensor treats images as matrices and can hold the natural structure and correlation information. So tensor algorithms have better classification performance than vector algorithms. Fukunaga-Koontz transform is one of classification algorithms and it is a vector version method with the disadvantage of all vector algorithms. In this paper, we first extended the Fukunaga-Koontz transform into its tensor version, tensor Fukunaga-Koontz transform. Then we designed a method based on tensor Fukunaga-Koontz transform for detecting targets and used it to detect small targets in infrared images. The experimental results, comparison through signal-to-clutter, signal-to-clutter gain and background suppression factor, have validated the advantage of the target detection based on the tensor Fukunaga-Koontz transform over that based on the Fukunaga-Koontz transform.     

Phase-unwrapping algorithm combined with wavelet transform and Hilbert transform in self-mixing interference for individual microscale particle detection

The self-mixing interferometry(SMI) technique is an emerging sensing technology in microscale particle classification.However,due to the nature of the SMI effect raised by a microscattering particle,the signal analysis suffers from many problems compared with a macro target,such as lower signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),short transit time,and time-varying modulation strength.Therefore,the particle sizing measurement resolution is much lower than the one in typical displacement measurements.To solve th...     

一种新的不规则直线段识别方法

在立式风洞飞机尾旋运动姿态测量实验中,由于拍摄角度以及光照等原因,飞机表面直线段标识成像不是十分规则,直线段特征难于识别。对此,提出了一种新的不规则直线段识别方法。该方法利用一定尺寸的模板窗口沿直线段移动,根据模板中心的移动轨迹判断检测结果。模板的移动以检测窗口质心对中心的偏移量为动力,以检测窗口有效像素百分比、线段延伸方向和移动步数等参数为控制检测结果。该方法的检测过程类似于小球滚过宽度相当的凹槽,故又称为基于滚球原理的直线段检测方法。实验证明,该方法具有较好的稳定性,对直线段的变形来说具有一定的容错性,对检测参数的调整来说可控制检测对象的宽度和直线段不规则性的允许程度,无论是对仿真图像还是对实测图像中的直线段特征都具有较好的检测结果。