X射线荧光光谱(XRF)法测定喀斯特地区土壤样品中Al2O3、CaO、Fe2O3、K2O、MgO、SiO2含量

为揭示喀斯特地区不同自然环境下土壤的相似性和差异性,为后续喀斯特石漠化治理和植被恢复提供科学依据,本文利用微晶纤维素作为粘结剂黏结剂,采用粉末样品压片制样,使用波长色散X射线荧光光谱仪建立了同时测定喀斯特地区碳酸盐、硅酸盐土壤样品中关键元素Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃、K₂O、MgO、SiO₂含量的方法。从黏结剂对压片效果的影响、探讨了黏结剂添加比例对元素含量检测结果的影响、Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃、K₂O、MgO、SiO₂的测量条件参数,确定了分析线、分析晶体、基体效应和谱线重叠干扰等方面进行了方法参数确认。根据优化的参数,使用49个土壤标准物质绘制校准曲线建立了检测方法。结果表明,利用新建方法进行Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃、K₂O、MgO、SiO₂元素检测,检出限多在61.0 mg/kg 以下,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为0.00 %~3.74 %,同时,利用新建方法对采自喀斯特地区不同类型的土壤样品进行检测,Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃、K₂O、MgO、SiO₂均可被检出。此方法具有操作简便、快速、准确的优点,可同时检测喀斯特地区碳酸盐、硅酸盐土壤样品中Al₂O₃、CaO、Fe₂O₃、K₂O、MgO、SiO₂元素含量。     

K4H2.2PTi1.60W10.40O40·13H2O的合成、表征、晶体结构及抗菌活性

Na₂WO₄·2H₂O与NaH₂PO₄及TiCl₄在常规条件下反应合成Keggin型钨钛磷酸钾K₄H_2.2PTi_1.60W_10.40O₄₀·13H₂O(1)，并通过元素分析,IR,UV，X-ray单晶衍射表征。化合物1晶体属于四方晶系，P4/mnc空间群，a=1.415 8(2) nm，b=1.415 8(2) nm，c=1.244 9(3) nm，V=2.495 5(7) nm³，Z=2，R₁=0.058 3，wR₂=0.144 7。该晶体沿a轴方向晶胞堆积有一截面为0.72 nm × 0.62 nm的孔道，水分子填充在孔道内。¹⁸³W NMR谱表明多阴离子在溶液中主要以C₂对称性的异构体存在。该化合物对绿脓杆菌和β-溶血链球菌有较强的抑制活性。     

四核簇离子S42+、Se42+、Te42+、Bi42-、Sn42-和Ge42-的电子结构与化学键

本文用EHMO法计算四核簇离子S_4~(2+)、Se_4~(2+)、Te_4~(2+)、Bi_4~(2-)、Sn_4~(2-)和Ge_4~(2-)的电子结构。讨论了平面正四边形S_4~(2+)、Se_4~(2+)、Te_4~(2+)和Bi_4~(2-)簇离子与蝴蝶形四核原子簇在成键性质上的不同。比较Sn_4~(2-)、Ge_4~(2-)簇离子与P_4、As_4原子簇电子结构的差别,分析Sn_4~(2-)和Ge_4~(2-)稳定性较差的原因。     

偏硼酸锂碱熔-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定透辉石中的SiO2、CaO、MgO、Al2O3、Fe2O3

采用偏硼酸锂熔样,电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)内标法同时测定透辉石中的SiO_2、CaO、MgO、Al_2O_3、Fe_2O_3.选择合适的分析谱线,采用基体匹配和背景校正等方式有效消除了测定的干扰.试验结果表明,方法各组分的相关系数良好(r≥0.999 5),检出限分别为0.061%(SiO_2)、0.039%(CaO)、0.024%(MgO)、0.011%(Al_2O_3)、0.009%(Fe_2O_3),精密度高(RSD5%),回收率为99.0%~101.8%.所建方法应用于透辉石实际样品的测定,结果与外检实验室化学分析方法的测定结果基本一致.     

Cu、Mn、Ce改性V2O5-WO3/TiO2/堇青石催化剂Urea-SCR脱除NO

采用硅胶为黏结剂,在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷上以涂覆法依次负载Cu、Mn、Ce改性的纳米TiO₂粉末、W改性的V₂O₅粉末得到复合催化剂,在120～550 ℃用尿素选择性催化还原(Urea-SCR)氮氧化物时显示良好活性。与商业催化剂V₂O₅-WO₃/TiO₂相比,添加Cu、Mn、Ce后,催化剂脱硝活性显著提高,活性温度窗口明显拓宽。结果表明,催化剂的高活性与催化剂表面适度的酸碱性、高比值的V⁴⁺/V⁵⁺以及良好的氧化还原性能和锐钛矿相的TiO₂、丰富的表面裂纹的存在等因素有关。     

(NH2CH2CH2NH3)4[WⅤO2(OC6H4O)2]2(NH3CH2CH2NH3)·H2O的合成、晶体结构、EPR以及与同构物的比较

Cis-dioxo-catecholatotungsten(Ⅴ) complex (NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₃)₄[W^ⅤO₂(OC₆H₄O)₂]₂(NH₃CH₂CH₂NH₃)·H₂O (1) was synthesized at room temperature by the reaction of tetrabutyl ammonium decatungstate with catechol in the mixed solvent of CH₃OH, CH₃CN and NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₂. The crystal structure of complex was determined by X-ray diffraction structural analysis. The results show that complex belongs to monoclinic system with space group P2₁/c,a=0.712 8(3) nm, b=3.082 3(11) nm, c=0.982 8(4) nm, β=102.639(6)°, V=2.106 8(14) nm³, Z=2, R₁=0.062 8, wR₂=0.183 7. Compared the complex with its analogous complexes (NH₂CH₂CH₂NH₃)₃[Mo^ⅤO₂(OC₆H₄O)₂], it is found that the coordination structure of W have no changes in the processing of electron transfer of tungsten-containing enzymes from the result of the similarity of the EPR spectra of the complexes and flavoenzyme from milk. CCDC: 272937.     

新型层状磷酸铝[Al6P8O32][(C2H5)2NHCH2CH2NH3]2·[C2H5NH2CH2CH2NH2C2H5] 的合成、表征及其共模板作用

在溶剂热体系中,以N,N-二乙基乙二胺为结构导向剂,合成了Al/P为3/4的层状磷酸铝[Al6P8O32][(C2H5)2NHCH2CH2NH3]2·[C2H5NH2CH2CH2NH2C2H5]单晶,并通过X射线单晶衍射结构分析.XRD,ICP,元素分析,差热-热重分析等手段进行了表征.该化合物属单斜晶系,P2(1)/c空间群,晶胞参数:a=0.90945(2)nm,b=1.46424(4)nm,c=1.87572(5)nm,β=102.672(2)°,Z=4.其阴离子层由AlO4四面体和PO3(=O)四面体单元交替连接构成,形成四、六、八元环拓扑结构,无机层以ABAB方式堆积,两种质子化的有机胺分子N,N-二乙基乙二胺及其重排产物N,N′-二乙基乙二胺填充在层间.用分子动力学模拟方法,考察了标题化合物中有机胺与无机层间的相互作用,讨论了这两种有机胺的共模板作用.     

Li2CO3、NiO和电解MnO2合成高容量LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4及其表征

Well-developed crystalline LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ was prepared by solid-state reaction using Li₂CO₃, NiO and electrolytic MnO₂ at high heating and cooling rate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images showed that LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ synthesized at 900 ℃ and 950 ℃ had cubic spinel structure with clearly defined shape. LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ spinel phase decomposed at 1 000 ℃ accompanying with structural and morphological degradation. TG measurement revealed that the weight loss during heating process could be mostly gained in cooling process, and the upward tendency of weight loss during heating process decreased, while that of irreversible weight loss rapidly increased with the increase of temperature. LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ powders prepared at 900 ℃ for 12 h delivered the maximum discharge capacity of 134 mAh·g^-1 with good cyclic performance at 2/7 C. In addition, by adjusting the calcination time at 900 ℃, the capacity and cycling performance of LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ were further enhanced.     

用于痕量监测Zr4+、Cr2O72-、Fe3+、HPO42-和指纹识别的功能化Eu3+/Tb3+配位聚合物荧光探针的构筑

采用芳香族π共轭及含氮原子有机连接剂,合成同构铽、铕发光配位聚合物(CPs){[Eu(PLIA)_1.5(H₂O)₂]·H₂O}_n (1)和{[Tb(PLIA)_1.5(H₂O)₂]·H₂O}_n (2),其中H₂PLIA=5-((吡啶-4-基甲基)氧基)苯-1,3-二甲酸。对合成的配合物进行了结构测定、表征和荧光痕量识别实验研究。2个同构配合物具有理想的三维框架结构,π…π堆积及氢键等弱相互作用增强了其化学稳定性;表征显示配位聚合物1和2具有良好的荧光性质、结晶性、热力学稳定性及结构完整性,可作为荧光传感的材料。1和2对水溶液中的Zr⁴⁺、Cr₂O₇^2-和Fe³⁺、HPO₄^2-具有选择性好、灵敏度高的荧光识别能力,其检出限分别为0.139 μmol·L^-1(1,Zr⁴⁺)、0.626 μmol·L^-1(1,Cr₂O₇^2-)、0.430 μmol·L^-1(2,Fe³⁺)、1.36 μmol·L^-1(2,HPO₄^2-)。探究了1和2作为探针的荧光猝灭机理。更有趣的是,1和2具有指纹识别性能,其荧光指纹纹路清晰连贯,细节明显,可被清晰观察。     

CCl3OO· 槲皮素、芦丁、EGCG的分子反应机理

采用脉冲辐解时间分辨吸收光谱技术,研究了在近中性条件下槲皮素、芦丁、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG) 3种天然抗氧化剂清除CCl₃OO^· 自由基的反应机理,提出 CCl₃OO^·自由基与芦丁、EGCG反应均为单电子转移反应,而与槲皮素的反应可能存在单电子转移和加成两种机理,并测定了它们的反应速率常数,证明槲皮素、芦丁清除CCl₃OO^·自由基的能力比EGCG强得多.     

Furyl- and thienyl-silatranes and germatranes

We review our research on the synthesis and study of the physical and biological properties of furyl- and thienylgermatranes and -silatranes.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 725–732, June, 1992.     

Review and patents and literature

The use of the insect cell/baculovirus expression system for producing recombinant proteins of bacterial, plant, insect, and mammalian origin has become widespread. The popularity of this eukaryotic expression system is due to many factors, including (1) potentially high protein expression levels, (2) ease and speed of genetic engineering, (3) ability to accommodate large DNA inserts, (4) protein processing similar to higher eukaryotic cells (e.g., mammalian cells), and (5) ease of insect cell growth (e.g., suspension growth). The following review of the literature discusses two engineering aspects of recombinant protein synthesis by insect cell cultures: bioreactor scale-up and insect cell line selection. Following this review patent abstracts and additional literature pertaining to expression of recombinant proteins in insect cell culture are listed.     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Preparation and photolysis of poly-p-ethylacrylophenone and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone and their copolymers with styrene and methyl methacrylate

Poly-p-ethylacrylophenone (PPEtAP) and poly-p-chloroacrylophenone (PPClAP) and their copolymers with styrene (PEtAP/S) and (PClAP/S) and with methyl methacrylate (PEtAP/MMA) and (PClAP/MMA) were prepared. Quantum yields of main-chain scissions at 366 nm at room temperature in benzene solution are of the same order as those of the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers. Substitution with chlorine and ethyl group in the para position compared to the unsubstituted polyacrylophenone and its copolymers leads to an increase of the lifetime for the n–π^* excited triplet state, as is evident from the measured quenching constants of photolysis. The low-temperature emission spectra of the copolymers are similar to the spectra of the model compounds in a polymer film. For the homopolymer, however, the character of the emission spectrum changes considerably.     

Concentrations and distributions of trace and minor elements in Chinese and Canadian coals and ashes

A total of 35 trace and minor elements including some of environmental significance were determined in each of a selection of 15 Chinese and 6 Canadian thermal coals and their ashes by using the SLOWPOKE-2 nuclear reactor facility of the University of Toronto. The concentrations and distributions of these constituents among the coals and their combustion products (viz. ash and volatile matter) are presented together with an interpretation of their significance in relation to the large scale combustion of these coals as thermal fuels in industrialized countries such as China and Canada. The detailed results showed wide variations in trace impurity concentrations (up to a factor of 100 and more) among the coals studied with few large differences between those of Chinese and Canadian origin except that the rare earths, Sc, Th, U, I, and Se were much higher in the former, other halogens, As and Na were lower. Values for elemental enrichment factors (EF) relative to normal crustal abundances indicated that only As(EF=13), Br(5.7), I(16), S(230), Sb(11) and Se(320) were appreciably enriched in coal. During static ashing at 750°C most of the halogens, S and Se were volatilized whereas most other inorganic constituents were highly retained and concentrated in the ash by factors of 6 to 11.