航天线阵CCD相机推扫成象过程的象质研究

本文从线阵CCD相机推扫成象的原理出发,根据CCD器件动态时间积分的特点,指出了它与胶片型航天相机成象的区别,推导出了沿航迹方向和穿航迹方向由光学图象向光电图象转换的调制度公式.在线性传递情况下推导了图象动态传递的MTF一般公式,并由此公式说明以往对于推扫成象的MTF计算公式仅为一般公式中的一个特例.提出了象元积分重叠率的概念,并讨论了它对整机MTF的影响.指出了线阵CCD相机在特征频率下正常成象是有一定概率的,并提出了其正常成象概率的具体算法.     

一种新的闪光照相图象边界检测方法

介绍了一种用于闪光X光照相图象的边界检测方法,称为计算对比法.对于投影成象,由于成象系统的非理想特性,实际照相特性的边界与理想成象图象的边界之间往往存在一位置差,我们称之为边界退化量.模糊图象的边界检测问题主要就是边界退化量的检测问题.本文提出的计算对比法根据闪光X光照相图象的退化模型进行计算模拟成象,用从模拟图象上得出的边界退化量对实际成象图象的位置进行校正.从而达到精确检测实际图象的目的.用这种方法对多幅模拟成象图象进行了处理.     

多光子成象术中深层图象损耗恢复的研究

本文在分析混浊介质对共焦三维扫描图象衰减的基础上,建立了多光子激发荧光扫描的深层图象恢复的数学模型.依照此模型对深层图象进行依赖组织光学参量的恢复,并给出了猪表皮三维扫描成象的恢复图象.     

一种通用的MRI计算机模拟软件

报道一套基于解释脉冲程序的MRI的计算机模拟软件,可适用于任意脉冲序列成象方法的计算机模拟,该软件包括成象物理模型的建立,成象物理过程的模拟,基于K空间的时域FID信号的重组,多维傅立叶交换重建图象,多维滤波反投影重建图象.图象显示等功能模块;分析了成象的物理过程的基本原理和软件的设计思想.并以GE成象和SEPI快速成象方法为例进行了模拟,实现了图象重建.     

编码成象技术用于提高针孔成象空间分辨率

本文采用编码成象技术处理针孔成象,提高其空间分辨率.采用反投影解码技术,对针孔成象的分辨率进行了计算,结果表明,可将10μm的针孔成象空间分辨率提高到3μm左右.最后对字母“C”图象进行模拟计算,经反演后,可以得到与原图象相近的图象.     

用于运动目标探测的多通道成象系统

本文提出了一种采用自聚焦(GRIN)透镜阵列对运动目标进行探测的多通道光学成象系统.与单孔径成象系统比较,多通道成象系统具有更宽的视场和更高的运动敏感度,使之更适合于对运动目标的捕获、跟踪以及对运动量的测定.本文根据复眼的视觉机制和自聚焦透镜的成象原理,对运动目标进行了成象与测定实验.此外,初步介绍了为提高图象分辨率而采用的并行多通道处理技术.     

实现超分辨率的微变焦法

光电成象系统对目标欠抽样成象时,高频细节不但无法分辨,还将混淆低频成分.介绍一种新的实现光电成象系统超分辨率的方法——微变焦法,即利用放大率可变光学系统,获得多帧不同抽样频率下的混淆图象,然后重建成一帧混淆减少、分辨率提高的图象.计算机模拟和实验结果都表明了微变焦方法能够简便、有效地提高光电成象系统的分辨率 关键词： 超分辨率 微变焦法 混淆 光电成象系统 焦平面阵列     

X-波段电子自旋成象

报道了自行设计研制的X-波段ESR成象装置并用之对典型样品作了ESR成象测定;用解卷积和分析图象重建中卷积滤波法对自旋样品体系进行了二维的图象重建,获取了能反映真实自旋分布的二维自旋密度图象.     

菲涅耳编码孔成象研究

编码孔成象(CAI)是一种高分辨率、高信噪比、高集光效率和大视场的成象技术。可适用的技术领域有:脉冲射线成象、实时图象跟踪、层析摄影术(tomography)等高技术领域本文探讨了CAI技术的一般理论,重点讨论了菲涅耳波带片的编码成象及解码复原的原理、方法、实验及处理结果并指出了实验难点及结果误差。     

肺癌荧光图象的伪彩色增强处理

近年来,作者开发了肿瘤荧光成象法用于诊断和定位早期支气管癌.由于所获得的荧光图象使用了象增强器进行增益放大,因此还消除了肺癌荧光图象的彩色信息.本文给出了一种荧光图象伪彩色增强处理的方法,并证实了伪彩色增强技术用于早期肺癌荧光诊断的可行性.经增强处理后,内镜医生只要根据彩色视频图象中与黑白荧光图象强度相对应的颜色就可以鉴别肺癌存在与否.同增强处理前的黑白图象相比,医生从伪彩色图象中获得了病灶内部结构、边缘效果和立体感方面的更多信息.临床结果表明可疑组织与正常组织之间获得了足够高的颜色衬比,有助于诊断早期肺癌病灶.     

Simultaneous measurement of flow velocity and Doppler angle by the use of Doppler optical coherence tomography

Monitoring blood flow velocity could have great value for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics. One of current restrictions to determine flow velocity by the use of Doppler optical coherence tomography (Doppler OCT) is that the Doppler angle should be predefined. However, from a practical point of view, it is not easy to predetermine Doppler angle for a flow beneath the tissue surface. In this work, a novel method for measuring both flow velocity and Doppler angle simultaneously by the use of Doppler OCT is proposed and demonstrated. Based on Doppler spectrum analysis, this technique measures both longitudinal and transverse components of flow velocity by detecting its Doppler shift and Doppler bandwidth to determine velocity and Doppler angle simultaneously. Such a technique extends flow velocity measurement into a broadening practical use of Doppler OCT where Doppler angle would not need to be predefined, for example, blood flow beneath the tissue surface. Therefore, with this technique, Doppler OCT could be applied to more practical diagnoses of microcirculation.     

新型成像技术的实验系统研究

光学相干层析成像是一种新型成像技术。超辐射发光二极管和超短脉冲飞秒激光是能满足成像系统要求的理想光源。在开展光学相干层析相关技术研究的基础上 ,建立了国内第一台上述两种光源的成像实验研究装置 ,对系统的横向、纵向分辨率等基本性能进行了测定 ;并对多种实际样品进行了层析成像。     

复谱频域OCT成像的研究

采用频域技术的OCT系统，深度扫描信息由背向散射光谱的傅立叶反变换获得，简化了轴向扫描过程，从而使快速OCT成像成为可能．为了实现复杂生物组织的OCT快速成像，消除谱频域OCT的“混叠”现象、重建样品的真实层析结构，本文引入了相移干涉技术，构建了一套满量程复谱频域OCT实验系统，并为系统设计了特殊的分束镜和移相器，为最终实现复杂生物组织的OCT快速成像提供了条件．     

Integrated multimodal endomicroscopy platform for simultaneous en face optical coherence and two-photon fluorescence imaging

We report an all-fiber-optic scanning, multimodal endomicroscope capable of simultaneous optical coherence tomography (OCT) and two-photon fluorescence (TPF) imaging. Both imaging modalities share the same miniature fiber-optic scanning endomicroscope, which consists of a double-clad fiber with a core operating in single mode at both the OCT (1310 nm) and two-photon excitation (1550 nm) wavelengths, a piezoelectric two-dimensional fiber-optic beam scanner, and a miniature aspherical compound lens suitable for simultaneous acquisition of en face OCT and TPF images. A fiber-optic wavelength division multiplexer was employed in the integrated platform to combine the low coherence OCT light source and the femtosecond two-photon excitation laser into the same optical path. Preliminary imaging results of cell cultures and mouse tissue ex vivo demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous real-time OCT and TPF imaging in a scanning endomicroscopy setting for the first time.     

Molecularly sensitive optical coherence tomography

Molecular contrast in optical coherence tomography (OCT) is demonstrated by use of coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) for molecular sensitivity. Femtosecond laser pulses are focused into a sample by use of a low-numerical-aperture lens to generate CARS photons, and the backreflected CARS signal is interferometrically measured. With the chemical selectivity provided by CARS and the advanced imaging capabilities of OCT, this technique may be useful for molecular contrast imaging in biological tissues. CARS can be generated and interferometrically measured over at least 600 microm of the depth of field of a low-numerical-aperture objective.     

Noncontact photoacoustic imaging achieved by using a low-coherence interferometer as the acoustic detector

We report on a noncontact photoacoustic imaging (PAI) technique in which a low-coherence interferometer [(LCI), optical coherence tomography (OCT) hardware] is utilized as the acoustic detector. A synchronization approach is used to lock the LCI system at its highly sensitive region for photoacoustic detection. The technique is experimentally verified by the imaging of a scattering phantom embedded with hairs and the blood vessels within a mouse ear in vitro. The system's axial and lateral resolutions are evaluated at 60 and 30?μm, respectively. The experimental results indicate that PAI in a noncontact detection mode is possible with high resolution and high bandwidth. The proposed approach lends itself to a natural integration of PAI with OCT, rather than a combination of two separate and independent systems.     

光纤型光学相干层析成像系统的研制

光学相干层析(OCT)成像技术是一新近发展的高分辨力生物医学成像手段,能非侵入性地对活体内部的结构与生理功能进行可视化观察。采用宽带近红外光源,基于迈克耳孙干涉原理和外差探测方法,建立了单模光纤型光学相干层析成像系统,相干地提取从生物体内部返回的深度分辨的弹性散射光信息,并依此构筑了自然状态下活体组织的二维光学相干层析成像图像和三维光学相干层析成像图像。光纤化设计的光学相干层析成像系统紧凑、灵活,便于与光纤导管、内窥镜和其它成像装置的有机结合,以拓展其观察范围和应用领域。     

Depth-resolved monitoring of glucose diffusion in tissues by using optical coherence tomography

We demonstrate the capability of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) technique for depth-resolved monitoring and quantifying of glucose diffusion in fibrous tissues (sclera). The depth-resolved and average permeability coefficients of glucose were calculated. We found that the glucose diffusion rate is not uniform throughout the tissue and is increased from approximately 2.39+/-0.73 x 10(-6) cm/s at the epithelial side to 8.63+/-0.27 x 10(-6) cm/s close to the endothelial side of the sclera. Results demonstrated that the OCT technique is capable of depth-resolved monitoring and quantification of glucose diffusion in sclera with a resolution of approximately 40 mum.     

低相干光学层析技术中扫描装置的研究与设计

低相干光学层析技术是一种新型生物医学成象技术,具有快速、非侵入及高分辨的特点。本文在深入研究该技术原理的基础上,对实现该技术的关键环节-扫描装置进行了设计,并对该装置进行了实验验证,最后对实验结果进行了分析.     

OCT Study of Optical Clearing of Muscle Tissue in vitro with 40% Glucose Solution

The technique of -optical clearing of biological tissues- is aimed at improving the quality of visualization of structures hidden deep in tissue. In this study, we measured the diffusion coefficient of glucose in bovine skeletal muscle tissue by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in vitro and determined changes that took place in the imaging contrast of muscle fibers, the optical depth of coherent probing, and detection under the influence of aqueous 40% solution of glucose. It was shown that, within 90 min, when the depth of coherent probing increased by 14%, the contrast of OCT images increased fourfold and the depth of coherent detection of structural elements of the tissue increased by 2.4 times. The diffusion coefficient of glucose in the muscle tissue was (2.98 ± 0.94) × 10^-6 cm²/s.